Gene expression in the hypothalamus that responds to STZ-induced type 1 diabetes and can be reversed by central leptin action
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE72227 | GEO | 2016/02/02
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA293417
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Analysis of gene expression in the liver of insulin-deficient mice regulated by icv leptin administration. Control group received icv PBS administration. Icv leptin administration ameliorates hyperglycemia in insulin-deficient mice. Our transcriptome data provides important aspects of the leptin’s anti-type 1 diabetes action.
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Project description:Aging contributes to many chronic conditions, including central obesity, insulin resistance and osteoporosis, which are also critical features of glucocorticoid excess. To investigate tissue-specific sites of glucocorticoid (GC) action during aging, we disrupted GC signalling in mouse osteoblasts via transgenic overexpression of the GC-inactivating enzyme, 11β-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2). Wild-type mice with intact osteoblastic GC signalling developed leptin resistance, obesity and insulin resistance with aging. In contrast, transgenic (HSD2OB-tg) mice remained lean and leptin-sensitive, and were protected against aging-related hyperinsulinaemia, blunted sympathetic responses and loss of thermogenic adipose tissue. These salutary effects were independent of the osteoblast-derived factors osteocalcin and lipocalin-2. Gene expression analysis of bones from HSD2OB-tg mice indicated an early induction of pro-osteogenic and anti-adipogenic factors, and activation of a local pro-inflammatory TLR4-ZBTB16-NR1H3 network in osteoblastic cells. These findings reveal a critical role for skeletal glucocorticoid signaling in central leptin action, and in impaired metabolic function with aging
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Project description:Analysis of gene expression in the liver of insulin-deficient mice regulated by icv leptin administration. Control group received icv PBS administration. Icv leptin administration ameliorates hyperglycemia in insulin-deficient mice. Our transcriptome data provides important aspects of the leptin’s anti-type 1 diabetes action. Mice were harvested 10 days after icv leptin administration (25ng/0.11uL/hour). Liver samples were quickly removed, frozen in liquid nitrogen and subsequently stored at –80ºC. RNAs were extracted by Qiagen mRNA extract kits (RNeasy plus). gDNA was eliminated in this procedure by gDNA eliminator column, which is included in Qiagen mRNA extract kits. Genomics and Microarray Core Facility at UT-Southwestern (http://microarray.swmed.edu/) checked RNA quality with Bioanalyzer Chip and processed the samples for hybridization with Illumina Mouse-6 V2 BeadChip (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA).
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Project description:The purpose of this study was to identify leptin target genes and subsequent pathways correlated with leptin-mediated weight loss. We utilized the microarray technology to compare two types of leptin administration: one involving a direct stimulatory effect when administered peripherally (subcutaneous: SQ) and another that is indirect, involving a hypothalamic relay that suppresses food intake when leptin is administered centrally (intracerebroventricular: ICV). We report here the impact of central and peripheral administration of leptin on food intake, body weight and body fat composition in ob/ob mice. We also report hepatic gene expression changes caused by central versus peripheral leptin administration. Keywords: comparison Leptin deficient (ob/ob) mice were continuously administered leptin over 12-days using central (intracerebroventricular) or peripheral (subcutaneous) route of administration. Liver RNA was extracted and hybridized to Illumina microarrays and gene expression data was analyzed. The global gene expression profiles were compared after the central and peripheral leptin treatments in ob/ob mice and C57BL6 mice were used for the baseline gene expression.
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Project description:Genome wide association studies (GWAS) in obesity have identified a large number of noncoding loci located near genes expressed in the central nervous system. However, due to the difficulties in isolating and characterizing specific neuronal subpopulations, very few obesity-associated SNPs have been functionally characterized. Leptin responsive neurons in the hypothalamus are essential in controlling energy homeostasis and body weight. Here, we show that by combining FACS-sorting of leptin-responsive hypothalamic neuron nuclei with genomic approaches (RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq), we can provide a comprehensive map of leptin-response specific regulatory elements, several of which overlap obesity-associated GWAS variants. Further demonstrating the robustness of our leptin-response neuron regulome, we functionally characterize a novel enhancer near Socs3, a leptin response-associated transcription factor. Combined, our results provide a comprehensive map of active genomic regions in leptin-responsive neurons and present a blueprint for functionally characterizing obesity-associated SNPs in the hypothalamus.
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