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The functional enhancer repertoire of human embryonic stem cells [STARR-RNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: We combined Self-Transcribing Active Regulatory Region Sequencing (STARR-seq) with an enrichment step using chromatin immunoprecipitation in a massively parallel reporter assay. We applied this assay, termed ChIP-STARR-seq, to normal (primed) and naive human embryonic stem cells, building up a comprehensive catalogue of functional enhancers. This database record describes the STARR-RNA-seq component.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE99630 | GEO | 2017/07/05

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA389117

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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The functional enhancer repertoire of human embryonic stem cells [ChIP-seq]

Project description:We combined Self-Transcribing Active Regulatory Region Sequencing (STARR-seq) with an enrichment step using chromatin immunoprecipitation in a massively parallel reporter assay. We applied this assay, termed ChIP-STARR-seq, to normal (primed) and naive human embryonic stem cells, building up a comprehensive catalogue of functional enhancers. This database record describes the ChIP-seq and BAC component.

2017-07-05 | GSE99627 | GEO

The functional enhancer repertoire of human embryonic stem cells [isolated plasmid DNA-seq]

2017-07-05 | GSE99628 | GEO

The functional enhancer repertoire of human embryonic stem cells [plasmid DNA-seq]

2017-07-05 | GSE99629 | GEO

The functional enhancer repertoire of human embryonic stem cells

Project description:We combined Self-Transcribing Active Regulatory Region Sequencing (STARR-seq) with an enrichment step using chromatin immunoprecipitation in a massively parallel reporter assay. We applied this assay, termed ChIP-STARR-seq, to normal (primed) and naive human embryonic stem cells, building up a comprehensive catalogue of functional enhancers. For further details, please refer to the sub-series. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2017-07-05 | GSE99631 | GEO

ATAC-STARR-seq reveals transcription factor-bound activators and silencers across the chromatin accessible human genome

Project description:Massively parallel reporter assays (MPRAs) test the capacity of putative gene regulatory elements to drive transcription on a genome-wide scale. Most gene regulatory activity occurs within accessible chromatin, and recently described methods have combined assays that capture these regions—such as assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq)—with self-transcribing active regulatory region sequencing (STARR-seq) to selectively assay the regulatory potential of accessible DNA (ATAC-STARR-seq). Here, we report an integrated approach that quantifies activating and silencing regulatory activity, chromatin accessibility, and transcription factor (TF) occupancy with one assay using ATAC-STARR-seq. Our strategy, including important updates to the ATAC-STARR-seq assay and workflow, enabled high-resolution testing of ~50 million unique DNA fragments tiling ~101,000 accessible chromatin regions in human lymphoblastoid cells. We discovered that 30% of all accessible regions contain an activator, a silencer or both. Although few MPRA studies have explored silencing activity, we demonstrate silencers occur at similar frequencies to activators, and they represent a distinct functional group enriched for unique TF motifs and repressive histone modifications. We further show that Tn5 cut-site frequencies are retained in the ATAC-STARR plasmid library compared to standard ATAC-seq, enabling TF occupancy to be ascertained from ATAC-STARR data. With this approach, we found that activators and silencers cluster by distinct TF footprint combinations and these groups of activity represent different gene regulatory networks of immune cell function. Altogether, these data highlight the multi-layered capabilities of ATAC-STARR-seq to comprehensively investigate the regulatory landscape of the human genome all from a single DNA fragment source.

2022-07-06 | GSE181317 | GEO

STARR-seq based mutagenesis of transcription factor binding sites

Project description:We performed a STARR-seq based, massively parallel reporter assay on reference genome and mutation-containing oligonucleotide sequences from regions associated with a large number of transcription factor ChIP-seq peaks or DHS-footprinted motifs.

2019-12-25 | GSE142566 | GEO

Studying enhancer activity by FAIRE-STARR-seq in the U2OS-GR and the U2OS-AR cells upon hormone treatment

Project description:To quantify functional enhancers, we performed STARR-seq (Self-Transcribing Active Regulatory Region sequencing) in the U2OS-GR and the U2OS-AR cell lines (derived from U2OS ATTC:HTB-96, stably transfected with an expression construct for rat GR or human AR, respectively). U2OS-GR cells were treated with dexamethasone (1 µM) or vehicle (ethanol) for 14 hours. U2OS-AR cells were treated with R1881 (5 nM) or vehicle (DMSO) for 14 hours. To limit the number of putative enhancers, the STARR library contained genomic regions isolated by FAIRE (Formaldehyde Assisted Isolation of Regulatory Elements) from dexamethasone-treated U2OS-GR cells to include regions that gain accessibility upon GR activation. We added unique molecular identifiers (UMIs) during the reverse transcription stage to facilitate quantitative measurements of enhancer activity for each fragment. The UMI for each read is present within the sequence identifier line (directly following the y coordinate and separated by a ':') of the fastq files.

2021-03-09 | E-MTAB-9614 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome-wide quantitative enhancer activity maps identified by STARR-seq

Project description:Genomic enhancers are important regulators of gene expression, but their identification is a challenge and methods depend on indirect measures of activity. We developed a method termed STARR-seq to directly and quantitatively assess enhancer activity for millions of candidates from arbitrary sources of DNA, enabling screens across entire genomes. When applied to the Drosophila genome, STARR-seq identifies thousands of cell type-specific enhancers across a broad continuum of strengths, linking differential gene expression to differences in enhancer activity and creating a genome-wide quantitative enhancer map. This map reveals the highly complex regulation of transcription, with several independent enhancers for both developmental regulators and ubiquitously expressed genes. STARR-seq can be used to identify and quantitate enhancer activity in other eukaryotes, including human. STARR-seq was performed in S2 and OSC cells with paired-end sequencing in two replicates and respective inputs. DHS-seq was done with single-end sequencing in two replicates for S2 and OSC cells. RNA-seq was performed with a strand-specific protocol using single-end sequencing in two replicates within S2 and OSC cells. STARR-seq was also performed in HeLa cells with single-end sequencing with a respective input.

2013-01-17 | E-GEOD-40739 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Glucocorticoids Unmask Silent Non-Coding Genetic Risk Variants for Common Diseases [STARR-seq]

Project description:30 B-lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) with genome-wide genotype data were treated with hydrocortisone (GR agonist) and CORT108297 (GR modulator), followed by RNA-seq to identify PGx-eQTLs. We then integrated GR chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) to characterize the epigenetic function of PGx-eQTLs that interfere with GR response elements. We also applied a high-throughput enhancer assay (STARR-seq) using PGx-eQTL loci DNA sequences to “scan” for drug-dependent SNPs.

2022-11-16 | GSE185939 | GEO

STARR-seq enhancer activity in mouse embryonic stem cells cultured in 2i+LIF or serum+LIF [STARR-seq]

Project description:Enhancers are distal regulators of gene expression that shape cell identity and regulate cell fate transitions. Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) are a typical example of cells whose pluripotent identity is maintained by a complex enhancer landscape, that is drastically altered upon differentiation. Genome-wide chromatin accessibility and histone modification assays are commonly used as a proxy for enhancer location, strength and dynamics. Here, we applied STARR-seq, a genome-wide plasmid-based assay, to measure the enhancer potential of genomic loci in a plasmid context in “ground-state” (2i+LIF; 2iL-ESCs) and “metastable” (serum+LIF; SL-ESCs) embryonic stem cells.

2020-08-16 | GSE143544 | GEO

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