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Length-independent telomere damage drives cardiomyocyte senescence

ABSTRACT: Ageing is the biggest risk factor to cardiovascular health and is associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. Cellular senescence, a process driven in part by telomere shortening has been implicated in age-related cardiac dysfunction. However, the role of cellular senescence and its underlying mechanisms in slowly dividing/post-mitotic cardiomyocytes is not understood.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE95822 | GEO | 2019/02/06

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Endogenous genes regulated by telomere length

Project description:Reporter genes inserted immediately adjacent to telomeres are frequently repressed in cells of model organisms as well as human cells, a phenomena referred to as telomere position effect (TPE). TPE has been proposed to be involved in regulation of cellular senescence, cancer and aging. However, the identification of endogenous genes in human cells regulated by natural telomeres has not been reported. Here we show that the expression of interferon simulated gene 15 (ISG15, located on 1p36.33, G1P2) varies with telomere length. ISG15 expression (RNA and protein) increases in human cells with short telomeres, and decreases with the elongation of telomeres by human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). The up-regulation of ISG15 is independent of p53 and type I interferon, and is not due to replicative senescence and DNA damage. In human skin specimens obtained from various aged individuals, ISG15 was up-regulated in a subset of cells in older individuals. Our results demonstrate that endogenous human genes can be regulated by the length of telomeres prior to the onset of DNA damage signals, and it suggests that telomeres may be involved in the regulation of human physiology that contributes to the process of aging. Keywords: cell type comparison

2007-12-07 | GSE6799 | GEO

Telomeric 8-Oxoguanine Drives Rapid Premature Senescence in the Absence of Telomere Shortening

Project description:Oxidative stress is a primary cause of cellular senescence and contributes to the pathogenesis of numerous human diseases. Oxidative damage to telomeric DNA is proposed to trigger premature senescence by accelerating telomere shortening. Here we tested this model directly using a precision tool to produce the common base lesion 8-oxoguanine (8oxoG) exclusively at telomeres in human fibroblast and epithelial cells. A single induction of telomeric 8oxoG is sufficient to trigger multiple hallmarks of p53-dependent senescence. Telomeric 8oxoG activates ATM and ATR signaling, and enriches for markers of telomere dysfunction in replicating, but not quiescent cells. Acute 8oxoG production fails to shorten telomeres, but rather generates fragile sites and delayed mitotic DNA synthesis at telomeres, indicative of impaired replication. Based on our results we propose that oxidative stress promotes rapid senescence by producing oxidative base lesions which drive replication-dependent telomere fragility and dysfunction in the absence of shortening and shelterin loss.

2022-05-26 | GSE175686 | GEO

Dilemma of quiescent HSCs with shorten telomere

Project description:quiescent HSCs have an elevated tolerance to accumulate genomic alterations in response to telomere shortening but the transmission of these aberrations to the progenitor cell level is prevented by senescence and apoptosis

2014-12-02 | GSE60164 | GEO

Disruption of ZC3H15 Compromises Telomere Length Maintenance by Sequestering Telomerase within Cajal bodies

Project description:Telomere homeostasis, crucial for various biological processes, relies on telomerase activity. We identified ZC3H15 as a novel telomerase-interacting protein. Its deletion unexpectedly increased telomerase activity but led to shortened telomeres and cellular senescence. ZC3H15 interacts with telomerase and itself, regulating telomerase activity in an RNA-dependent manner. Proximity labeling showed ZC3H15's interaction with proteins involved in organelle assembly and RNA processes. Loss of ZC3H15 sequestered TERC in the Cajal body, reducing telomerase recruitment to telomeres during S phase. These findings unveil ZC3H15's role in telomere dynamics and cellular senescence, suggesting its potential as a target for cancer therapy or anti-aging interventions.

2024-05-06 | PXD052036 | iProX

Length-independent telomere damage drives post-mitotic cardiomyocyte senescence.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC6396144 | biostudies-literature

Senescence progression in the normal human fibroblast, WI-38 cells induced with plasma membrane damage, calcium influx, DNA damage and telomere shortening.

Project description:To investigate the comparison of senescence progression in plasma membrane damage-, calcium influx-, DNA damage- and telomere shortening-induced senescence in the normal human fibroblast cells.

2024-01-24 | GSE222400 | GEO

Telomere Length Protects Mice from Human Disease Phenotype Caused By Notch1 Haploinsufficiency

Project description:Diseases caused by gene haploinsufficiency in humans commonly lack a phenotype in mice heterozygous for the orthologous factor, although the source of this discrepancy is unknown. The inability to accurately model human disease in mice impedes the study of complex phenotypes and critically limits the discovery and testing of potential therapeutics. Laboratory mice have longer telomeres (>40 kilobases (kb)) compared to humans (~5-15 kb), potentially protecting them from age-related disease caused by haploinsufficiency. In humans, heterozygous non-sense mutations in the transcription factor, NOTCH1 (N1), lead to severe age-dependent aortic valve (AV) calcification. However, mice heterozygous for N1 do not develop calcific AV disease (CAVD)5. Here, we show that telomere shortening is sufficient to elicit age-dependent cardiac valve disease in N1+/- mice that closely mimics the human disease and that progressive shortening correlates with severity of disease, extending to AV thickening in the neonate. N1 haploinsufficiency led to increased proliferation in valves that further reduced telomere length. Calcified AVs exhibited downregulation of osteoclast factors and upregulation of pro-calcific regulatory nodes concordant with gene network alterations in human N1 heterozygous endothelial cells. Dysregulated genes in valves were enriched for those that have promoters normally contacted by telomere looping. These findings reveal a critical role for telomere length in a mouse model of age-dependent human disease that may have broader implications and provides an in vivo model in which to test therapeutic candidates to prevent or delay the progression of CAVD.

2017-08-22 | GSE83963 | GEO

Telomeric 8-Oxoguanine Drives Rapid Premature Senescence in the Absence of Telomere Shortening

Project description:Telomeric 8-Oxoguanine Drives Rapid Premature Senescence in the Absence of Telomere Shortening

| PRJNA733186 | ENA

Mus musculus

Project description:Mex3a Marks a Slowly Dividing Subpopulation of Lgr5+ Intestinal Stem Cells

| PRJNA356213 | ENA

The Human Telomeric Proteome During Telomere Replication

Project description:Telomere shortening can cause detrimental diseases and contribute to aging. It occurs due to the end replication problem in cells lacking telomerase. In addition, recent evidence revealed that telomere shortening can be attributed to difficulties of the semi-conservative DNA replication machinery to replicate through the bulk of telomeric DNA repeats. To investigate telomere replication in a comprehensive manner, we developed QTIP-iPOND, which enables purification of the proteins that associate with telomeres during their replication. We identify in addition to the core replisome a large number of proteins that specifically associate with telomere replication forks and validate their importance.

2021-11-03 | PXD018712 | Pride

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