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Bleomycin-induced Lung Fibrosis for Comparison with Chronic LPS Exposure

ABSTRACT: Chronic LPS inhalation causes submucosal thickening and airway narrowing. To address the hypothesis that environmental airway disease is, in part, a fibroproliferative lung disease, we exposed C57BL/6 mice daily to LPS by inhalation for up to two months followed by one month of recovery. C57BL/6 mice exposed to daily inhaled LPS had significantly enhanced mRNA expression of TGF-beta1, TIMP-1, fibronectin-1, and pro-collagen types I, III, and IV and show prominent submucosal expression of the myofibroblast markers desmin and alpha-smooth muscle actin. To identify novel candidate genes that contribute to airway fibroproliferation, we performed microarray analysis on total lung RNA from mice exposed to LPS for one week. This analysis revealed a distinct subset of genes known to regulate ECM homeostasis. To further identify candidate genes specifically involved in generic fibroproliferation we interrogated this analysis with genes induced in C57BL/6 mouse lung by bleomycin. This analysis yielded a list of 212 genes in common. Prominent among which are genes know to be important in maintenance of bone homeostasis and which may play a central role in ECM homeostasis in the lung. These results suggest that there is a common subset of genes that regulate fibroproliferation in the lung independent of etiologic agent and site of injury. Keywords: mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis; timecourse

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE8553 | GEO | 2008/03/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA105373

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Acute lung inflammation can alter the pulmonary function of susceptible individuals and exacerbate the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory lung diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis and asthma. Exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or endotoxin, a constituent of outer cell membrane of gram negative bacteria, induces airway inflammation that is primarily characterized by increased polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) at early time points. Because LPS is present in variety of occupational and home environments and is an active constituent of cigarette smoke it is a risk factor for increasing prevalence and severity of non-occupational COPD, for adult onset of asthma and for wheezing in children. In airway epithelial cells, LPS stimulation increases mucin gene expression and mucous production. Hypersecretion of mucus overwhelms the ciliary clearance and obstructs airways, causing morbidity and mortality in chronic inflammatory respiratory lung diseases. In addition, acute bacterial infection contributes to the exacerbation of chronic airway diseases, specifically in advanced COPD and CF subjects, leading to increased healthcare burden and higher mortality. Bcl-2, a prosurvival protein that inhibits cell death plays a key role in normal cellular homeostasis and regulates the integrity of the mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Gain- and loss-of-function studies showed that Bcl-2 expression sustains hyperplastic epithelial cells, and Bcl-2 expression is elevated in airway epithelial cells of subjects with cystic fibrosis and asthma. The present study investigated which inflammatory mediators induce mucous cell metaplasia and Bcl-2 expression following LPS exposure. Microarray analyses of mRNA from airway epithelial cells captured by laser microdissection from rat lungs snap-frozen at day 0 and 2 post LPS exposure were analyzed. Microarray analysis of mRNA from airway epithelial cells captured by laser microdissection from rat lungs snap-frozen at day 0 and day 2 post LPS exposure was performed to identify inflammatory mediators modulated by LPS exposure. Specific pathogen-free F344/NCrR male rats of 8–10 wk of age (from NCI, Frederick, MD) were exposed to LPS (1000 ug in 0.5 ML Saline) and rats were sacrificed on day 0 and day 2 of LPS exposure. Right lungs were snap-frozen in OCT and airway epithelial cells were captured by laser-dissection microsopy to extract RNA. Gene expression data from nonexposed rats (0d) was used a control.

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Bleomycin-induced Lung Fibrosis for Comparison with Chronic LPS Exposure

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