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Constitutively active Akt induces ectodermal defects and impaired BMP signaling

ABSTRACT: Aberrant activation of the Akt pathway has been implicated in several human pathologies including cancer. However, current knowledge on the involvement of Akt signaling in development is limited. Previous data have suggested that Akt-mediated signaling may be an essential mediator of epidermal homeostasis through cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous mechanisms. Here we report the developmental consequences of deregulated Akt activity in the basal layer of stratified epithelia, mediated by the expression of a constitutively active Akt1 (myrAkt) in transgenic mice. Contrary to mice overexpressing wilt type Akt1 (Aktwt), these myrAkt mice display, in a dose-dependent manner, altered development of ectodermally derived organs such as hair, teeth, nails and epidermal glands. To identify the possible molecular mechanisms underlying these alterations, gene profiling approaches were employed. We demonstrate that constitutive Akt activity disturbs the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-dependent signaling pathway, which leads to alterations in adult epidermal stem cells. Collectively, we show that epithelial tissue development and homeostasis is dependent on proper regulation of Akt expression and activity. Keywords: ectodermal development, Akt1, skin, transgenic mice

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE9054 | GEO | 2007/10/25

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA102565

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Transcription profiling of transgenic mice L60, L84 and LA overexpressiong Akt vs controls (LC)

Project description:Aberrant activation of the Akt pathway has been implicated in several human pathologies including cancer. However, current knowledge on the involvement of Akt signaling in development is limited. Previous data have suggested that Akt-mediated signaling may be an essential mediator of epidermal homeostasis through cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous mechanisms. Here we report the developmental consequences of deregulated Akt activity in the basal layer of stratified epithelia, mediated by the expression of a constitutively active Akt1; (myrAkt) in transgenic mice. Contrary to mice overexpressing wilt type Akt1 (Aktwt), these myrAkt mice display, in a dose-dependent manner, altered development of ectodermally derived organs such as hair, teeth, nails and epidermal glands. To identify the possible molecular mechanisms underlying these alterations, gene profiling approaches were employed. We demonstrate that constitutive Akt activity disturbs the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-dependent signaling pathway, which leads to alterations in adult epidermal stem cells. Collectively, we show that epithelial tissue development and homeostasis is dependent on proper regulation of Akt expression and activity. Experiment Overall Design: Two (transgenic mice L60, L84 and LA) or three pools (control mice LC) from RNA whole skin extracts of same genotype were done and analyzed, individually, in mouse microarrays. Comparison was performed between the 4 different genotypes.

2008-06-16 | E-GEOD-9054 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Expression data from thymic lymphomas of Lck-MyrAkt positive mice with WT or KD mTOR expression

Project description:Lck-MyrAkt2 mice develop spontaneous thymic lymphomas at approximately 100-200 days of age, driven in part by a consitutatively-active AKT (due to myristoylation). mTOR Knock Down mice were crossed with Lck-MyrAkt postive mice to model the affects of decreasing mTOR activity on tumors with an activated PI3K/AKT/MTOR pathway. Lck-Akt/mTOR KD mice had prolonged survival compared to the Lck-Akt/mTOR WT mice. We used microarrays to compare the transcriptome in thymic lymphomas between Lck-Akt positive, mTOR WT and Lck-Akt positive, mTOR KD mice. Four thymic lymphomas from Lck-Akt/mTOR WT mice were compared to three thymic lymphomas from Lck-Akt/mTOR KD mice.

2015-09-15 | E-MTAB-3242 | biostudies-arrayexpress

PRMT5-mediated arginine methylation activates AKT kinase to govern tumorigenesis

Project description:AKT is involved in a number of key cellular processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis and metabolism. Hyperactivation of AKT is associated with many pathological conditions, particularly cancers. Emerging evidence indicates that arginine methylation is involved in modulating AKT signaling pathway. However, whether and how arginine methylation directly regulates AKT kinase activity remain unknown. Here we report that protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), but not other PRMTs, promotes AKT activation by catalyzing symmetric dimethylation of AKT1 at arginine 391 (R391). Mechanistically, AKT1-R391 methylation cooperates with phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5 trisphosphate (PIP3) to relieve the pleckstrin homology (PH)-in conformation, leading to AKT1 membrane translocation and subsequent activation by phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) and the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2). As a result, deficiency in AKT1-R391 methylation significantly suppresses AKT1 kinase activity and tumorigenesis. Lastly, we show that PRMT5 inhibitor synergizes with AKT inhibitor or chemotherapeutic drugs to enhance cell death. Altogether, our study suggests that R391 methylation is an important step for AKT activation and its oncogenic function.

2022-02-17 | PXD026071 | Pride

Comparison of Differences in Mouse Mammary gland gene expression data at POSTNATAL DAY 70 in Akt1wildtype versus Akt1-deficient mice

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2011-07-14 | E-GEOD-30671 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Expression Data from PtenF341V and Null Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts

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2014-12-19 | E-GEOD-64302 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Effect of cardiomyocyte specific KO of AKT1, AKT2, and AKT1 + AKT2 on gene expression profile of the heart

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2017-11-30 | GSE86231 | GEO

Gene expression analysis of Akt2 deficient murine naive CD4 T cells cultured in Th17-polarizing conditions for 36 hours

Project description:Akt1 and Akt2, isoforms of the serine threonine kinase Akt, are essential for T cell development. However, their role in peripheral T cell differentiation remains undefined. Using mice with germline deletions of either Akt1 or Akt2, we found that both isoforms are important for Th17 differentiation, although Akt2 loss had a greater impact than Akt1. To better understand the consequences of Akt2 deficiency in the setting of in vitro Th17 differentiation, we used microarray analysis to compare the transcriptional landscape of Akt2â/â and WT cells that had been cultured in Th17 polarizing conditions for 36 hours.

2016-07-03 | E-MTAB-4062 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Expression Data from Pten mutant epithelial cells

Project description:PTEN imparts tumor suppression in mice by cell autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms. Whether these two tumor suppressor roles are mediated through similar or distinct signaling pathways is not known. Here we generated and analyzed knockin mice that express a series of human cancer-derived mutant alleles of PTEN in either stromal or tumor cell compartments of mammary glands. We find that cell non-autonomous tumor suppression by Pten in stromal fibroblasts strictly requires activation of P-Akt signaling, whereas cell autonomous tumor suppression in epithelial tumor cells is independent of overt canonical pathway activation These findings expose distinct Akt-dependent and independent tumor suppressor functions of PTEN in stromal fibroblasts and tumor cells, respectively, that can be used to guide clinical care of breast cancer patients Wild type. PtenF341V, PtenWT/null, and Pten null CDH1 positive epithelials cells of mammary ducts from 8 week old female mice were isolated by FACS, RNA was extracted and Affymetrix gene expression arrays were performed.

2014-12-19 | E-GEOD-64303 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Effect of cardiomyocyte specific KO of AKT1 + AKT2 on gene expression profile of the heart

Project description:In the mammalian heart AKT1 and AKT2 are the isoforms of the protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B) which are predominantly expressed. AKT isoforms exert common and specific functions in the field of metabolism, cellular growth, apoptosis and cell migration. To identify specific and common functions of AKT1 and AKT2 isoforms, we generated tamoxifen-inducible, cardiomyocyte-specific AKT1+AKT2 double knockout mice (iCMAKT – KO mice). Inactivation of AKT isoforms was achieved by application of 4-OH-tamoxifen, which activates an OH-Tx inducible cre-recombinase expressed under the control of the αMHC-promoter (αMHC-mercremer). Transgenic mice expressing only the αMHCmercremer construct were also treated with OH-Tx and served as controls. To identify alterations in cardiac gene expression due to AKT deletion we analyzed gene expression profiles of control hearts and iCMAKT1+2 hearts.

2017-11-30 | GSE86230 | GEO

Comparison of Differences in Mouse Mammary gland gene expression data at POSTNATAL DAY 70 in Akt1wildtype versus Akt1-deficient mice

Project description:Akt1, a serine-threonine protein kinase member of the PKB/Akt gene family, plays a critical role in the regulation of several cellular processes including cell proliferation and apoptosis. In this study, we utilized Akt1+/+ and Akt1¬-/- C57/Bl6 female mice to demonstrate that Akt1 is required for normal mammary gland postnatal development and homeostasis. Akt1 deficiency resulted in severely delayed postnatal mammary gland growth as well as a significant decrease in the number of terminal end buds during puberty. Adult Akt1-/- mammary glands exhibited significantly fewer alveolar buds coupled with a significant increase in epithelial cell apoptosis compared to their wild-type counterparts. Microarray analysis revealed that Akt1 deficiency resulted in several altered gene expression changes and biological processes in adult mammary glands, including organismal development, cell death, and tissue morphology. Of particular importance, a significant decrease in expression of Btn1a1, a gene involved in milk lipid secretion, was observed in Akt1-/- mammary glands by both microarray and RT-PCR validation. Transcriptome analysis of Akt1 wild type and akt1-homozygous mouse mammary glands

2011-07-15 | GSE30671 | GEO

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