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Global gene expresssion profiling the gills of amoebic gill disease (AGD) affected Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

ABSTRACT: Amoebic gill disease (AGD) is an ectoparasitic condition of some farm-reared marine fish and is caused by Neoparamoeba perurans. Tanks housing Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were inoculated with Neoparamoeba perurans and fish were sampled at 36 days postinoculation (pi.). AGD-affected gill tissue was dissected from N. perurans infected fish, and a DNA microarray was used to compare global gene expression against tissues from AGD-naive fish. To determine whether the changes in gene expression were restricted to AGD-lesions, lesion tissue from AGD-affected fish was also compared with non-lesion gill tissue dissected from the same gill arch. Samples were assessed using a DNA microarray. Keywords: comparative gene expression, parasite-induced lesion, Neoparamoeba perurans, amoebic gill disease

ORGANISM(S): Salmo salar Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Osmerus mordax Coregonus clupeaformis Oncorhynchus mykiss

PROVIDER: GSE9595 | GEO | 2007/11/15

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA103439

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Global gene expresssion profiling the gills of amoebic gill disease (AGD) affected Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Project description:Amoebic gill disease (AGD) is an ectoparasitic condition of some farm-reared marine fish and is caused by Neoparamoeba perurans. Tanks housing Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were inoculated with Neoparamoeba perurans and fish were sampled at 36 days postinoculation (pi.). AGD-affected gill tissue was dissected from N. perurans infected fish, and a DNA microarray was used to compare global gene expression against tissues from AGD-naive fish. To determine whether the changes in gene expression were restricted to AGD-lesions, lesion tissue from AGD-affected fish was also compared with non-lesion gill tissue dissected from the same gill arch. Samples were assessed using a DNA microarray. mRNA from lesion and non-lesion gill tissue was amplified and labeled. Six biological and two technical replicates were utilised to hybridise to 12 arrays using amplified RNA from AGD-affected lesion gill tissue with AGD-naive fish as a control. Four biological and two technical replicates were utilised to hybridise to 8 arrays using amplified RNA from AGD-affected lesion gill tissue with non-lesion tissue from the same gill arch as a control. The assignment of microarrays to treatment groups for hybridization was randomised by using a random number generator.

2010-05-25 | E-GEOD-9595 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcription profiling of gill, liver and kidney from amoebic gill disease infected and disease-free Atlantic salmon

Project description:The transcriptome response of 12 amoebic gill disease (AGD) affected Atlantic salmon were compared to 6 AGD naive Atlantic salmon at 19 days post infection. The transcriptome response was examined in the gill, liver and anterior kidney.

2008-09-01 | E-MEXP-1286 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcription profiling of gill from ameobic gill disease resistant and susceptible Atlantic salmon

Project description:We compared gill transcriptomes of two groups of Atlantic salmon, one designated putatively resistant, and one designated susceptible to amoebic gill disease (AGD).

2008-12-01 | E-MEXP-1396 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Investigation of the host response of naïve Atlantic salmon gill to repeat inoculation with Paramoeba perurans

Project description:In aquaculture, recurrence rates of Amoebic Gill Disease (AGD), caused by the ectoparasite Paramoeba perurans (P. perurans) are high and no prophylactic strategies exist for disease prevention. In this study, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were initially inoculated with P. perurans and following the development of amoebic gill disease were treated with fresh water immersion on day 21 and day 35 post inoculation. Fish were re-inoculated following a negative Q-PCR analysis for the presence of P. perurans. The gill host immune response was investigated at 7, 14 and 18 days post re-inoculation. Differential proteome expression of immune related proteins was assessed by comparison of each time point against naïve controls. In the gill, some proteins of the innate immune system were expressed in response to gill re-colonisation by P. perurans, while no features of adaptive immunity were found to be differentially expressed. Many of the proteins identified are novel in the context of AGD and their expression profiles suggest that their roles in the response to disease development and progression in single or multiple infections warrant further investigation.

2021-05-21 | PXD024096 | Pride

Investigation of the transcriptomic response of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) exposed to Neoparamoeba perurans.

Project description:Purpose: The aim of this study was to RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to investigate further the gill transcriptome during the early stage of infection, prior to the appearance of mucoid lesions on the gills of amoebic gill disease (ADG)-affected fish. Methods: This study investigated the gill transcriptomic profile of pre-clinical AGD using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technology. RNA-seq libraries generated at 0, 4, 7, 14 and 16 days post inoculation (dpi) RNA-seq data was validated using real-time, quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis. Results: This study identified 29,357 Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) over the course of 16 days follwing exposure to N.perurans , the caustative agent of Amoebic gill disease. With many genes differentially regualted at more tehn one time point, the number of individual gene identified as down-regulated was 8,524 and up-regulated was 10,826. DEGs mapped to 224 Gene Ontology (GO) terms, 27 reference pathways in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and 15 Reactome Gene Sets. Conclusions:Molecular diagnostics and histopathology, but not gill scores, provided an accurate record of disease progression during early stage onset of AGD, prior to evidence of clinical signs on the gill. At 7 days post infection (dpi), there was evidence of innate immune response activation and a concomitant immune suppression involving signalling pathways for cytokines, specifically interleukins.

2021-07-13 | GSE179972 | GEO

Mucosal immune and stress responses of Neoparamoeba perurans-infected Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) treated with peracetic acid shed light on the host-parasite-oxidant interactions

Project description:Treatment development for parasitic infestation is often limited to disease resolution as an endpoint response, and physiological and immunological consequences are not thoroughly considered. The impact of exposing Atlantic salmon affected with amoebic gill disease (AGD) to peracetic acid (PAA), an oxidative chemotherapeutic was studied. Transcriptome profiling in the gills showed significant changes triggered by AGD and PAA treatments, and the effects of PAA were more notable 24 h after treatment. Genes related to immune pathways of B- and T- cells and protein synthesis and metabolism were downregulated, where the magnitude was more remarkable in 10ppm-15mins group. Even though treatment did not fully resolve the pathologies associated with AGD, 5ppm-30mins group showed lower parasite load at 4 weeks post-treatment. Mucous cell parameters (i.e., size and density) increased within 24 h post-treatment and were significantly higher at termination, especially in AGD-affected fish, with some treatment effects influenced by the dose of PAA. Infection and treatments resulted in oxidative stress – in the early phase in the gill mucosa, while systemic reactive oxygen species (ROS) dysregulation was evident at the later stage. Infected fish responded to elevated circulating ROS by increasing antioxidant production. Exposing the fish to a crowding stress revealed interference in the post-stress responses. Lower cortisol response was displayed by AGD-affected groups. Collectively, the study established that PAA, within the evaluated treatment protocols, could not provide a convincing treatment resolution and thus require further optimisation.

2022-08-17 | GSE211350 | GEO

Host-pathogen interaction of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and the ectoparasite, Neoparamoeba perurans in amoebic gill disease

Project description:Marine farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) are repeatedly susceptible to amoebic gill disease (AGD) caused by the ectoparasite Neoparamoeba perurans over their life cycle. The parasite elicits a highly localized response within the gill epithelium mucosa resulting in multifocal mucoid patches at the site of parasite attachment. This host-pathogen response drives a complex immune reaction within the pathology of the disease, which remains poorly understood. A dual RNA-seq approach was employed using Illumina sequencing technology to investigate both the linteraction between the host and the parasite.

2021-04-30 | GSE166760 | GEO

Investigation of the host response of naïve Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) inoculated with Paramoeba perurans prior to the onset of clinical symptoms

Project description:Amoebic Gill Disease (AGD), caused by the ectoparasite Paramoeba perurans (P. perurans) is characterised by hyperplasia of the gill epithelium and lamellar fusion and has become recognised as one of the most significant health threats in salmon farming . In this study, the gill and serum proteomes of Atlantic salmon inoculated with P. perurans, across multiple timepoints post-challenge, were analysed. The expression of proteins with established roles in innate immunity, across various timepoints, was compared with expression in naïve Atlantic salmon to elucidate the host response to gill colonisation.

2021-04-16 | PXD022101 | Pride

Divergent immunity and energetic programs in the gills of migratory and resident Oncorhynchus mykiss

2014-03-04 | GSE48844 | GEO

Divergent immunity and energetic programs in the gills of migratory and resident Oncorhynchus mykiss

Project description:To identify gene expression differences between Oncorhynchus mykiss that migrate and those that reside in freshwater, we compared gill transcriptomes of fish prior to release from a hatchery with those of fish recaptured eight days post-release while all fish were still in freshwater, but some were captured next to the hatchery (non-migrants) and others were captured moving toward the ocean (migrants). The in-hatchery sampling method represents a highly similar environment for all the fish, and allows for the determination of activated genes predictive of smolting programs prior to release into streams. Morphological (e.g. color) and physiological (gill NaCl-ATPase activity) data were also obtained and correlated to gene expression differences to aid in predictions. Gill tissue was sampled for transcriptome profiling 13 days prior to two different releases from the hatchery (total sampled within hatchery n = 19). Samples were also taken eight days after the two releases near-hatchery (total in-creek n = 20) or migrating towards the ocean but still in freshwater (second release only n = 20). Finally, 48 days after the second release a final set of resident fish were sampled near the hatchery (n =10). In terms of time after release, the most parallel comparison is the second 8 day post release sample in-creek and migrating. Although all samples were obtained in freshwater, the samples with the most similar local environment are the pre-release samples.

2014-03-04 | E-GEOD-48844 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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