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Stickleback embryos use ABC transporters as a buffer against exposure to maternally derived cortisol

ABSTRACT: Purpose: Offspring from females that experience stressful conditions during reproduction often exhibit altered phenotypes and many of these effects are thought to arise due to increased exposure to maternal glucocorticoids. Here we used RNAseq to test whether the embryonic transcriptional response to increased levels of cortisol was similar to the transcriptional response to maternal stress in sticklebacks Methods: Eggs were treated by immersing eggs for 30 mins in water that contained 0, 5, or 10 ug/L, which represented baseline, predator induced, and super physiological levels of maternally derived cortisol. To isolated enough RNA for RNAseq, 10 embyros from each clutch/treatment were pooled prior to RNA extraction for a total of 18 pools (6 clutches x 3 treatments). Results: Analysis of genome-wide transcriptional profiles suggests that 17251 (genes which survived a cut-off of having cpm more than 1 in at least two samples; and had a significant likelihood ratio calculated in edgeR) genes out of the possible 22,456 genes in the stickleback genome were expressed in 72-hour embryos. However, we did not detect any differences in gene expression between embryos that were treated with cortisol compared to the control group.

ORGANISM(S): Gasterosteus aculeatus

PROVIDER: GSE71649 | GEO | 2015/08/03

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA291741

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Gynogenetic development in fish is induced by activation of eggs with irradiated spermatozoa followed by exposure of the activated eggs to the temperature or high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) shock that prevents 1st cell cleavage. Produced specimens are fully homozygous fish also known as Doubled Haploids. Gynogenetic DH individuals might be used aquaculture and developmental biology unfortunately; the potential application of DHs is limited by a rather low survival rate of such specimens. However, observed variation in the survival rates of the gynogenetic embryos originated from different clutches suggests that eggs from some females have increased ability for gynogenetic development than others. Taking into account that first 10 cell cleavages in the fish embryos rely on the maternal RNA, it is tempting to assume that the ova showing such a vast difference in potential for gynogenesis may have also had different biological characteristics including alterations in maternal gene expression profiles. If so, then genes that up- or down –regulated expression in eggs increases competence for gynogenetic development in trout might be considered as candidate genes for gynogenesis in rainbow trout. Thus, the main goal of the project is identification of genes that increase ability of rainbow trout eggs for gynogenetic development. Within the project, we tried to verify following hypotheses: 1. Eggs from different females have different potential for gynogenesis in rainbow trout. 2. Eggs with different ability for gynogenetic development with all maternal inheritance have different biological characteristics including morphology and anti-ROS enzyme activities. 3. Eggs with increased competence for gynogenesis have altered transcriptomic profiles. 4. There are some particular genes that altered expression in trout eggs enable development of gynogenetic embryos. Gynogenetic rainbow trout specimens were produced in the course of activation of eggs with UV-irradiated spermatozoa and High Hydrostatic Pressure shock (HHP) applied around 1st cell cleavage. Eggs from several females were used in the experiment. Survival rates of gynogenetic rainbow trout was monitored since fertilization. Quality of eggs was examined by assessment of their morphology and activity of anti-ROS (reactive oxygene species) enzymes. Transcriptome of eggs showing increased and decreased developmental competence for gynogenesis was analyzed using RNA-seq approach and results compared to find out any alterations related to survival of gynogenetic trout.

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Stickleback embryos use ABC transporters as a buffer against exposure to maternally derived cortisol

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