Ion Torrent RNA-sequencing of exosomes isolated from ovarian cancer cells, fibroblasts and adipocytes
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE77318 | GEO | 2016/03/21
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA310092
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Advanced ovarian cancer usually spreads to the visceral adipose tissue of the omentum. However, the stromal cell-derived molecular determinants that modulate ovarian cancer growth have not been characterized. Here, we identified significantly higher levels of miR21 in exosomes and tissue lysate isolated from cancer associated adipocytes (CAA) and fibroblasts (CAF) compared to those from ovarian cancer cells. Functional studies and transcriptome analysis on miR21 transfected SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells revealed that miR21 could be transferred from CAA or CAF to ovarian cancer cells and modulate ovarian cancer apoptosis and chemoresistance through binding to its direct target APAF1. These data suggest that malignant phenotype of metastatic ovarian cancer cells can be modulated by miR21 delivered by exosomes derived from neighboring stromal cells in the omental tumor microenvironment.
2016-03-21 | GSE51457 | GEO
Project description:Ovarian cancer is the most lethal malignancy in the United States. In the year 2012, there will be an estimated 22,280 new cases and 15,500 deaths from ovarian cancer in the country (Siegel et al., 2012). While studies on ovarian cancer pathogenesis were mainly focused on the epithelial component of the tumor, understanding in the role of cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in ovarian cancer progression is limited. We hypothesized that comparing the gene expression profiles of different components from laser capture microdissected ovarian tissue will allow us to identify an ovarian CAFs specific gene signature which accounts for the supportive role of CAFs in ovarian cancer progression. In this study, gene expression profiling was completed for 31 cancer stroma samples and 32 samples of epithelial component from high grade serous ovarian cancer patients. 8 microdissected normal ovarian stroma and 6 normal human ovarian surface epithelium (HOSE) samples were also included in the study. By comparing the expression data from cancer stroma against that from normal stroma, cancer cells and HOSE, we identified a set of differential expressed genes in ovarian CAFs which showed correlation with cancer patient survival. Further study on these genes can reveal their roles in ovarian cancer progression and pathogenesis. Ultimately, ovarian CAFs specified genes identified in this study may aid in the classification and enhancement of patient outcome. Transcriptome profiling analyses were performed on 31 laser microdissected cancer associated stroma samples, 32 epithelial tumor samples from high grade serous ovarian cancer patients, 8 microdissected normal ovarian stroma samples and 6 ovarian surface epthelium (HOSE) samples using the Affymetrix human genome U133 Plus 2.0 microarray.
2014-09-11 | E-GEOD-40595 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Ovarian cancer is the most lethal malignancy in the United States. In the year 2012, there will be an estimated 22,280 new cases and 15,500 deaths from ovarian cancer in the country (Siegel et al., 2012). While studies on ovarian cancer pathogenesis were mainly focused on the epithelial component of the tumor, understanding in the role of cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in ovarian cancer progression is limited. We hypothesized that comparing the gene expression profiles of different components from laser capture microdissected ovarian tissue will allow us to identify an ovarian CAFs specific gene signature which accounts for the supportive role of CAFs in ovarian cancer progression. In this study, gene expression profiling was completed for 31 cancer stroma samples and 32 samples of epithelial component from high grade serous ovarian cancer patients. 8 microdissected normal ovarian stroma and 6 normal human ovarian surface epithelium (HOSE) samples were also included in the study. By comparing the expression data from cancer stroma against that from normal stroma, cancer cells and HOSE, we identified a set of differential expressed genes in ovarian CAFs which showed correlation with cancer patient survival. Further study on these genes can reveal their roles in ovarian cancer progression and pathogenesis. Ultimately, ovarian CAFs specified genes identified in this study may aid in the classification and enhancement of patient outcome.
2014-09-11 | GSE40595 | GEO
Project description:Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the backbone of therapy for advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Despite the good initial response, castration resistance and metastatic progression will inevitably occur. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) may be implicated in promoting metastasis of PCa after ADT. Our aim is to investigate the role and mechanism of CAF-derived exosomes involving in metastasis of PCa after ADT. Methods: PCa cells were co-cultured with exosomes derived from DHT-treated or ETOH-treated CAFs, and their migration and invasion differences under castration condition were examined both in vitro and in vivo. The miRNA profiles of exosomes derived from DHT-treated CAFs and matched ETOH-treated CAFs were analysed via next generation sequencing. The transfer of exosomal miR-146a-5p from CAFs to PCa cells was identified by fluorescent microscopy. The function and direct target gene of exosomal miR-146a-5p in PCa cells were confirmed through Transwell assays, luciferase reporter, and western blot. Findings: Compared with DHT-treated CAFs, exosomes derived from ETOH-treated CAFs dramatically increase migration and invasion of PCa cells under castration condition. MiR-146a-5p level in exosomes from ETOH-treated CAFs was significantly reduced. The loss of miR-146a-5p may strengthen the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to accelerate cancer cells metastasis by modulating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/ERK pathway. Interpretation: CAFs-derived exosomal miR-146a-5p confers metastasis in PCa cells under ADT through the EGFR/ERK pathway and it may present a new treatment for PCa.
2022-08-02 | GSE154215 | GEO
Project description:Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been shown to plays crucial roles in cancer progression. Although increasing evidence demonstrates that CAFs have important roles in modulating the aggressive phenotypes of cancer cells, their effects on the tumor vasculature remain underexplored. We co-cultured TIME human microvascular endothelial cells (MECs) with either primary human ovarian CAFs or normal ovarian fibroblasts (NFs) to evaluate the effects of CAFs on phenotypes of endothelial cells.
2018-02-14 | GSE106519 | GEO
Project description:Effective targeting of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) is hindered by the lack of specific biomarkers and a poor understanding of the mechanisms by which different populations of CAFs contribute to cancer progression. While the role of TGFβ in CAFs is well-studied, less attention has been focused on a structurally and functionally similar protein, Activin A (encoded by INHBA), which is typically associated with poor survival and advanced stage in ovarian cancer. Here, we identified INHBA(+) CAFs as key players in tumor promotion and immune evasion. In syngeneic ovarian cancer mouse models, intraperitoneal injection of the Activin A neutralizing antibody attenuated tumor progression and infiltration with the host INHBA(+) CAFs and M2 macrophages. Collectively, our study identified an INHBA(+) subset of pro-tumoral CAFs as a potential therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.
2023-05-01 | GSE229529 | GEO
Project description:Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) comprise the majority of the tumor bulk of pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PDACs). Current efforts to eradicate these tumors focus predominantly on targeting the proliferation of rapidly growing cancer epithelial cells. We know that this is largely ineffective with resistance arising in most tumors following exposure to chemotherapy. Despite the long-standing recognition of the prominence of CAFs in PDAC, the effect of chemotherapy on CAFs and how they may contribute to drug resistance in neighboring cancer cells is not well characterized. Here we show that CAFs exposed to chemotherapy play an active role in regulating the survival and proliferation of cancer cells. We found that CAFs are intrinsically resistant to gemcitabine, the chemotherapeutic standard of care for PDAC. Further, CAFs exposed to gemcitabine significantly increase the release of extracellular vesicles called exosomes. These exosomes increased chemoresistance-inducing factor, Snail, in recipient epithelial cells and promote proliferation and drug resistance. Finally, treatment of gemcitabine-exposed CAFs with an inhibitor of exosome release, GW4869, significantly reduces survival in co-cultured epithelial cells, signifying an important role of CAF exosomes in chemotherapeutic drug resistance. Collectively, these findings show the potential for exosome inhibitors as treatment options alongside chemotherapy for overcoming PDAC chemoresistance.
2016-11-01 | GSE85048 | GEO
Project description:Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) constitutes a major gynecological malignancy, with a reported incidence rate of 3-12/100 000 woman annually. As early symptoms of ovarian cancer are often clinically atypical or absent, the majority of ovarian cancer patients are diagnosed at a late stage, when the five-year survival rate is extremely low. This condition underscores the urgency of early detection of these patients and establishment of new therapeutic targets for successful intervention. Considering that the predominant biological characteristic that differentiates malignant from benign tumors is the ability to metastasize, it is necessary to identify novel metastasis-related molecules for ovarian cancer. In this study, we found that CAFs could significantly increase the metastatic potential of ovarian cancer cells compared with non-cancer associated fibroblasts(NAFs), which is associated with over-expression of CXCL14 in CAFs. We examined the impact of CAF-secreted CXCL14 on the lncRNA expression profiles in ovarian cancer during metastasis. We treated A2780s ovarian cancer cell line with recombinant CXCL14 protein and control respectively and subjected them to Arraystar Human LncRNA microarray v3.0 to profile differential lncRNAs in ovarian cancer upon treatment of CXCL14
2016-06-01 | E-GEOD-82059 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Advanced ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy in the United States. Ovarian cancer cells are known to have diminished response to TGF-beta, but it remains unclear whether TGF-beta can modulate ovarian cancer cell growth in an indirect manner through cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Using transcriptome profiling analyses on TGF-beta-treated ovarian fibroblasts, we identified a TGF-beta-responsive gene signature in ovarian fibroblasts. Identifying TGF-beta-regulated genes in the ovarian microenvironment helps in understanding the role of TGF-beta in ovarian cancer progression. The human telomerase-immortalized ovarian fibroblast line NOF151 was treated with 5ng/mL of either TGF-beta-1 or TGF-beta-2. Total RNA was isolated from control samples and TGF-beta-treated fibroblasts samples at 48 hours post-treatment, followed by cDNA synthesis, IVT and biotin labeling. Samples were then hybridized onto Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 microarrays. For each treatment group, three independent samples were prepared for the microarray experiment.
2013-12-31 | E-GEOD-40266 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The mechanisms underlying the effects of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) on cancer stemness and tumor progression in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have not been elucidated yet. In the present study, we found that the enrichment of CAFs was positively associated with tumor progression and cancer stemness in RCC. Further investigation revealed that CAFs could enhance cancer stemness through delivering exosomes to RCC cells, and miR-181d-5p was identified as the critical exosomal miRNA in CAF secreted exosomes by small RNA sequencing and subsequent screening assays. Mechanistically, exosomal miR-181d-5p transferred from CAFs to RCC cells directly suppressed the expression of ring finger protein 43 (RNF43) and activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thus promoted cancer stemness and tumor progression. Overexpression of RNF43 strongly suppressed stemness properties and the effects could be reverted by miR-181d-5p. Overall, our findings revealed a crucial mechanism by which CAFs secreted exosomal miRNAs to enhance cancer stemness and thus promote RCC progression, suggesting a new avenue based on CAF secreted miRNAs for more effective targeted therapies.
2022-11-09 | GSE213453 | GEO