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Functional characterization of a WRKY transcription factor involved in the regulation of vacuolar transport and flavonoid biosynthesis in petunia

ABSTRACT: The WRKY family represents a plant-specific class of zinc-finger transcription factors (TF) well known for regulating abiotic and biotic stress tolerance and also for their emergent role in the control of various developmental and physiological processes (Rushton et al. 2010, Schluttenhofer et al. 2015). The well-characterized AtTTG2, PhPH3 and BnTTG2 are ortholog WRKY proteins with interchangeable functions ascribed to an emergent clade whose regulatory functions are mainly associated with vacuolar metabolism (Li et al. 2015, Verweij et al. 2016, Gonzalez et al. 2016). In particular, PH3 of Petunia hybrida and TTG2 of Arabidopsis thaliana both act in the control of vacuolar pH and trafficking influencing the deposition of secondary metabolites in the petal epidermal cells and in the seed coat, respectively (Verweij et al. 2016, Gonzalez et al. 2016). In this study we functional characterized VvWRKY26 identified as the closest grapevine homolog of PhPH3 and AtTTG2 (Wang et al. 2014; Verweij et al. 2016). VvWRKY26 can fulfil the PH3 function in the regulation of vacuolar pH and impact many aspects of transport when constitutively expressed in petunia ph3 mutant. By a global correlation analysis of gene expression and by transient over-expression in Vitis vinifera cv. Sultana, we showed transcriptomic relationships of VvWRKY26 with many genes related to acidification and trafficking in grapevine. Moreover, our results indicate an involvement in flavonoid pathway mainly in the control in PA biosynthesis in grapevine that is supported by its expression profile. Overall, with the identification of VvWRKY26 our studies might pave the way towards the comprehension of regulatory mechanism underlying the acidification that contributes to the final berry quality traits.

ORGANISM(S): Petunia x hybrida

PROVIDER: GSE86890 | GEO | 2017/03/08

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA342841

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:CD47 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is ubiquitously expressed in different organs and tissues (Barclay and Van den Berg 2014; Liu, et al. 2017). In the human immune system, CD47 interacts with some integrins, two counter-receptor signal regulator protein (SIRP) family members, and the secreted thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) (Barclay and Van den Berg 2014; Gao, et al. 2016; Kaur, et al. 2013; Oldenborg, et al. 2000). CD47 has two established roles in the immune system. The CD47-SIRPα interaction was identified as a critical innate immune checkpoint, which delivers an antiphagocytic signal to macrophages and inhibits neutrophil cytotoxicity (Martínez- Sanz, et al. 2021). Its interaction with inhibitory SIRPα is a physiological anti-phagocytic “don’t eat me” signal on circulating red blood cells that is co-opted by cancer cells (Matlung, et al. 2017). Many malignant cells overexpress CD47 (Betancur, et al. 2017; Chao, et al. 2011; Jaiswal, et al. 2009; Majeti, et al. 2009; Oronsky, et al. 2020; Petrova, et al. 2017). CD47/SIRPα-targeted therapeutics have been developed to overcome this immune checkpoint for cancer treatment (Kaur, et al. 2020; Matlung, et al. 2017). Secondly, engagement of CD47 on T cells by TSP1 regulates their differentiation and survival (Grimbert, et al. 2006; Lamy, et al. 2007) and inhibits T cell receptor signaling and antigen presentation by dendritic cells (DCs) (Kaur, et al. 2014; Li, et al. 2002; Liu, et al. 2015; Miller, et al. 2013; Soto-Pantoja, et al. 2014; Weng, et al. 2014). TSP1/CD47 signaling has similar inhibitory functions to limit NK cell activation (Kim, et al. 2008; Nath, et al. 2018; Nath, et al. 2019; Schwartz, et al. 2019) and IL1β production by macrophages (Stein, et al. 2016). CD47 is therefore a checkpoint that regulates both innate and adaptive immunity. The recent understanding of CD47 antagonism associated with increased antigen presentation by DCs (Liu, et al. 2016) and natural killer cell cytotoxicity (Nath, et al. 2019) contributes to the heightened interest in CD47 as a therapeutic target (Kaur, et al. 2020).

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Functional characterization of a WRKY transcription factor involved in the regulation of vacuolar transport and flavonoid biosynthesis in petunia

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