Achilles is a circadian clock controlled gene that regulates innate immune function in Drosophila
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster
PROVIDER: GSE80738 | GEO | 2017/04/28
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA319893
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:The circadian clock is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that drives rhythmic expression of downstream genes. The core circadian clock drives the expression of clock-controlled genes either directly or indirectly, which in turn play critical roles in carrying out many rhythmic physiological processes. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms by which clock output genes orchestrate rhythmic signals from the brain to peripheral tissues are largely unknown. Here we explored the role of one rhythmic gene, Achilles, in regulating the rhythmic transcriptome in fly heads. Achilles is a clock-controlled gene in Drosophila that encodes a putative RNA-binding protein. Achilles expression is not detectable in core clock neurons using in-situ hybridization, although its expression is found in neurons throughout the fly brain. Together, these observations argue against a role for Achilles in regulating the core clock. To assess its impact on circadian mRNA rhythms, we performed RNA sequencing (RNAseq) to compare the rhythmic transcriptomes of control flies and those with diminished Achilles expression in all neurons. Consistent with previous observations, we observe dramatic upregulation of immune response genes upon knock-down of Achilles. Furthermore, a subset of circadian mRNAs lose their rhythmicity in Achilles knock-down flies, suggesting that a subset of the rhythmic transcriptome is regulated either directly or indirectly by Achilles. These Achilles-mediated rhythms include many genes involved in immune function and neuronal signaling such as Prosap, Nemy and Jhl-21. Comparison of RNAseq data from control flies reveal that only 42.7% of clock-controlled genes in the fly brain are rhythmic in both males and females. As mRNA rhythms of core clock genes are largely invariant between the sexes, this observation suggests that sex-specific mechanisms are an important, and heretofore under-appreciated, regulator of the rhythmic transcriptome.
2018-12-31 | GSE120100 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC5316375 | biostudies-literature
Project description:To compare circadian gene expression within highly discrete neuronal populations, we separately purified and characterized two adjacent but distinct groups of Drosophila adult circadian neurons: the 8 small and 10 large PDF (pigment-dispersing factor)-expressing ventral lateral neurons (s-LNvs and l-LNvs, respectively). The s-LNvs are the principal circadian pacemaker cells, whereas recent evidence indicates that the l-LNvs are involved in sleep and light-mediated arousal. Although half of the l-LNv-enriched mRNA population including core clock mRNAs is shared between the l-LNvs and s-LNvs, the other half is l-LNv- and s-LNv specific. The distribution of four specific mRNAs is consistent with prior characterization of the four encoded proteins and therefore indicates successful purification of the two neuronal types. Moreover, an octopamine receptor mRNA is selectively enriched in l-LNvs, and only these neurons respond to in vitro application of octopamine. Dissection and purification of l-LNvs from flies collected at different times indicate that these neurons contain cycling clock mRNAs with higher circadian amplitudes as well as at least a 10-fold higher fraction of oscillating mRNAs than all previous analyses of head RNA. Many of these cycling l-LNv mRNAs are well-expressed but do not cycle or cycle much less well elsewhere in heads. The results suggest that RNA cycling is much more prominent in circadian neurons than elsewhere in heads and may be particularly important for the functioning of these neurons.
2010-07-15 | GSE22308 | GEO
Project description:We have compared the gene expression profile of post-natal 1 day and 7 day rat Achilles tendons. Post-natal 1 day and 7 day rat Achilles tendons were collected. Each sample contains at least two individuals. Total RNA was extracted and fragmented biotin-tagged cRNA was hybridized to Rat Genome 230 2.0 Array.
2015-07-10 | E-GEOD-70459 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC2386553 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Tendon is a highly aligned connective tissue, in which the macro-structure consists of collagen-rich fascicles surrounded by interfascicular matrix (IFM). In a series of recent studies in equine tissue, we have demonstrated specialisation of tendon composition, structure and mechanics to achieve the tendon’s functional requirements, specifically reporting extensive specialisation of the IFM region in the energy storing superficial digital flexor tendon. We have also demonstrated loss of functional specialisms with ageing, leading to a hypothesised new paradigm for tendinopathy, focused on the importance of the IFM. However, to date, there have been no studies focused on structure-function specialisation or the IFM in functionally distinct human tendons. Here, we compare the positional anterior tibialis tendon and energy storing Achilles tendon, performing a detailed analysis of the composition and mechanical properties of both fascicle and IFM regions, to test the hypothesis that the IFM in the energy storing Achilles tendon has specialised composition and mechanical properties, and that these specialisations are lost with ageing. We demonstrate that the IFM is specialised in the energy storing Achilles tendon, with greater elasticity and fatigue resistance than in the positional anterior tibialis tendon. While there were few age-related alterations in mechanics, we did identify age-related alterations in the IFM proteome of the Achilles tendon specifically, which is predicted to be regulated by TGF-beta signalling and may be responsible for the trend towards decreased fatigue resistance observed in the Achilles IFM with ageing.
2020-11-11 | PXD018212 | Pride
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6431209 | biostudies-literature
Project description:To compare circadian gene expression within highly discrete neuronal populations, we separately purified and characterized two adjacent but distinct groups of Drosophila adult circadian neurons: the 8 small and 10 large PDF (pigment-dispersing factor)-expressing ventral lateral neurons (s-LNvs and l-LNvs, respectively). The s-LNvs are the principal circadian pacemaker cells, whereas recent evidence indicates that the l-LNvs are involved in sleep and light-mediated arousal. Although half of the l-LNv-enriched mRNA population including core clock mRNAs is shared between the l-LNvs and s-LNvs, the other half is l-LNv- and s-LNv specific. The distribution of four specific mRNAs is consistent with prior characterization of the four encoded proteins and therefore indicates successful purification of the two neuronal types. Moreover, an octopamine receptor mRNA is selectively enriched in l-LNvs, and only these neurons respond to in vitro application of octopamine. Dissection and purification of l-LNvs from flies collected at different times indicate that these neurons contain cycling clock mRNAs with higher circadian amplitudes as well as at least a 10-fold higher fraction of oscillating mRNAs than all previous analyses of head RNA. Many of these cycling l-LNv mRNAs are well-expressed but do not cycle or cycle much less well elsewhere in heads. The results suggest that RNA cycling is much more prominent in circadian neurons than elsewhere in heads and may be particularly important for the functioning of these neurons. Gene expression was profiled in purified large PDF neurons across 4 time-points and small PDF neurons at two time-points under an LD cycle. Circadian neurons (PDF large and small cells), general neurons (ELAV) and per01:large PDF cells were labeled by GFP using specfic drivers. Expression of these cells types were profiled after manual cell sorting of GFP-positive cells at different time-points under a light/dark (LD) cycle. The time-points included ZT0, ZT6, ZT12, and ZT18 in the case of large PDF cells, and ZT0 and ZT12 in the case of small PDF cells, ELAV cells and per01:large PDF cells. 3 biological replicates were collected for the large PDF cells and ELAV cells at ZT0 and ZT12. 2 replicates were collected for large PDF cells at ZT6 and ZT18, small PDF cells, and per01:large PDF cells.
2010-07-15 | E-GEOD-22308 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Achilles-mediated and sex-specific regulation of circadian mRNA rhythms in Drosophila
| PRJNA491652 | ENA
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC2954144 | biostudies-literature