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Lysolecithin as feed additive enhances collagen expression and villus length in the jejunum of broiler chickens

ABSTRACT: Adding lysolecithin to feed has reportedly improved the performance of broiler chickens. Lysolecithin is generated by phospholipase catalyzed hydrolysis of lecithin. The enzymatic reaction converts phospholipids into lysophospholipids, with lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) the primary product. Here we compared supplementation with a commercial lysolecithin (Lysoforte(R) Kemin Industries, Inc., Des Moines, IA) with comparable levels of purified LPC for effects on broilers. Despite no differences in weight gain during the starter period, we discovered a significant increase in average villus length in the jejunum with lysolecithin, but not with LPC. High-throughput gene expression microarray analyses revealed many more genes were regulated in the epithelium of jejunum by lysolecithin compared to LPC. The most upregulated genes and pathways were for collagen, extracellular matrix and integrins. Staining sections of jejunum with Sirius Red confirmed the increased deposition of collagen fibrils in villi of broilers fed lysolecithin but not LPC. Thus, lysolecithin elicits gene expression in the intestinal epithelium leading to enhanced collagen deposition and villus length. LPC alone as a supplement does not mimic these responses. Feed supplementation with lysolecithin triggers changes in the intestinal epithelium with the potential to improve overall gut health and performance.

ORGANISM(S): Gallus gallus

PROVIDER: GSE94622 | GEO | 2019/02/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Gallus gallus

Project description:Lysolecithin as feed additive enhances collagen expression and villus length in the jejunum of broiler chickens

| PRJNA371620 | ENA

Effects of rye inclusion in broilers

Project description:An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of rye, a model ingredient to increase gut viscosity, between 14 and 28 days of age on immune competence related parameters and performance of broiler. A total number of 960 one-day-old male Ross 308 chicks were weighed and randomly allocated to 24 pens (40 birds per pen), and the birds in every 8 replicate pens were assigned to one of three experimental diets including graded levels, 0%, 5%, and 10% of rye. Tested immune competence related parameters were composition of the intestinal microbiota, genes expression in gut tissue, and gut morphology. The inclusion of 5% or 10% rye in the diet (d14-28) resulted in decreased performance and litter quality, but in increased villus height and crypt depth in the small intestine (jejunum) of the broilers. Relative bursa and spleen weights were not affected by dietary inclusion of rye. In the jejunum, no effects on number and size of goblet cells, and only trends on microbiota composition in the digesta were observed. Dietary inclusion of rye affected expression of genes involved in cell cycle processes of the jejunal enterocyte cells, thereby influencing cell growth, cell differentiation and cell survival, which in turn were consistent with the observed differences in the morphology of the gut wall. In addition, providing rye-rich diets to broilers affected the complement and coagulation pathways, which are parts of the innate immune system. These pathways are involved in eradicating invasive pathogens. Overall, it can be concluded that inclusion of 5% or 10% rye to the grower diet of broilers had limited effects on performance. Ileal gut morphology, microbiota composition of jejunal digesta, and gene expression profiles of jejunal tissue, however, were affected by dietary rye inclusion level, indicating that rye supplementation to broiler diets might affect immune competence of the birds.

2017-04-19 | GSE94095 | GEO

Possible molecular mechanisms by which an essential oil blend from star anise, rosemary, thyme, and oregano and saponins increase the performance and ileal protein digestibility of growing broilers [Jejunum]

Project description:Individual male broilers (Cobb500; n=16) were allotted to 4 experimental diets containing either no phytogenic feed additives, an essential oil blend, saponin extract or a combination of both phytogenic preparations. Jejunum samples were used for transcriptome profiling.

2017-12-31 | GSE95559 | GEO

MiRNAome of dry cows transitioned from forage to 65% grain diet

Project description:This study aimed to explore the changes in miRNAome in the rumen epithelium during diet transition from forage to high-grain and the modulation through supplementation with phytogenic feed additives (PHY).

2021-09-24 | GSE184578 | GEO

Robust Three-dimensional (3D) Expansion of Bovine Intestinal Stem Cells: A Model for Replacement of Animal Experiments Toward Animal Welfare

Project description:we successfully developed bovine intestinal organoids representing typical crypt-villus and epithelium’s characteristics from bovine small intestinal (jejunum) crypts

2021-07-28 | GSE163425 | GEO

Clump sequencing exposes the spatial expression programs of intestinal secretory cells

Project description:We molecularly characterized Clumps and single cells from Jejunum. This enable us to uncover the zonation of rare secretory cells on crypt to villus axis.

2021-04-07 | GSE154714 | GEO

Methionine supplementation and radiation in mouse jejunum

Project description:Methionine supplementation exarcerbates radiation injury in the mouse jejunum

2018-03-09 | GSE111558 | GEO

Gall&Pin2022 - ODE model of the intestinal epithelium

Project description:We developed a compartmental model of the small intestinal epithelium that describes stem and progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation and cell migration onto the villus. The model includes a negative feedback loop from villus cells to regulate crypt proliferation and integrates heterogeneous epithelial-related processes, such as the transcriptional profile, citrulline kinetics and probability of diarrhea.

2023-09-04 | MODEL2212120003 | BioModels

Effect of replacing soybean meal with Hermetia illucens meal on cecal microbiome, liver transcriptome and plasma metabolome of broilers

Project description:Despite the existence of a number of studies investigating the effect of insect meal on the growth performance of broilers, knowledge about the metabolic effects of insect meal in broilers is still scarce. Thus, the present study investigated the effect of partial replacement of soybean meal with Hermetia illucens (HI) larvae meal on the liver transcriptome, the plasma metabolome and the cecal microbiome in broilers. For the study, 72 male one-day-old Cobb 500 broilers were divided into three groups (n = 12) and fed three different diets with either 0% (HI0), 7.5% (HI7.5) or 15% (HI15) defatted HI meal for 35 d. While body weight (BW) gain, feed intake, and feed:gain ratio did not differ between groups, breast muscle weight, carcass yield and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of 12 amino acids were higher in group HI15 than in group HI0 (P > 0.05). Indicators of α-diversity (Chao1 and Observed) in the cecal digesta were higher in groups HI15 and HI7.5 than in group HI0 (P < 0.05). The abundance of 5 families and 18 genera, all of which belonged to the Firmicutes phylum, in the cecal digesta differed among groups (P < 0.05). Concentrations of butyric acid, valeric acid and isobutyric acid in the cecal digesta were lower in group HI15 than in the other two groups (P > 0.05), whereas those of total and other short-chain fatty acids were not different between groups. Liver transcriptomics revealed a total of 70 and 61 differentially expressed transcripts between groups HI15 vs. HI0 and between groups HI7.5 vs HI0, respectively, (P > 0.05). Targeted metabolomics identified 138 metabolites, most of which were triglyceride species, being different between the three groups (FDR < 0.05). According to this study, dietary inclusion of HI larvae meal has no detrimental impact but increases breast muscle weight and carcass weight in broilers suggesting that HI larvae meal can be recommended as a sustainable alternative protein source for broilers.

2024-02-21 | GSE255945 | GEO

Human ileum epithelium LCMD Project

Project description:The small intestinal epithelium mediates vital functions of nutrient absorption and host defense. The spatial organization of the epithelial cells along the crypt-villus axis segregates them into regions of specialized function. However, many of the mechanisms governing intestinal epithelial cell migration and the coordination of interactions with adjacent cells and the extracellular matrix are not fully understood. We have evaluated in vivo gene expression patterns of ileal epithelial cells in healthy human subjects, isolated by laser capture microdissection from either the villus epithelial or crypt cell regions of the small intestinal mucosa. Expression profiles in villus epithelium and Paneth cell lineages were determined by quantitative real-time PCR, DNA microarray, and immunohistochemistry based methods. Relative expression levels of selected epithelial biomarkers were compared between the ileum, jejunum, duodenum, colon, stomach, and esophagus. Previously established biomarkers as well as a novel and distinct set of genes believed to be linked to epithelial cell motility, adhesion, and differentiation were found to be enriched in each of the two corresponding cell populations. Additionally, high baseline expression levels of innate antimicrobials, alpha defensin 5 (HD5) and regenerating islet-derived 3 alpha (Reg3A), were detected exclusively within the small bowel, most notably in the ileum, in comparison to other sites along the gastrointestinal tract. Our findings provide new and important insights regarding the molecular machinery employed by small intestinal epithelial cells to mediate their function and spatial organization in vivo. Keywords: analysis of epithelial cells from crypt or upper villus regions

2008-02-28 | GSE10629 | GEO

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