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Evolutionary rewiring of the ROX genes controlling hypoxic response in yeasts

ABSTRACT: Unusually among fungi, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is able to grow in environments containing almost no oxygen. A major feature of its response to hypoxia is a transition in expression from aerobic to hypoxic genes, which often code for duplicated isoforms of the same protein. In aerobic conditions, expression of the hypoxic gene set is repressed by the HMG domain protein Rox1. Here, we examined the evolution of ROX1 and related genes in the subphylum Saccharomycotina and find that a substantial reorganization of hypoxic gene regulation occurred during yeast evolution. S. cerevisiae lost ROX2, an ancient paralog of ROX1, which is almost universally present in other yeast species. ROX2 is orthologous to Candida albicans RFG1, a regulator of filamentous growth. Many yeasts, such as Candida glabrata, lack ROX1 and contain only ROX2. Others such as Naumovozyma castellii retain both genes. Although the ancestral function of ROX2 is uncertain, we find that it is not a regulator of hypoxic genes except in C. glabrata where it has taken over this function from the absent ROX1. We also find that N. castellii has a greatly attenuated transcriptional response to hypoxia as compared to other species, but that the ergosterol pathway which is normally induced by hypoxia can be induced by cobalt chloride stress in N. castellii.

ORGANISM(S): Naumovozyma castellii

PROVIDER: GSE75235 | GEO | 2018/07/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:roX RNAs are involved in the chromosome-wide gene regulation that occurs during dosage compensation in Drosophila. Dosage compensation equalizes expression of X-linked and autosomal genes. Drosophila males increase transcription two-fold from their single X chromosome. This is mediated by the MSL complex, which is composed of the male-specific lethal (MSL) proteins and two noncoding roX RNAs, roX1 and roX2. Upon elimination of both roX transcripts, a global decrease of X-linked gene expression is observed in males. Expression of the genes on the entire 4th chromosome also decreased in the absence of both roX transcripts. roX1 RNA also presents in females in the early stages. To investigate the effect of loss of roX transcripts on gene expression in females, gene expression was analyzed by microarrays in roX1-roX2- female flies. To eliminate inconsistency caused by differences in genetic background, expression of roX1-roX2- females with females of virtually identical genetic background but carrying the [hsp83-roX1+] transgene were compared. Expression of any chromosome did not change in roX1-roX2- females. It was concluded that roX RNAs only effect in males . Experiment Overall Design: Total RNA was prepared from groups of 50 third instar larvae by TRIzol (Invitrogen) extraction and purified using the RNeasy kit (Qiagen). Three independent RNA preparations for each genotype served as templates for probe synthesis. These probes were hybridized to Affymetrix Drosophila Genome 2.0 chips (Santa Clara, CA). Genes were filtered for present/absent calls by a PM-MM (Perfect match-Mismatch) comparison. Affymetrix Gene expression data was background corrected, normalized and summarized into a one expression value per replicate sample and probeset using the RMA (robust multi-array average) algorithm. Changes in gene expression were determined by comparing the mean signal intensities of genes on arrays hybridized with roX1- roX2- (mutant) probes to those hybridized with roX1- roX2-; [hsp83-roX1+] (control) probes.

Project description:This is genome-scale metabolic model of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the representative yeast species for the clade Saccharomycetaceae. This model was generated through homology search using a fungal pan-GEM largely based on Yeast8 for Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in addition to manual curation. This model has been produced by the Yeast-Species-GEMs project from Sysbio (www.sysbio.se). This is model version 1.0.0 accompanying the publication (DOI: 10.15252/msb.202110427), currently hosted on BioModels Database and identified by MODEL2109130010. Further curations of this model will be tracked in the GitHub repository: https://github.com/SysBioChalmers/Yeast-Species-GEMs Models for species of the same clade includes: Ashbya aceri; Candida glabrata; Eremothecium coryli; Eremothecium cymbalariae; Eremothecium gossypii; Eremothecium sinecaudum; Kazachstania africana; Kazachstania naganishii; Kluyveromyces lactis; Kluyveromyces marxianus; Lachancea cidri; Lachancea dasiensis; Lachancea fantastica nom. nud.; Lachancea fermentati; Lachancea kluyveri; Lachancea lanzarotensis; Lachancea meyersii; Lachancea mirantina; Lachancea nothofagi; Lachancea quebecensis; Lachancea thermotolerans; Lachancea waltii; Nakaseomyces bacillisporus; Candida bracarensis; Candida castellii; Nakaseomyces delphensis; Candida nivariensis; Naumovozyma castellii; Naumovozyma dairenensis; Saccharomyces arboricola; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces eubayanus; Saccharomyces kudriavzevii; Saccharomyces mikatae; Saccharomyces paradoxus; Saccharomyces uvarum; Tetrapisispora blattae; Tetrapisispora phaffii; Torulaspora delbrueckii; Vanderwaltozyma polyspora; Zygosaccharomyces bailii; Zygosaccharomyces rouxii; Kazachstania martiniae; Kazachstania unispora; Kazachstania turicensis; Kazachstania bromeliacearum; Kazachstania siamensis; Kazachstania taianensis; Kazachstania intestinalis; Kazachstania rosinii; Kazachstania transvaalensis; Kazachstania spencerorum; Kazachstania viticola; Kazachstania solicola; Kazachstania kunashirensis; Kazachstania aerobia; Kazachstania yakushimaensis; Torulaspora franciscae; Zygotorulaspora mrakii; Kluyveromyces aestuarii; Kluyveromyces dobzhanskii; Zygotorulaspora florentina; Zygosaccharomyces kombuchaensis; Zygosaccharomyces bisporus; Tetrapisispora fleetii; Tetrapisispora iriomotensis; Tetrapisispora namnaonensis; Torulaspora pretoriensis; Yueomyces sinensis; Torulaspora microellipsoides; Torulaspora maleeae. These models are available in the zip file. To cite BioModels, please use: V Chelliah et al; BioModels: ten-year anniversary. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43 (D1): D542-D548. To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to the public domain worldwide. Please refer to MIT License for more information.

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Evolutionary rewiring of the ROX genes controlling hypoxic response in yeasts

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