Role of Gata5 in vascular endothelial cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE71838 | GEO | 2015/10/01
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA292301
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 100s of loci associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and blood pressure (BP)/hypertension. Many of these loci are not associated with traditional risk factors, nor include obvious candidate genes, complicating their functional characterization. We hypothesized that many GWAS loci associated with vascular diseases modulate endothelial functions. Endothelial cells play critical roles in regulating vascular homeostasis (e.g. selective barrier, inflammation, hemostasis, vascular tone) and endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of atherosclerosis and hypertension. We generated an integrated map of gene expression (RNA-sequencing), open chromatin regions (ATAC-sequencing), and 3D interactions (Hi-C) in resting and TNFα-treated human endothelial cells. We showed that genetic variants associated with CAD and BP are enriched in open chromatin regions identified in endothelial cells. We used physical loops identified by Hi-C to link open chromatin peaks that include CAD or BP SNPs with the promoter of genes expressed in endothelial cells. This analysis highlighted 4,548 combinations of regulatory elements-promoters, including 108 pairs that involve a differentially open chromatin site and a differentially expressed gene following TNFα treatment. At a CAD locus, we validated one of these pairs by engineering a deletion of the TNFα-sensitive regulatory element using CRISPR/Cas9 and measuring an effect on the expression of the novel CAD candidate gene AIDA. Our data support an important role played by genetic variants acting in the vascular endothelium to modulate inter-individual risk in CAD or hypertension
2019-06-25 | GSE126199 | GEO
Project description:Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 100s of loci associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and blood pressure (BP)/hypertension. Many of these loci are not associated with traditional risk factors, nor include obvious candidate genes, complicating their functional characterization. We hypothesized that many GWAS loci associated with vascular diseases modulate endothelial functions. Endothelial cells play critical roles in regulating vascular homeostasis (e.g. selective barrier, inflammation, hemostasis, vascular tone) and endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of atherosclerosis and hypertension. We generated an integrated map of gene expression (RNA-sequencing), open chromatin regions (ATAC-sequencing), and 3D interactions (Hi-C) in resting and TNFα-treated human endothelial cells. We showed that genetic variants associated with CAD and BP are enriched in open chromatin regions identified in endothelial cells. We used physical loops identified by Hi-C to link open chromatin peaks that include CAD or BP SNPs with the promoter of genes expressed in endothelial cells. This analysis highlighted 4,548 combinations of regulatory elements-promoters, including 108 pairs that involve a differentially open chromatin site and a differentially expressed gene following TNFα treatment. At a CAD locus, we validated one of these pairs by engineering a deletion of the TNFα-sensitive regulatory element using CRISPR/Cas9 and measuring an effect on the expression of the novel CAD candidate gene AIDA. Our data support an important role played by genetic variants acting in the vascular endothelium to modulate inter-individual risk in CAD or hypertension
2019-06-25 | GSE126198 | GEO
Project description:Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 100s of loci associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and blood pressure (BP)/hypertension. Many of these loci are not associated with traditional risk factors, nor include obvious candidate genes, complicating their functional characterization. We hypothesized that many GWAS loci associated with vascular diseases modulate endothelial functions. Endothelial cells play critical roles in regulating vascular homeostasis (e.g. selective barrier, inflammation, hemostasis, vascular tone) and endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of atherosclerosis and hypertension. We generated an integrated map of gene expression (RNA-sequencing), open chromatin regions (ATAC-sequencing), and 3D interactions (Hi-C) in resting and TNFα-treated human endothelial cells. We showed that genetic variants associated with CAD and BP are enriched in open chromatin regions identified in endothelial cells. We used physical loops identified by Hi-C to link open chromatin peaks that include CAD or BP SNPs with the promoter of genes expressed in endothelial cells. This analysis highlighted 4,548 combinations of regulatory elements-promoters, including 108 pairs that involve a differentially open chromatin site and a differentially expressed gene following TNFα treatment. At a CAD locus, we validated one of these pairs by engineering a deletion of the TNFα-sensitive regulatory element using CRISPR/Cas9 and measuring an effect on the expression of the novel CAD candidate gene AIDA. Our data support an important role played by genetic variants acting in the vascular endothelium to modulate inter-individual risk in CAD or hypertension
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Project description:Chen2006 - Nitric Oxide Release from
Endothelial Cells
This model is described in the article:
Theoretical analysis of
biochemical pathways of nitric oxide release from vascular
endothelial cells.
Chen K, Popel AS.
Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2006 Aug; 41(4):
668-680
Abstract:
Vascular endothelium expressing endothelial nitric oxide
synthase (eNOS) produces nitric oxide (NO), which has a number
of important physiological functions in the microvasculature.
The rate of NO production by the endothelium is a critical
determinant of NO distribution in the vascular wall. We have
analyzed the biochemical pathways of NO synthesis and
formulated a model to estimate NO production by the
microvascular endothelium under physiological conditions. The
model quantifies the NO produced by eNOS based on the kinetics
of NO synthesis and the availability of eNOS and its
intracellular substrates. The predicted NO production from
microvessels was in the range of 0.005-0.1 microM/s. This range
of predicted values is in agreement with some experimental
values but is much lower than other rates previously measured
or estimated from experimental data with the help of
mathematical modeling. Paradoxical discrepancies between the
model predictions and previously reported results based on
experimental measurements of NO concentration in the vicinity
of the arteriolar wall suggest that NO can also be released
through eNOS-independent mechanisms, such as catalysis by
neuronal NOS (nNOS). We also used our model to test the
sensitivity of NO production to substrate availability, eNOS
concentration, and potential rate-limiting factors. The results
indicated that the predicted low level of NO production can be
attributed primarily to a low expression of eNOS in the
microvascular endothelial cells.
This model is hosted on
BioModels Database
and identified by:
BIOMD0000000676.
To cite BioModels Database, please use:
Chelliah V et al. BioModels: ten-year
anniversary. Nucl. Acids Res. 2015, 43(Database
issue):D542-8.
To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or
neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to
the public domain worldwide. Please refer to
CC0
Public Domain Dedication for more information.
2018-02-20 | BIOMD0000000676 | BioModels
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Project description:Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive fatal disease that is characterized by pathological pulmonary artery remodeling, in which endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction is critically involved. We herein describe a previously unknown role of endothelial angiocrine in pulmonary hypertension. By searching for genes highly expressed in lung microvascular ECs, we identified inhibin--A (INHBA) as an angiocrine factor produced by pulmonary capillaries. We found that excess production of INHBA by ECs impairs the endothelial function in an autocrine manner by functioning as activin A (ActA). Mechanistically, ActA induces bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPRII) internalization and targeting to lysosomes for degradation, resulting in BMPRII signal deficiency in ECs. When endothelial ActA-BMPRII link is overdriven in mice, hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension was exacerbated, whereas conditional knockout of INHBA in ECs prevents the progression of pulmonary hypertension. These data collectively indicate a critical role for the dysregulated endothelial ActA-BMPRII link in the progression of pulmonary hypertension, and thus endothelial INHBA/ActA is an attractive pharmacotherapeutic target for the treatment of PAH.
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