The PIF4 controlled auxin pathway contributes to hybrid vigor in Arabidopsis thaliana
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana
PROVIDER: GSE94547 | GEO | 2017/04/05
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA371457
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:F1 hybrids can outperform their parents in yield and vegetative biomass, features of hybrid vigor which form the basis of the hybrid seed industry. The yield advantage of the F1 is lost in the F2 and subsequent generations. In Arabidopsis, from F2 plants which have a F1 –like phenotype, we have by recurrent selection produced pure breeding F5/F6 lines “Hybrid Mimics”, in which the characteristics of the F1 Hybrid are stabilized. These Hybrid Mimic lines, like the F1 Hybrid, have larger leaves than the parent plant, the leaves having increased photosynthetic cell numbers, and in some lines increased size of cells, suggesting an increased supply of photosynthate. A comparison of the differentially expressed genes in the F1 Hybrid with those of eight Hybrid Mimic lines has identified metabolic pathways altered in both; these pathways include down regulation of defense response pathways and altered abiotic response pathways. F6 Hybrid Mimic lines are mostly homozygous at each locus in the genome yet retain the large F1-like phenotype. Many alleles in the F6 plants, when they are homozygous, have expression levels different to the level in the parent. We consider this altered expression to be a consequence of trans-regulation of genes from one parent by genes from the other parent. Transregulation could also arise from epigenetic modifications in the F1. The pure breeding Hybrid Mimics have been valuable in probing the mechanisms of hybrid vigor and may also prove to be useful hybrid vigor equivalents in agriculture.
2015-08-17 | GSE64740 | GEO
Project description:F1 hybrids can outperform their parents in yield and vegetative biomass, features of hybrid vigor which form the basis of the hybrid seed industry. The yield advantage of the F1 is lost in the F2 and subsequent generations. In Arabidopsis, from F2 plants which have a F1 –like phenotype, we have by recurrent selection produced pure breeding F5/F6 lines “Hybrid Mimics”, in which the characteristics of the F1 Hybrid are stabilized. These Hybrid Mimic lines, like the F1 Hybrid, have larger leaves than the parent plant, the leaves having increased photosynthetic cell numbers, and in some lines increased size of cells, suggesting an increased supply of photosynthate. A comparison of the differentially expressed genes in the F1 Hybrid with those of eight Hybrid Mimic lines has identified metabolic pathways altered in both; these pathways include down regulation of defense response pathways and altered abiotic response pathways. F6 Hybrid Mimic lines are mostly homozygous at each locus in the genome yet retain the large F1-like phenotype. Many alleles in the F6 plants, when they are homozygous, have expression levels different to the level in the parent. We consider this altered expression to be a consequence of trans-regulation of genes from one parent by genes from the other parent. Transregulation could also arise from epigenetic modifications in the F1. The pure breeding Hybrid Mimics have been valuable in probing the mechanisms of hybrid vigor and may also prove to be useful hybrid vigor equivalents in agriculture.
2015-08-17 | GSE64742 | GEO
Project description:Hybrid breeding is of economic importance in agriculture for increasing yield, yet the basis of the heterosis is not well understood. In Arabidopsis, crosses between different accessions produce hybrids with varied levels of heterosis relative to parental phenotypes in biomass. In all hybrids the advantages of the F1 hybrid is lost in the F2 for both phenotypic uniformity and yield gain. Success in generating F5/F6 Hybrid Mimic from the cross between C24 and Landsberg erecta (Ler) demonstrated that the large plant phenotype of the F1 hybrids can be stabilized. Hybrid Mimics selection was applied to Wassilewskija (Ws)/Ler and Col/Ler hybrids. The two hybrids showing different levels of heterosis. At 30 DAS, the Col/Ler hybrid generated Hybrid Mimics with rosette diameter and fresh weight equivalent to the F1 hybrid; Ws/Ler Hybrid Mimics outperformed the F1 hybrids in both the rosette size and biomass. Transcriptome analysis revealed up-regulation of cell wall biosynthesis and expansion genes could be a common pathway in increased size in Arabidopsis hybrids and Hybrid Mimics. Intercross of two independent Hybrid Mimic lines can further increase the biomass gain. Our results encourage the use of Hybrid Mimics for breeding and for investigating the molecular basis of heterosis.
2019-11-07 | GSE131682 | GEO
Project description:F1 hybrids can outperform their parents in yield and vegetative biomass, features of hybrid vigor which form the basis of the hybrid seed industry. The yield advantage of the F1 is lost in the F2 and subsequent generations. In Arabidopsis, from F2 plants which have a F1like phenotype, we have by recurrent selection produced pure breeding F5/F6 linesHybrid Mimics, in which the characteristics of the F1 Hybrid are stabilized. These Hybrid Mimic lines, like the F1 Hybrid, have larger leaves than the parent plant, the leaves having increased photosynthetic cell numbers, and in some lines increased size of cells, suggesting an increased supply of photosynthate. A comparison of the differentially expressed genes in the F1 Hybrid with those of eight Hybrid Mimic lines has identified metabolic pathways altered in both; these pathways include down regulation of defense response pathways and altered abiotic response pathways. F6 Hybrid Mimic lines are mostly homozygous at each locus in the genome yet retain the large F1-like phenotype. Many alleles in the F6 plants, when they are homozygous, have expression levels different to the level in the parent. We consider this altered expression to be a consequence of trans-regulation of genes from one parent by genes from the other parent. Transregulation could also arise from epigenetic modifications in the F1. The pure breeding Hybrid Mimics have been valuable in probing the mechanisms of hybrid vigor and may also prove to be useful hybrid vigor equivalents in agriculture. Plant Materials: Seeds were sterilized and sown onto plates containing MSN medium (MS salts supplemented with 1% (w/v) sucrose, pH7 with KOH, 0.6% wt/vol Noble agar). After 2 days at 4°C, the plates were transferred to a growth room with conditions of 22°C/18°C (day/night) and 16h light/8h dark cycle under Philips Cool Daylight TLD 58W/840 fluorescent tubes providing a photosynthetic photon flux density of 130 - 150 umol photons m-2·s-1 as measured using a quantum meter (Model MQ-200 calibrated for electric light source, Apogee). At 18 days after sowing (DAS), the plants were transferred to soil and grown to the reproductive stage in a growth room with controlled light conditions (OSRAM L 36W/865 LumLux Daylight, 130 - 150 umol photons m-2·s-1). To minimize the edge effects, the positioning of both plates and trays on the shelves was rotated every two days. All the plants were grown under the condition described above unless specified. Plant sample preparation and RNA extraction: For the transcriptomes of 15 DAS plants, the aerial tissues of 15 day seedlings were sampled. For the transcriptomes of plants at 28 DAS, the four largest leaves of 28 day plants from the parental lines (C24, Ler), the reciprocal Hybrids and eight F4 Hybrid Mimic lines were harvested. Each sample comprised a pool of five plants. Two biological replicates of each sample were sequenced. Total RNA was isolated using QIAGEN RNeasy MiniKitTM following the product instructions. To eliminate variation in experimental conditions in different positions in the growth room, nine F4 plant lines were divided into two batches to ensure plants were grown on the same shelves in each experiment. Parental lines C24 and Ler and the F1 Hybrid from which the F4 lines derived from were grown under the same conditions in each experiment as controls. The first batch including samples C24 (RepA and RepB), Ler (RepA and RepB), C24 x Ler F1, F4-L1-1, F4-L1-2, F4-L2-1, F4-L2-2 and F4-S-1 were grown under the condition describe above, we also sampled the five smallest C24 seedlings and five smallest Ler seedlings among the population (n = 50); the mRNA sequencing was performed by the Australian Genome Research Facility (AGRF). The second batch including C24 (RepC and RepD), Ler (RepC and RepD), Ler x C24 F1 Hybrid, F4-L3-1, F4-L3-2, F4-L4-1 and F4-L4-2 were grown in the same light intensity as above but under different light tubes (SYLVANIA PREMIUM extra FL36W/865 Super Daylight deluxe light tube). For the transcriptome of the two F6 Hybrid Mimic lines at 15 DAS, C24, Ler, Ler x C24 F1 Hybrids and three siblings from each F6 line (L3-1-1-2 and L4-2-1-2) were grown on MS medium (MS salts supplemented with 1% (w/v) sucrose, pH 5.7 with KOH, add 0.6% wt/vol agar) with controlled light conditions (SYLVANIA PREMIUM extra FL36W/865 Super Daylight deluxe, 130 - 150 umol photons m-2·s-1). The mRNA sequencing service was provided by AGRF on the Illumina platform, 100bp paired ends.
2015-08-17 | E-GEOD-64740 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:F1 hybrids can outperform their parents in yield and vegetative biomass, features of hybrid vigor which form the basis of the hybrid seed industry. The yield advantage of the F1 is lost in the F2 and subsequent generations. In Arabidopsis, from F2 plants which have a F1 âlike phenotype, we have by recurrent selection produced pure breeding F5/F6 lines âHybrid Mimicsâ, in which the characteristics of the F1 Hybrid are stabilized. These Hybrid Mimic lines, like the F1 Hybrid, have larger leaves than the parent plant, the leaves having increased photosynthetic cell numbers, and in some lines increased size of cells, suggesting an increased supply of photosynthate. A comparison of the differentially expressed genes in the F1 Hybrid with those of eight Hybrid Mimic lines has identified metabolic pathways altered in both; these pathways include down regulation of defense response pathways and altered abiotic response pathways. F6 Hybrid Mimic lines are mostly homozygous at each locus in the genome yet retain the large F1-like phenotype. Many alleles in the F6 plants, when they are homozygous, have expression levels different to the level in the parent. We consider this altered expression to be a consequence of trans-regulation of genes from one parent by genes from the other parent. Transregulation could also arise from epigenetic modifications in the F1. The pure breeding Hybrid Mimics have been valuable in probing the mechanisms of hybrid vigor and may also prove to be useful hybrid vigor equivalents in agriculture. Plant Materials: Seeds were sterilized and sown onto plates containing MSN medium (MS salts supplemented with 1% (w/v) sucrose, pH7 with KOH, 0.6% wt/vol Noble agar). After 2 days at 4°C, the plates were transferred to a growth room with conditions of 22 °C/18 °C (day/night) and 16h light/8h dark cycle under Philips Cool Daylight TLD 58W/840 fluorescent tubes providing a photosynthetic photon flux density of 130 - 150μmol photons m-2·s-1 as measured using a quantum meter (Model MQ-200 calibrated for electric light source, Apogee). At 18 days after sowing (DAS), the plants were transferred to soil and grown to the reproductive stage in a growth room with controlled light conditions (OSRAM L 36W/865 LumLux Daylight, 130 - 150μmol photons m-2·s-1). To minimize the edge effects, the positioning of both plates and trays on the shelves was rotated every two days. All the plants were grown under the condition described above unless specified. Plant sample preparation and RNA extraction: For the transcriptomes of 15 DAS plants, the aerial tissues of 15 day seedlings were sampled. For the transcriptomes of plants at 28 DAS, the four largest leaves of 28 day plants from the parental lines (C24, Ler), the reciprocal Hybrids and eight F4 Hybrid Mimic lines were harvested. Each sample comprised a pool of five plants. Two biological replicates of each sample were sequenced. Total RNA was isolated using QIAGEN RNeasy MiniKitTM following the product instructions. To eliminate variation in experimental conditions in different positions in the growth room, nine F4 plant lines were divided into two batches to ensure plants were grown on the same shelves in each experiment. Parental lines C24 and Ler and the F1 Hybrid from which the F4 lines derived from were grown under the same conditions in each experiment as controls. The first batch including samples C24 (RepA and RepB), Ler (RepA and RepB), C24 x Ler F1, F4-L1-1, F4-L1-2, F4-L2-1, F4-L2-2 and F4-S-1 were grown under the condition describe above, we also sampled the five smallest C24 seedlings and five smallest Ler seedlings among the population (n = 50); the mRNA sequencing was performed by the Australian Genome Research Facility (AGRF). The second batch including C24 (RepC and RepD), Ler (RepC and RepD), Ler x C24 F1 Hybrid, F4-L3-1, F4-L3-2, F4-L4-1 and F4-L4-2 were grown in the same light intensity as above but under different light tubes (SYLVANIA PREMIUM extra FL36W/865 Super Daylight deluxe light tube). For the transcriptome of the two F6 Hybrid Mimic lines at 15 DAS, C24, Ler, Ler x C24 F1 Hybrids and three siblings from each F6 line (L3-1-1-2 and L4-2-1-2) were grown on MS medium (MS salts supplemented with 1% (w/v) sucrose, pH 5.7 with KOH, add 0.6% wt/vol agar) with controlled light conditions (SYLVANIA PREMIUM extra FL36W/865 Super Daylight deluxe, 130 - 150μmol photons m-2·s-1). The mRNA sequencing service was provided by AGRF on the Illumina platform, 100bp paired ends.
2015-08-17 | E-GEOD-64742 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This dataset consists of germinal vesicle (GV) and metaphase II (MII) oocytes from B6, D2, and B6xD2 F1 mice. Oocytes from a single mother were pooled as one biological replicate to become one sample. The goal of the study was to explore the genetic effects on oocyte quality, and more specifically, to determine a viable explanation for the hybrid vigor phenotype displayed in F1 mice. This study is the first to combine oocytes of different stages and different genotypes (two parental inbred strains and F1 hybrid) into a single analysis capable of identifying molecular characteristics that distinguish F1 hybrids.
2019-05-08 | GSE114158 | GEO
Project description:we determine genome-wide binding profiles of a maize CCA1 homolog, ZmCCA1b, in maize inbreds and F1 hybrids at different times of the day. ZmCCA1b is characterized as a central clock regulator gene with evolutionarily conserved molecular and circadian functions and nonadditively expressed in F1 hybrid seedlings. ZmCCA1b binds to over 4,300 target genes in the maize genomes, of which annotation confirms energy metabolic pathways as the main output. We report that an altered temporal binding activity of ZmCCA1b in the hybrid seedlings, which increases expression of carbon fixation genes, increases carbon fixation rates and biomass, demonstrating a novel example of how circadian-regulatory networks directly contribute to growth vigor in maize hybrids. These results collectively offer new insights into clock-mediated regulation of growth vigor in hybrid plants and crops.
2016-06-30 | GSE67655 | GEO
Project description:we determine genome-wide binding profiles of a maize CCA1 homolog, ZmCCA1b, in maize inbreds and F1 hybrids at different times of the day. ZmCCA1b is characterized as a central clock regulator gene with evolutionarily conserved molecular and circadian functions and nonadditively expressed in F1 hybrid seedlings. ZmCCA1b binds to over 4,300 target genes in the maize genomes, of which annotation confirms energy metabolic pathways as the main output. We report that an altered temporal binding activity of ZmCCA1b in the hybrid seedlings, which increases expression of carbon fixation genes, increases carbon fixation rates and biomass, demonstrating a novel example of how circadian-regulatory networks directly contribute to growth vigor in maize hybrids. These results collectively offer new insights into clock-mediated regulation of growth vigor in hybrid plants and crops. Profiling genome-wide binding events of ZmCCA1b in the maize inbreds and F1 hybrids at ZT3, ZT9 and ZT15 using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (ChIP-seq). 2 biological replicates for each sample were used. Input DNA sample corresponding to each ChIP sample was also sequenced in parallel. We have developed a native antibody for the protein (GRMZM2G014902; epitope: residues 11-77) for the ChIP-seq study.
2016-06-30 | E-GEOD-67655 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Heterosis is a fundamental biological phenomenon characterized by the superior performance of a hybrid over its parents in many traits, but the underlying molecular basis remains elusive. To investigate whether DNA methylation plays a role in heterosis, we compared at single base-pair resolution the DNA methylomes of Arabidopsis Ler and C24 parental lines and their reciprocal F1 hybrids that exhibited heterosis for many quantitative traits. Both hybrids displayed increased DNA methylation across their entire genomes, especially in transposable elements. Interestingly, we found that increased methylation of the hybrid genomes predominantly occurred in regions that were differentially methylated in the two parents and covered by small RNAs (sRNAs), implying that the RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway may direct DNA methylation in hybrids. In addition, we found that 77 genes sensitive to remodeling of DNA methylation were transcriptionally repressed in both reciprocal hybrids, including genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and two circadian oscillator genes, CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 and LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL. Moreover, growth vigor of F1 hybrids was compromised by treatment with an agent that demethylates DNA, and by abolishing production of functional small RNAs due to mutations in Arabidopsis RNA methyltransferase HUA ENHANCER1. Together, our data suggest that genome-wide remodeling of DNA methylation directed by the RdDM pathway may play a role in hybrid vigor. Examination of small RNA sequencing in 2 Arabidopsis ecotypes and their reciprocal hybrids.
2011-12-22 | E-GEOD-34656 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Heterosis is a fundamental biological phenomenon characterized by the superior performance of a hybrid over its parents in many traits, but the underlying molecular basis remains elusive. To investigate whether DNA methylation plays a role in heterosis, we compared at single base-pair resolution the DNA methylomes of Arabidopsis Ler and C24 parental lines and their reciprocal F1 hybrids that exhibited heterosis for many quantitative traits. Both hybrids displayed increased DNA methylation across their entire genomes, especially in transposable elements. Interestingly, we found that increased methylation of the hybrid genomes predominantly occurred in regions that were differentially methylated in the two parents and covered by small RNAs (sRNAs), implying that the RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway may direct DNA methylation in hybrids. In addition, we found that 77 genes sensitive to remodeling of DNA methylation were transcriptionally repressed in both reciprocal hybrids, including genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and two circadian oscillator genes, CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 and LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL. Moreover, growth vigor of F1 hybrids was compromised by treatment with an agent that demethylates DNA, and by abolishing production of functional small RNAs due to mutations in Arabidopsis RNA methyltransferase HUA ENHANCER1. Together, our data suggest that genome-wide remodeling of DNA methylation directed by the RdDM pathway may play a role in hybrid vigor. Examination of mRNA sequencing in 2 Arabidopsis ecotypes and their reciprocal hybrids.
2011-12-22 | E-GEOD-34655 | biostudies-arrayexpress