Project description:Bovine tropical theileriosis is a major haemoprotozoan disease associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality particularly in exotic and crossbred cattle. It is one of the major constraints for of the livestock development programmes in India and southern Asia. Indigenous cattle (Bos indicus) are less affected by this disease than exotic and crossbred cattle. Genetic basis of resistance to tropical theileriosis in indigenous cattle is not well studied. Recent studies gives an idea that differentially genes expressed in exotic and indigenous breeds play an important role in breed specific resistance to tropical theileriosis. The present study was designed to visualize the global gene expression profiling in PBMCs derived from indigenous (Tharparkar) and crossbred cattle with in vitro infection of T. annulata. T. annulata Parbhani strain, originally isolated from Maharashtra (India) and maintained as cryopreserved stabilates of ground-up tick tissue sporozoite (GUTS) of infected H. anatolicum anatolicum was used as infective material. Two separate microarray experiments were carried out using separately each for crossbred and Tharparkar cattle. The crossbred cattle showed 1082 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Out of total DEGs, 597 genes were downregulated and 485 were upregulated. Their fold change varies from 2283.93 to -4816.02. Tharparkar cattle showed 875 differentially expressed genes. Out of total DEGs in Tharparkar cattle, 451 genes were downregulated and 424 genes were upregulated. Their fold change varies from 94.93 to -19.20. A subset of genes was validated by quantitative RT-PCR and results correlated well with data obtained from the microarrays indicating that the microarray results gave an accurate report of transcript level. Functional annotation study of differentially expressed genes has confirmed their involvement in various pathways including response to oxidative stress, immune system regulation, cell proliferation, cytoskeletal changes, kinases activity and apoptosis. Gene network analysis of these differentially expressed genes provided an effective way to understand the interaction among them. It is therefore, hypothesised that the dissimilar susceptibility to tropical theileriosis exhibited by indigenous and crossbred cattle is due to breed-specific differences in the interaction of infected cells with other immune cells, which ultimately influences the immune response generated against T. annulata infection. Global gene expression profiling in PBMCs derived from indigenous (Tharparkar) and crossbred cattle were studied after in vitro infection of T. annulata Parbhani strain at 2h time period. Two separate microarray experiments were carried out using Bovine (V2) Gene Expression Microarray, 4x44K (Agilent). Two biological replicate samples were profiled per condition (i.e. replicates samples each in crossbred and Tharparkar cattle).

Project description:Bovine tropical theileriosis is a major haemoprotozoan disease associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality particularly in exotic and crossbred cattle. It is one of the major constraints for of the livestock development programmes in India and southern Asia. Indigenous cattle (Bos indicus) are less affected by this disease than exotic and crossbred cattle. Genetic basis of resistance to tropical theileriosis in indigenous cattle is not well studied. Recent studies gives an idea that differentially genes expressed in exotic and indigenous breeds play an important role in breed specific resistance to tropical theileriosis. The present study was designed to visualize the global gene expression profiling in PBMCs derived from indigenous (Tharparkar) and crossbred cattle with in vitro infection of T. annulata. T. annulata Parbhani strain, originally isolated from Maharashtra (India) and maintained as cryopreserved stabilates of ground-up tick tissue sporozoite (GUTS) of infected H. anatolicum anatolicum was used as infective material. Two separate microarray experiments were carried out using separately each for crossbred and Tharparkar cattle. The crossbred cattle showed 1082 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Out of total DEGs, 597 genes were downregulated and 485 were upregulated. Their fold change varies from 2283.93 to -4816.02. Tharparkar cattle showed 875 differentially expressed genes. Out of total DEGs in Tharparkar cattle, 451 genes were downregulated and 424 genes were upregulated. Their fold change varies from 94.93 to -19.20. A subset of genes was validated by quantitative RT-PCR and results correlated well with data obtained from the microarrays indicating that the microarray results gave an accurate report of transcript level. Functional annotation study of differentially expressed genes has confirmed their involvement in various pathways including response to oxidative stress, immune system regulation, cell proliferation, cytoskeletal changes, kinases activity and apoptosis. Gene network analysis of these differentially expressed genes provided an effective way to understand the interaction among them. It is therefore, hypothesised that the dissimilar susceptibility to tropical theileriosis exhibited by indigenous and crossbred cattle is due to breed-specific differences in the interaction of infected cells with other immune cells, which ultimately influences the immune response generated against T. annulata infection.

Project description:We evaluated liver transcriptome throughout gestation and early lactation of purebred and crossbred beef cows (Angus, Hereford and their F1 crossbreeds, CR), grazing high or low herbage allowances (HA) of native grasslands (4 and 2.5 kg DM/kg BW annual mean; n = 16) using an Agilent 4x44k bovine array. A total of 4,661 transcripts were affected by days (272 M-bM-^IM-% 2.5-fold difference, FDR M-bM-^IM-$ 0.10) and 47 pathways were altered during winter gestation (-165 to -15 days relative to calving, d). Gluconeogenesis and fatty acid oxidation pathways were substantially upregulated, while cell growth, DNA replication and transcription pathways were downregulated (FDR M-bM-^IM-$ 0.25). We observed only small changes in the liver transcriptome during the early lactation period (+15 to +60 d). A total of 225 genes were differentially expressed (47 M-bM-^IM-% 2-fold difference, FDR M-bM-^IM-$ 0.10) between HA. The majority of those were related to glucose and pyruvate metabolism and were upregulated in high HA, reflecting their better metabolic status. Two genes were upregulated in CR cows, but 148 transcripts (74 M-bM-^IM-% 2-fold change difference, FDR M-bM-^IM-$ 0.10) were affected by the HA and cow genotype interaction. The transcriptional changes observed indicates a complex and previously unrecognized adaptive program in beef cow liver. We report novel candidate genes, metabolic pathways, and regulatory mechanisms, which can be used as targets of future studies. Complete randomized block design with two spatial replications and a factorial arrangement of herbage allowance (HA) and cow genotype (CG). Herbage allowance treatments represented 4 and 2.5 kg DM/kg BW of annual mean (HI and LO, respectively). Four purebred (PU M-bM-^@M-^S Hereford, H and Angus, A) and four crossbred (CR - F1, HA and AH) multiparous pregnant cows (5 to 6 year-old), were evaluated per treatment (HI-CR, HI-PU, LO-CR, and LO-PU) throughout the gestation and lactation period (-165 to +60 days relative to parturition, days). Cows belonged to or were descendants of experimental animals generated as part of a diallel crossbreeding experiment carried out for 10 years at the Experimental Station and were assigned to the same forage allowance (HI or LO) since May 2007 and gestated and lactated one calf every year from 2007 to 2009.

Dataset Information

Comparison of crossbred and purebred cattle by bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed transcripts

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