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Regulated Capture of Vk Gene Topologically Associating Domains by Transcription Factories

ABSTRACT: Antigen receptor gene recombination requires stochastic, monoallelic choice of a single variable gene in each lymphocyte progenitor. However, how this occurs remains unknown. Herein, we report that prior to Vκ to Jκ gene recombination, Igκ alleles reside within spatially different nuclear niches defined by elongating RNA Polymerase II (e-Pol II) and cyclin D3 complexes assembled on the nuclear matrix. Upon cell cycle exit, and cyclin D3 downregulation, only the Vκ allele in the more constrained e-Pol II niche was transcribed. Chromatin modeling and single cell RNA-seq revealed that the nuclear niche favored Vκ flanking CTCF sites, thus shaping the transcribed repertoire. Furthermore, multiple contiguous Vκs oriented away from CTCF sites were preferentially transcribed. Cyclin D3 also repressed monoallelic protocadherin and olfactory genes. These studies of Igκ reveal a general mechanism by which regulated, stochastic chromatin loop capture by fixed e-Pol II complexes generates diversity and couples cell cycle exit to monogenic choice.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE84705 | GEO | 2018/08/08

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Mus musculus

Project description:Clonally stable Vκ allelic choice instructs Igκ repertoire

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2022-12-05 | GSE193967 | GEO

Enhancer-instructed chromatin folding and compartmentalization dictate Vκ repertoire rearrangement to combat bacterial infection [CUT&RUN]

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Enhancer-instructed chromatin folding and compartmentalization dictate Vκ repertoire rearrangement to combat bacterial infection [ATAC-seq]

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Phosphorylated MED1 Links Transcription Recycling and Cancer Growth

Project description:Mammalian RNA polymerase II (Pol II) initiation, elongation, termination and reinitiation are well studied, but how Pol II dynamically recycles after the transcription cycle remains unclear. By establishing in vitro and in vivo transcription recycling systems, we find that human Mediator 1 (MED1), when phosphorylated at the mammal-specific threonine 1032 by cyclin-dependent kinase 9, dynamically travels with Pol II throughout the transcribed genes to drive Pol II recycling. Mechanistically, MED1 phosphorylation leads to an increase of recycled Pol II via the molecular bridge of MED31, enhancing mRNA output during the transcription recycling process. Importantly, MED1 phosphorylation increases during prostate cancer progression to the lethal phase, and pharmacological inhibition of CDK9 decreases prostate tumor growth through decreasing MED1 phosphorylation and Pol II recycling. Our findings reveal essential mechanisms underlying Pol II recycling and suggest a neglected, yet fundamental Pol II transcription process for therapeutic intervention.

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CDK12 and Integrator-PP2A complex Modulates LEO1 Phosphorylation for Processive Transcription Elongation

Project description:Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) interacts with Cyclin K to form a functional nuclear kinase that promotes processive transcription elongation through phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) C-terminal domain (CTD). To gain a broader understanding of CDK12 cellular function, we used chemical-genetic and phosphoproteomic screening to identify a landscape of nuclear human CDK12 substrates, including regulators of transcription, chromatin organization, and RNA splicing. We further validated LEO1, a subunit of the PAF1 complex (PAF1C), as a bona fide cellular substrate of CDK12. Acute depletion of LEO1, or substituting LEO1 phosphorylation sites with alanine, attenuated PAF1C association with elongating Pol II and impaired processive transcription elongation. We also found that LEO1 interacts with, and is dephosphorylated by, the Integrator-PP2A complex (INTAC) and that INTAC promotes the association of PAF1C with Pol II. Together, this study reveals a previously unknown role for CDK12 and INTAC in regulating LEO1 phosphorylation for transcriptional regulation, providing important insights into gene transcription and its regulation.

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Expression data from vehicle or PD-0332991 treated human T-ALL lines

Project description:Cyclin D3 is critical hematopoiesis and loss of cyclin D3 leads to resistance to transformation of bone marrow progenitors by Notch1-IC. We used a small molecule targeting cyclin D3:CDK4/6 activity to study whether its inhibition is an effective therapeutic strategy. We analyzed T-ALL lines in vitro with PD-0332991 or vehicle control to determine genes affected by the drug.

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Nuclear actin is required for transcription during Drosophila oogenesis [ChIP-seq]

Project description:We demonstrate that actin interacts with essentially all transcribed genes and co-occupies most gene promoters together with RNA polymerase II (Pol II). On highly expressed genes, actin and Pol II can be found also on the gene bodies.

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Discovery of RUF6 ncRNA interacting proteins involved in P. falciparum immune evasion

Project description:RUF6 is a ncRNA gene family that is transcribed by RNA Polymerase III but actively regulates the Pol II-transcribed var virulence gene family. Understanding how RUF6 ncRNA connect to downstream effectors is lacking. We developed an RNA-directed proteomic discovery (ChIRP-MS) protocol to identify in vivo RUF6 ncRNA protein interactions. The RUF6 ncRNA interactome was purified with biotinylated antisense oligonucleotides. Quantitative label-free mass spectrometry identified several unique proteins linked to gene transcription including. Affinity purification of Pf-DDX5 identified proteins originally found by our RUF6-ChIRP protocol, validating the technique’s robustness for identifying ncRNA interactomes in P. falciparum. Our work identifies a RUF6 ncRNA protein complex that interacts with RNA Pol II to sustain var gene expression.

2022-11-15 | PXD036801 | Pride

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