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Replication-independent nucleosome turnover confers the functional basis of cis-regulatory elements in adult heart

ABSTRACT: Through integrated H2BGFP ChIP-seq data over multiple conditions and time points, as well as other related ChIP-seq and RNA-seq data in adult mouse heart. We observed genomewide and locus-specific H2B turnover in non-proliferating adult cardiomyocytes (Cms), and a majority of genomic regions with rapid turnover rates distributes on cis-regulatory elements, as well as these regions are associated with heart function, regulatory factors binding and their activities. Moreover, H2B turnover rate is always positively correlated with gene transcription level on enhancers, promoters and exons. The rapid turnover rates at cis-regulatory elements can be partially explained by the binding and co-binding of RNAP II and various transcription factors (TFs). Our further analysis revealed that not only rapid H2B turnover at cis-regulatory elements responses to heart disease, but also slow turnover at H3K27me3 sites functionally responses to heart disease with a different manner. More generally, we indicate that the binding and co-binding of DNA-binding proteins, such as TFs and epigenetic enzymes, all of them coupled with H2B turnover to modulate gene transcription and chromatin state.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE97876 | GEO | 2020/04/17

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Mus musculus

Project description:Replication-independent nucleosome turnover confers the functional basis of cis-regulatory elements in adult heart

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Project description:Variations in noncoding regulatory sequences play a central role in evolution but interpreting such variations remains difficult even in the context of defined attributes such as transcription factor (TF) binding sites. Here, we systematically link variations in cis-regulatory sequences to TF binding by profiling the allele-specific binding of 27 TFs expressed in a yeast hybrid, which contains two related genomes within the same nucleus. TFs localize preferentially to sites containing their known binding motifs, but occupy only a small fraction of the potential motif-coding genomic sites. Differential binding of TFs to the two orthologues is well explained by sequence variations that alter the consensus core motif, while changes in chromatin accessibility were of little apparent effect. Motif variations that abolish binding when present in one allele show only moderately reduced binding when common to both alleles, suggesting evolutionary compensation. At the promoter level, we report cases of turnover, where binding in the two orthologues localized to different promoter regions, yet most interspecies differences resulted from higher number of binding sites in one of the alleles. Our results suggest that cis variations affecting TF binding occur primarily through the gain and loss of cis-regulatory motifs at accessible regions.

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Nucleosome occupancy

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H3 occupancy

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PolII occupancy

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Transcription factor trapping by RNA in gene regulatory elements (GRO-Seq)

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Transcription factor trapping by RNA in gene regulatory elements (CLIP-Seq)

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Dissection of transcriptional and cis-regulatory control of differentiation in human pancreatic cancer [RNA-seq]

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