Sex-biased gene expression in the common copepod Eurytemora affinis
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Eurytemora affinis
PROVIDER: GSE76680 | GEO | 2022/11/29
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Investigatation into how genes with sex-differential expression profiles are distributed among the chromosomes in Drosophila. Assayed the expression of 14,142 predicted transcripts in competitive hybridizations and found a dramatic underrepresentation of X-chromosome genes showing high relative expression in male. This is the first report of sex-biased expression of the full (predicted) genome. Findings indicate that there is significant sex-biased expression, especially in gonads. Genes showing sex-biased gene expression profiles are likely to have sex-biased functions. Keywords: other
2003-06-02 | GSE442 | GEO
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Project description:Purpose: Accurate identification of sex-biased genes requires precise measurement of gene expression levels in gonads. This study is designed to provide such data for various Drosophila species to enhance studies of sex-biased gene expression and evolution across the genus. Methods: Virgin flies were collected and aged 6-10 days before dissecting 2-3 replicates of testes or ovaries. Total RNA was extracted using the Arcturus® PicoPure® kit . Illumina® TruSeq® RNA library kits were used to poly-A+ select and reverse-transcribe mRNA, shear cDNA into ~120 bp fragments, and produce libraries for 1x50 bp sequencing on an Illumina GAIIx or HiSeq2000. Illumina®’s Real Time Analysis v1.13 module processed images, called bases, and provided base qualities. Reads were mapped to the current reference genomes using Bowtie v2.1.0 (Langmead and Salzberg, 2012, Nat Meth) with default settings. Differentially expressed genes were detected using Cufflinks v 2.1.0 (Trapnell et al., 2010, Nat Biotech; default settings) or edgeR (Robinson et al., 2010, Bioinformatics; full-quantile GC-content normalization and full-quantile between-sample normalization). Genes were called differentially expressed at a Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate of 0.01. Results: Thousands of male- and female-biased genes were detected for each species using both DE detection methods. These results provide a significant improvement in sensitivity of sex-biased gene detection relative to using whole-body RNA-sequencing data. These data provide a foundation for accurate identification of sex-biased genes throughout the Drosophila genus.
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2014-09-25 | GSE58578 | GEO
Project description:Although not all sex-dependent gene expression is adaptive, it is likely an important genomic mechanism that allows each sex to independently adapt to environmental changes. Among Drosophila species, sex-biased genes display remarkably consistent evolutionary patterns; male-biased genes evolve faster than unbiased genes in both coding sequence and expression level, suggesting sex-differences in selection through time. However, comparatively little is known of the evolutionary process shaping sex-biased expression within species. Latitudinal clines offer an opportunity to examine how changes in key ecological parameters also influence sex-specific selection and the evolution of sex-biased gene expression. We assayed male and female gene expression in Drosophila serrata along a latitudinal gradient in eastern Australia spanning most of its endemic distribution. Analysis of 11,631 genes across eight populations revealed strong sex differences in the frequency, mode, and strength of divergence. Divergence was far stronger in males than females and while latitudinal clines were evident in both sexes, male divergence was often population-specific, suggesting responses to localized selection pressures that do not covary predictably with latitude. While divergence was enriched for male-biased genes, there was no overrepresentation of X-linked genes in males. By contrast, X-linked divergence was elevated in females, especially for female biased genes. Many genes that diverged in D. serrata have homologs also showing latitudinal divergence in D. simulans and D. melanogaster on other continents, likely indicating parallel adaptation in these distantly related species. Our results suggest that sex differences in selection play an important role in shaping the evolution of gene expression over macro- and micro-ecological spatial scales.
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