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A Microarray-Based Analysis Reveals That A Short Photoperiod Promotes Hair Growth in the Arbas Cashmere Goat

ABSTRACT: we evaluated the Arbas Cashmere goat, a species that is especially used in this type of research. The goats were exposed to an experimentally controlled short photoperiod to study the regulation of cyclical cashmere growth. Exposure to a short photoperiod extended the anagen phase of the Cashmere goat hair follicle to increase cashmere production. Based on assessments of tissue sections, it was observed that the short photoperiod significantly induced cashmere growth. A comparison of the differences in gene expression between the short photoperiod and the natural conditions using gene chip technology supported this conclusion. Using the gene chip data, we identified genes that showed altered expression under the short photoperiod compared to natural conditions, and it was found that these genes are involved in the biological processes of hair follicle growth, structural composition of the hair follicle, and the morphogenesis of the surrounding skin appendages.

ORGANISM(S): Ovis aries Capra hircus

PROVIDER: GSE74860 | GEO | 2015/11/11

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA301694

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The domestic goat, Capra hircus (2n=60), is one of the most important domestic livestock species in the world. Here we report its high quality reference genome generated by combining Illumina short reads sequencing and a new automated and high throughput whole genome mapping system based on the optical mapping technology which was used to generate extremely long super-scaffolds. The N50 size of contigs, scaffolds, and super-scaffolds for the sequence assembly reported herein are 18.7 kb, 3.06 Mb, and 18.2 Mb, respectively. Almost 95% of the supper-scaffolds are anchored on chromosomes based on conserved syntenic information with cattle. The assembly is strongly supported by the RH map of goat chromosome 1. We annotated 22,175 protein-coding genes, most of which are recovered by RNA-seq data of ten tissues. Rapidly evolving genes and gene families are enriched in metabolism and immune systems, consistent with the fact that the goat is one of the most adaptable and geographically widespread livestock species. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the primary and secondary follicles of a cashmere goat revealed 51 genes that were significantly differentially expressed between the two types of hair follicles. This study not only provides a high quality reference genome for an important livestock species, but also shows that the new automated optical mapping technology can be used in a de novo assembly of large genomes. Corresponding whole genome sequencing is available in NCBI BioProject PRJNA158393. We have sequenced a 3-year-old female Yunnan black goat and constructed a reference sequence for this breed. In order to improve quality of gene models, RNA samples of ten tissues (Bladder, Brain, Heart, Kidney, Liver, Lung, Lymph, Muscle, Ovarian, Spleen) were extracted from the same goat which was sequenced. To investigate the genic basis underlying the development of cashmere fibers using the goat reference genome assembly and annotated genes, we extracted RNA samples of primary hair follicle and secondary hair follicle from three Inner Mongolia cashmere goats and conducted transcriptome sequencing and DGE analysis. This submission represents RNA-Seq component of study.

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A Microarray-Based Analysis Reveals That A Short Photoperiod Promotes Hair Growth in the Arbas Cashmere Goat

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