Proteasome degradative activity regulates CD8+ T lymphocyte metabolism and fate specification
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE78750 | GEO | 2018/02/16
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:In spite of gathering evidence that ubiquitylation can direct non-degradative outcomes, most investigations of ubiquitylation in T cells remain focused on degradation. Here we integrated proteomic and transcriptomic datasets to establish a framework for predicting degradative or non-degradative outcomes of ubiquitylation in primary CD4+ T cells. Di-glycine remnant proteomics revealed ubiquitylated proteins, while whole cell proteomic and transcriptomic data were used to predict whether ubiquitylated proteins showed evidence of degradation. Applying this analysis to ubiquitylated proteins with functions in TCR signaling led us to the prediction that early T cell activation promotes increased non-degradative ubiquitylation. Supporting this, we observed an increase in non-proteasome targeted K29, K33 and K63 polyubiquitin chains during T cell activation, while K48 chains appeared unchanged. This study reveals over 1,200 proteins that are ubiquitylated in primary CD4+ T cells and supports the relevance of non-proteasomally targeted ubiquitin chains in T cell signaling.
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Project description:T lymphocytes responding to microbial infection give rise to effector cells that mediate acute host defense and memory cells that provide long-lived immunity, but the fundamental question of when and how these cells arise remains unresolved. Here we combine single-cell gene expression analyses with machine-learning approaches to trace the transcriptional roadmap of individual CD8+ T lymphocytes throughout the course of an immune response in vivo. Gene expression signatures predictive of eventual fates could be discerned as early as the first T lymphocyte division and may be influenced by asymmetric partitioning of the interleukin-2 receptor during mitosis. These findings underscore the importance of single-cell analyses in understanding fate determination and provide new insights into the specification of divergent lymphocyte fates early during an immune response to microbial infection. The goal of the study was to profile the gene expression in single CD8+ T cells responding in vivo to a microbial infection over multiple timepoints. 5 x 103 CD8+ CD45.1+ T cells transgenic for the OT-1 T cell receptor (which recognizes Listeria monocytogenes expressing ovalbumin (Lm-ova)) were adoptively transferred into congenic wild-type CD45.2 C57/B6J recipients, followed by infection intravenously one day later with 5 x 103 colony-forming units (CFU) of Lm-OVA. Splenocytes were isolated from recipient mice at 5, 7, or 45 days post-infection. To isolate cells at 3 days post-infection, 2 x 104 OT-1 CD8+ T cells were adoptively transferred. To isolate cells that had undergone their first division, 2 x 106 OT-1 CD8+ T cells were first labeled with carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) prior to adoptive transfer and recipient mice were sacrificed at 48 hours post-infection. Unactivated naM-CM-/ve OT-1 CD45.1+ CD8+ T cells were also included. Cells were stained with fluorochrome-labeled antibodies against CD8, CD44, CD4, CD11b, CD11c, and F4/80, and sorted on a MoFlo (Beckman Coulter) or FACS Aria II (BD Biosciences) flow cytometer. The Ct value for each gene analyzed in each individual cell at each time point is reported in the Matrix non-normalized. The 94 ABI TaqMan Assay IDs are listed on the left (A2-A96), along with the accession number (B2-B96) and corresponding gene name (C2-C96) of each gene studied. The Il2 gene expression assay was duplicated. Each heading (D1-BCV)) represents a single cell from each of 13 timepoints or T cell subset that were profiled. The timepoints/T cell subsets and number of each cells profiled from each timepoint/T cell subset were: unactivated naM-CM-/ve (149 cells), distal daughter (48), proximal daughter (83), division 1 (144), day 3 post-infection (143), day 5 post-infection memory precursor (Tmp) (90), day 5 post-infection short-lived effector (Tsle) (79), day 5 post-infection (154), day 7 post-infection memory precursor Tmp (62), day 7 post-infection short-lived effector Tsle (89), day 7 post-infection (134), central memory Tcm (138), and effector memory Tem (136).
2014-03-02 | E-GEOD-54321 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:T lymphocytes responding to microbial infection give rise to effector cells that mediate acute host defense and memory cells that provide long-lived immunity, but the fundamental question of when and how these cells arise remains unresolved. Here we combine single-cell gene expression analyses with machine-learning approaches to trace the transcriptional roadmap of individual CD8+ T lymphocytes throughout the course of an immune response in vivo. Gene expression signatures predictive of eventual fates could be discerned as early as the first T lymphocyte division and may be influenced by asymmetric partitioning of the interleukin-2 receptor during mitosis. These findings underscore the importance of single-cell analyses in understanding fate determination and provide new insights into the specification of divergent lymphocyte fates early during an immune response to microbial infection.
2014-03-02 | GSE54321 | GEO
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Project description:Asymmetric partitioning of fate-determinants is a mechanism that contributes to T cell differentiation. However, it remained unclear whether the ability of T cells to divide asymmetrically is influenced by their differentiation state, as well as if enforcing asymmetric cell division rates would have an impact on T cell differentiation and memory formation. Using the murine LCMV infection model, we established a correlation between cell stemness and the ability of CD8+ T cells to undergo asymmetric cell division (ACD). Transient mTOR inhibition proved to increase ACD rates in naïve and memory cells, and to install this ability in exhausted CD8+ T cells. Functionally, enforced ACD correlated with increased memory potential, leading to more efficient recall response and viral control upon acute or chronic LCMV infection. Moreover, transient mTOR inhibition also increased ACD rates in human CD8+ T cells. Transcriptional profiling of first daughter cells, obtained by sorting CD8lo and CD8hi cells after in vitro stimulation, revealed that progenies emerging from enforced ACD exhibited more pronounced early memory signatures, which functionally endowed these cells with strengthened memory features.
2019-02-14 | E-MTAB-7651 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Proteasome degradative activity regulates CD8+ T lymphocyte metabolism and fate specification
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Project description:The 26S proteasome regulates general protein homeostasis and controls vital cellular processes, including cell division and transcriptional regulation. Cancer cells are dependent on the proper functioning of the proteasome to modulate gene expression networks that promote tumor growth. Proteasome inhibition has emerged as an effective therapeutic strategy, although mechanisms by which this approach achieves its outcomes remain unclear. We performed an integrative analysis of the transcriptome and chromatin landscape of MCF-7 breast cancer cells treated with a model proteasome inhibitor, MG132, to examine the consequences of proteasome inhibition on gene regulation. MG132 treatment initiated dynamic changes in chromatin accessibility at specific loci termed Differentially Open Chromatin Regions (DOCRs). DOCRs with increased accessibility were primarily distal to transcription start sites (TSS), while those with decreased accessibility were promoter proximal and distal to TSS. Promoter proximal DOCRs showed a unique chromatin architecture associated with distinct divergent transcription patterns. Conversely, DOCRs distal to TSS were enriched in oncogenic super enhancers that are predominantly accessible in non-basal compared to basal breast tumor subtypes. These data define distinct chromatin states and RNAPII transcription patterns, revealing molecular mechanisms by which the proteasome modulates the expression of gene networks intrinsic to breast cancer biology.
2024-03-13 | GSE241599 | GEO
Project description:The 26S proteasome regulates general protein homeostasis and controls vital cellular processes, including cell division and transcriptional regulation. Cancer cells are dependent on the proper functioning of the proteasome to modulate gene expression networks that promote tumor growth. Proteasome inhibition has emerged as an effective therapeutic strategy, although mechanisms by which this approach achieves its outcomes remain unclear. We performed an integrative analysis of the transcriptome and chromatin landscape of MCF-7 breast cancer cells treated with a model proteasome inhibitor, MG132, to examine the consequences of proteasome inhibition on gene regulation. MG132 treatment initiated dynamic changes in chromatin accessibility at specific loci termed Differentially Open Chromatin Regions (DOCRs). DOCRs with increased accessibility were primarily distal to transcription start sites (TSS), while those with decreased accessibility were promoter proximal and distal to TSS. Promoter proximal DOCRs showed a unique chromatin architecture associated with distinct divergent transcription patterns. Conversely, DOCRs distal to TSS were enriched in oncogenic super enhancers that are predominantly accessible in non-basal compared to basal breast tumor subtypes. These data define distinct chromatin states and RNAPII transcription patterns, revealing molecular mechanisms by which the proteasome modulates the expression of gene networks intrinsic to breast cancer biology.
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