AKT regulates de novo induction of Foxp3
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE7596 | GEO | 2008/02/15
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA100163
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:The CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells play an essential role in maintaining tolerance via their suppressive function on conventional T cells. The intracellular signaling pathways that regulate Foxp3 expression are largely unknown. In this study we describe a novel inhibitory role for AKT in regulating de novo induction of Foxp3 both in vivo and in vitro. A constitutively active allele of AKT significantly diminished TGF-â induced Foxp3 induction via a rapamycin-sensitive pathway, establishing a role for the AKT-mTOR axis in Treg cells. Moreover, the observed impairment in Foxp3 induction was paralleled by a selective downmodulation of the imparted Treg transcriptional signature highlighting the importance of the balance of intracellular signals in Treg differentiation . Our results provide a basis for further elucidation of molecular mechanisms that regulate Foxp3 induction and identify AKT as an important negative regulator of this process. Experiment Overall Design: All gene expression profiles were obtained from highly purified T cell populations sorted by flow cytometry. To reduce variability, cells from multiple mice were pooled for sorting, and three replicates were generated for all groups. RNA from 0.5-2.5 x 105 cells was amplified, labeled, and hybridized to Affymetrix M430v2 microarrays. Raw data were preprocessed with the RMA algorithm in GenePattern, and averaged expression values were used for analysis.
2008-04-07 | E-GEOD-7596 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Effector (Teff) and regulatory (Treg) CD4 T cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to support proliferation and immune function. While Phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mTORC1 signaling induces the glucose transporter Glut1 and aerobic glycolysis for Teff proliferation and inflammatory function, mechanisms that regulate Treg metabolism and function remain unclear. We show that TLR signals that promote Treg proliferation increase Glut1, PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 signaling, and glycolysis. However, TLR-induced mTORC1 signaling also impaired Treg suppressive capacity. Conversely, FoxP3 opposed PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling to reduce glycolysis and anabolic metabolism while increasing oxidative and catabolic metabolism. Importantly, Glut1 expression was sufficient to increase Treg numbers but reduced suppressive capacity and FoxP3 expression. Thus, inflammatory signals and FoxP3 balance mTORC1 signaling and glucose metabolism to control Treg proliferation and suppressive function.
2016-08-30 | GSE84919 | GEO
Project description:CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are key mediators of immunological tolerance and promising effector cells for immuno-suppressive adoptive cellular therapy to fight autoimmunity and chronic inflammation. Their functional stability is critical for their clinical utility and has been correlated to the demethylated state of the TSDR/CNS2 enhancer element in the Treg lineage transcription factor FOXP3. However, proof for a causal contribution of the TSDR de-methylation to FOXP3 stability and Treg induction is so far lacking. We here established a powerful transient-transfection CRISPR-Cas9-based epigenetic-editing method for the selective de-methylation of the TSDR within the endogenous chromatin environment of a living cell. The induced de-methylated state was stable over weeks in clonal T cell proliferation cultures even after expression of the editing complex had ceased. Epigenetic editing of the TSDR resulted in FOXP3 expression, even in its physiological isoform distribution, proving a causal role for the de-methylated TSDR in FOXP3 regulation. However, successful FOXP3 induction was not associated with a switch towards a functional Treg phenotype, in contrast to what has been reported from FOXP3 overexpression approaches. Thus, TSDR de-methylation is required, but not sufficient for a stable Treg phenotype induction. Therefore, targeted demethylation of the TSDR may be a critical addition to published in vitro Treg induction protocols which so far lack FOXP3 stability.
| EGAS00001004867 | EGA
Project description:Regulatory T (Treg) cells characterized by expression of the transcription factor forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) maintain immune homeostasis by suppressing self-destructive immune responses1-4. Foxp3 operates as a late acting differentiation factor controlling Treg cell homeostasis and function5, whereas the early Treg cell lineage commitment is regulated by the Akt kinase and the forkhead box O (Foxo) family of transcription factors6-10. However, whether Foxo proteins act beyond the Treg cell commitment stage to control Treg cell homeostasis and function remains largely unexplored. Here we show that Foxo1 is a pivotal regulator of Treg cell function. Treg cells express high amounts of Foxo1, and display reduced T-cell receptor-induced Akt activation, Foxo1 phosphorylation, and Foxo1 nuclear exclusion. Mice with Treg cell-specific deletion of Foxo1 develop a fatal inflammatory disorder similar in severity to Foxp3-deficient mice, but without the loss of Treg cells. Genome-wide analysis of Foxo1 binding sites reveals ~300 Foxo1-bound target genes, including the proinflammatory cytokine Ifng, that do not appear to be directly regulated by Foxp3. These findings demonstrate that the evolutionarily ancient Akt-Foxo1 signaling module controls a novel genetic program indispensable for Treg cell function. Treg cells were isolated from wild-type B6 mice or Foxo1tagBirA mice in which foxo1 is endogenously biotinylated. Foxo1 binding targets in Treg cells were identified by using Foxo1 antibody- and Streptavidin- ChIP-Seq approaches.
2012-09-07 | E-GEOD-40656 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Obesity and type-2 diabetes are associated with tissue-inflammation and metabolic defects in fat depots. Foxp3+regulatory T(Treg) cells mediate T-cell tolerance, thereby controlling tissue inflammation. However, the molecular underpinnings how environmental stimuli interlink T-cell tolerance with adipose tissue function remain largely unknown. Here, we report that cold exposure or beta3-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) stimulation induces T-cell tolerance in vitro and in murine and humanized models. Tolerance induction was verified by CD4+T-cell-proteomes revealing higher protein expression of Foxp3 regulatory networks. Specifically, Ragulator-interacting protein C17orf59, which limits mTORC1 activity, was upregulated by either ADRB3-stimulation or cold-exposure, and therefore might enhance Treg induction. By loss and gain-of-function studies, including Treg depletion and transfers in vivo, we demonstrated that a T-cell-specific Stat6/Pten axis links cold-exposure or ADRB3 stimulation with Foxp3+Treg induction and adipose tissue function. Our findings open new avenues in understanding tissue-specific T-cell tolerance and the design of precision concepts toward personalized immune-metabolic health.
2017-09-11 | PXD004671 | Pride
Project description:Regulatory T (Treg) cells characterized by expression of the transcription factor forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) maintain immune homeostasis by suppressing self-destructive immune responses1-4. Foxp3 operates as a late acting differentiation factor controlling Treg cell homeostasis and function5, whereas the early Treg cell lineage commitment is regulated by the Akt kinase and the forkhead box O (Foxo) family of transcription factors6-10. However, whether Foxo proteins act beyond the Treg cell commitment stage to control Treg cell homeostasis and function remains largely unexplored. Here we show that Foxo1 is a pivotal regulator of Treg cell function. Treg cells express high amounts of Foxo1, and display reduced T-cell receptor-induced Akt activation, Foxo1 phosphorylation, and Foxo1 nuclear exclusion. Mice with Treg cell-specific deletion of Foxo1 develop a fatal inflammatory disorder similar in severity to Foxp3-deficient mice, but without the loss of Treg cells. Genome-wide analysis of Foxo1 binding sites reveals ~300 Foxo1-bound target genes, including the proinflammatory cytokine Ifng, that do not appear to be directly regulated by Foxp3. These findings demonstrate that the evolutionarily ancient Akt-Foxo1 signaling module controls a novel genetic program indispensable for Treg cell function. Regulatory T cells were FACS sorted in WT mice (2 reps), Foxo1 KO mice (2 reps), mice expressing a constitutively active form of Foxo1 (1 rep), and Foxo1 KO mice expressing constitutively active Foxo1. We identified genes differentially expressed in WT vs. KO mice and assessed whether expression was recovered in the KO in presence of constitutively active Foxo1
2012-09-07 | E-GEOD-40655 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Regulatory T (Treg) cells characterized by expression of the transcription factor forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) maintain immune homeostasis by suppressing self-destructive immune responses1-4. Foxp3 operates as a late acting differentiation factor controlling Treg cell homeostasis and function5, whereas the early Treg cell lineage commitment is regulated by the Akt kinase and the forkhead box O (Foxo) family of transcription factors6-10. However, whether Foxo proteins act beyond the Treg cell commitment stage to control Treg cell homeostasis and function remains largely unexplored. Here we show that Foxo1 is a pivotal regulator of Treg cell function. Treg cells express high amounts of Foxo1, and display reduced T-cell receptor-induced Akt activation, Foxo1 phosphorylation, and Foxo1 nuclear exclusion. Mice with Treg cell-specific deletion of Foxo1 develop a fatal inflammatory disorder similar in severity to Foxp3-deficient mice, but without the loss of Treg cells. Genome-wide analysis of Foxo1 binding sites reveals ~300 Foxo1-bound target genes, including the proinflammatory cytokine Ifng, that do not appear to be directly regulated by Foxp3. These findings demonstrate that the evolutionarily ancient Akt-Foxo1 signaling module controls a novel genetic program indispensable for Treg cell function.
2012-09-07 | GSE40656 | GEO
Project description:Regulatory T (Treg) cells characterized by expression of the transcription factor forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) maintain immune homeostasis by suppressing self-destructive immune responses1-4. Foxp3 operates as a late acting differentiation factor controlling Treg cell homeostasis and function5, whereas the early Treg cell lineage commitment is regulated by the Akt kinase and the forkhead box O (Foxo) family of transcription factors6-10. However, whether Foxo proteins act beyond the Treg cell commitment stage to control Treg cell homeostasis and function remains largely unexplored. Here we show that Foxo1 is a pivotal regulator of Treg cell function. Treg cells express high amounts of Foxo1, and display reduced T-cell receptor-induced Akt activation, Foxo1 phosphorylation, and Foxo1 nuclear exclusion. Mice with Treg cell-specific deletion of Foxo1 develop a fatal inflammatory disorder similar in severity to Foxp3-deficient mice, but without the loss of Treg cells. Genome-wide analysis of Foxo1 binding sites reveals ~300 Foxo1-bound target genes, including the proinflammatory cytokine Ifng, that do not appear to be directly regulated by Foxp3. These findings demonstrate that the evolutionarily ancient Akt-Foxo1 signaling module controls a novel genetic program indispensable for Treg cell function.
2012-09-07 | GSE40655 | GEO
Project description:The Foxp3 transcription factor is a crucial determinant of both regulatory T (TREG) cell development and their functional maintenance. Appropriate modulation of tolerogenic immune responses therefore requires tight regulation of Foxp3 transcriptional output, and this involves both transcriptional and post-translational regulation. Here, we show that during T cell activation, phosphorylation of Foxp3 in TREG cells can be regulated by a TGFβ Activated Kinase 1 (TAK1)-Nemo Like Kinase (NLK) signaling pathway. NLK interacts with Foxp3 in TREG cells and directly phosphorylates Foxp3 on multiple serine residues. This phosphorylation results in stabilization of Foxp3 protein levels by preventing association with the STUB1 E3-ubiquitin protein ligase, resulting in both reduced ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation. Conditional TREG cell NLK-knockout (NLKTREG) results in decreased TREG cell-mediated immunosuppression in vivo and NLK-deficient TREG cell animals develop more severe experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Our data suggest a molecular mechanism, in which stimulation of TCR-mediated signaling can induce a TAK1-NLK pathway to sustain Foxp3 transcriptional activity through stabilization of protein levels, thereby maintaining TREG cell suppressive function. Pharmacological manipulation of this phosphorylation-ubiquitination axis may provide therapeutic opportunities for regulating TREG cell function, for example during cancer immunotherapy.
2019-09-02 | PXD011164 | Pride
Project description:A variety of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg cell types have been described previously, indicating molecular heterogeneity within the Foxp3+ pool of CD4+ T cells. However, the factors that shape the transcriptomic identities of different Foxp3+ Treg cells are poorly understood. To identify the molecular pathways involved, we isolated CD4+Foxp3gfp+ cells from Th1-rich or Th2-rich environments following chronic Leishmania major or Schistosoma mansoni infection, respectively. Whole genome expression profiling and next generation small RNA sequencing revealed significantly different mRNA and miRNA profiles. In-silico analyses identified miR-10a and miR-182 as âregulatory miRNA hubsâ in CD4+Foxp3+ cells in Th1 and Th2-environments, respectively. Using in vitro and in vivo systems we identified that IL-12/IFNg down-regulated miR-10a and its putative transcription factor, Creb. Importantly, we demonstrated that miR-10a controls a suite of genes that regulate IFNg production in Th1-Treg cells. Also, Treg cells treated with IL-4 increased miR-182 and its putative transcription factor, cMaf. Up-regulation of miR-182 mitigated IL-2 secretion, in part through repression of IL2-promoting genes, including Bach2 and Cd2ap. This study indicates that CD4+Foxp3+ cells are influenced by their environment, and that Th1 or Th2 environments promote distinct miRNA pathways, preserving Treg stability and suppressor function. mouse infection vs. naïve
2016-04-07 | E-GEOD-45976 | biostudies-arrayexpress