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Profile of small interfering RNAs derived from Beet black scorch virus and its associated satellite RNA in Nicotiana benthamiana

ABSTRACT: Co-infection of none-coding satellite RNAs (sat-RNAs) usually inhibits replication and attenuates disease symptoms of helper viruses. Here we find that the sat-RNA of Beet black scorch virus (BBSV) enhances both the accumulation and the systemic infection of its helper virus in the Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana). Besides, the infection of BBSV is higher efficient in low temperature (18ºC) than room temperature (25ºC), suggesting that BBSV is temperature sensitive. To explore the effect of temperature and sat-RNA on the silencing induced by BBSV, we cloned and sequenced the total small RNAs produced during infection of BBSV alone or with its sat-RNA under different temperature. Our results shows that the size profile of the siRNAs derived from either BBSV or coinfection with sat-RNA are 22 nucleotide (nt), followed by 21-nt reads and other length reads. Notably, more than 80% of the total small RNAs sequenced from plants infected with BBSV alone were BBSV-siRNAs, whereas the abundance of sat-RNA-derived siRNAs were higher than BBSV-siRNAs in the co-infected plants, indicating sat-RNA involved in gene silencing as a surrogacy of BBSV. Interestingly, the 5′ termini of siRNAs derived from BBSV and sat-RNA were dominated by Uridines (U) and Adenines (A), respectively. Consistently, the infection of BBSV alone or with sat-RNA induces high accumulation of Argonaute 1 (AGO1) and AGO2, respectively. Our work reveals the profiles of siRNAs of BBSV and sat-RNA and provides a new clue to investigate the complicated interaction between the helper virus and sat-RNA.

ORGANISM(S): Nicotiana benthamiana

PROVIDER: GSE80694 | GEO | 2017/02/09

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA319720

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Hypersensitive response-related programmed cell death (PCD) has been extensively analyzed in various plant–virus interactions. However, little is known about changes in gene expression associated with cell death caused by compatible viruses. The synergistic interaction of Potato virus X (PVX) with Plum pox virus (PPV) results in increased symptoms that lead to systemic necrosis (SN) in Nicotiana benthamiana. Here, we performed three transcriptome comparisons in response to i) a PVX recombinant virus expressing the helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) gene from PPV that leads to SN, ii) a systemic incompatible interaction conferred by the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-resistance gene N (SHR), and iii) the depletion of the PBE subunit of the proteasome that leads to PCD by virus induced gene silencing (VIGS Prot), at early and late stages of infection. Our analysis indicated that the SN response was clustered with SHR by the similarity of their overall gene expression profiles. However, the expression profiles of defence-related and hormone-responsive genes in response to SN were more closely related to the response to VIGS Prot than to that elicited by SHR. This suggests the potential contribution of proteasome dysfunction to the increase in pathogenicity observed in PVX-potyvirus infections We compare the gene expression profiles of Nicotiana benthamiana plants infected with either necrosis-inducing viruses or non-necrosis-inducing viruses, as follow: PVX/HCWT-infected plants versus plants infected with a PVX recombinant virus expressing a PPV HC-Pro mutant (PVX/HCLH) that was unable to induce the SN response (SN comparison), at 7 and 11 days postinoculation (dpi), (ii) TRV:NbPBE-silenced plants versus plants infected with the TRV empty vector (VIGS Prot comparison), at 4 and 8 days after infiltration (dpa), and (iii) TMV-GFP-infected, N-transgenic plants versus wild-type plants infected with TMV-GFP (SHR comparison), at 24 and 72 hours after temperature shift (hts). Per time and treatment, three independent biological replicates were used to monitor differences in gene expression between treatments

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Profile of small interfering RNAs derived from Beet black scorch virus and its associated satellite RNA in Nicotiana benthamiana

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