GNPS_Teobroma cacao
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Ion trap
ORGANISM(S): Teobroma Cacao
SUBMITTER: Denise Silva
PROVIDER: MSV000078881 | GNPS | Fri Oct 03 11:39:00 BST 2014
REPOSITORIES: GNPS
Similar Datasets
Project description:Mesoamerican peoples had a long history of cacao use--spanning more than 34 centuries--as confirmed by previous identification of cacao residues on archaeological pottery from Paso de la Amada on the Pacific Coast and the Olmec site of El Manatí on the Gulf Coast. Until now, comparable evidence from San Lorenzo, the premier Olmec capital, was lacking. The present study of theobromine residues confirms the continuous presence and use of cacao products at San Lorenzo between 1800 and 1000 BCE, and documents assorted vessels forms used in its preparation and consumption. One elite context reveals cacao use as part of a mortuary ritual for sacrificial victims, an event that occurred during the height of San Lorenzo's power.
| S-EPMC3102397 | biostudies-other
Project description:Cocoa, Theobroma cacao, is an important tropical perennial crop grown widely in the humid tropics. The exchange of cocoa germplasm between germplasm collections and breeding centres is vital for varietal development. Intermediate quarantine facilities, such as the International Cocoa Quarantine Centre, Reading UK (ICQC-R) play a vital role in ensuring the transfer of germplasm whilst minimising the risk of spreading pests and diseases. Current screening procedures combine visual inspection and molecular techniques, which are effective in detecting Cocoa swollen shoot virus (CSSV), a badnavirus, which causes severe losses but are restricted to West Africa. However, the detection of latent or mild virus infections that produce no visual symptoms has been a challenge. Recently two badnavirus species of cocoa producing mild symptoms, cacao mild mosaic virus (CaMMV) and cacao yellow vein-banding virus (CYVBV), have been sequenced. Here, we report new assays for the detection of these two species, for the first time in non-symptomatic accessions. Evolutionary and bioinformatic analyses of the viruses suggest their most recent source was from Trinidad, though there is historic evidence that these viruses may have their origin in South America and then become widespread globally over the last century. We also report a novel colorimetric Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the detection of CYVBV. This simple and accurate method could be employed in field virus testing.
| S-EPMC8623607 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The cacao swollen shoot virus disease (CSSVD) is among the most economically damaging diseases of cacao trees and accounts for almost 15-50% of harvest losses in Ghana. This virus is transmitted by several species of mealybugs (Pseudococcidae, Homoptera) when they feed on cacao plants. One of the mitigation strategies for CSSVD investigated at the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG) is the use of mild-strain cross-protection of cacao trees against the effects of severe strains. In this study, simple deterministic, delay, and stochastic ordinary differential equation-based models to describe the dynamic of the disease and spread of the virus are suggested. Model parameters are estimated using detailed empirical data from CRIG. The modeling outcomes demonstrate a remarkable resemblance between real and simulated dynamics. We have found that models with delay approximate the data better and this agrees with the knowledge that CSSVD epidemics develop slowly. Also, since there are large variations in the data, stochastic models lead to better results. We show that these models can be used to gain useful informative insights about the nature of disease spread.
| S-EPMC10919592 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cocoa is among the top foreign exchange earners in Uganda's agriculture sector and has benefitted the livelihood of farmers involved in production. Although cacao cultivation was adopted in the early 1900s, little is known about the on-farm diversity of the crop. A total of 125 cacao landraces were surveyed from eight districts in the Central and Western Regions to evaluate the morphological and genetic diversity of cacao in Uganda. Passport data included site, tree, fruit and seed information. Trees were genotyped using 96 single nucleotide polymorphism markers on a Fluidigm platform. Low heterozygosity was detected in the germplasm in both the Central [observed heterozygosity (H o ) = 0.295, expected heterozygosity (H e) = 0.334] and Western Regions (H o = 0.317, H e = 0.322). Genetic variation in both regions was generally comparable but the regions could be differentiated from each other. Inbreeding was noted in the Central Region while a greater sharing of genetic material was observed in the Western Region. The morphological and genetic data indicated that the Ugandan collection was an interspersed group with low to moderate variation with some separation of the Central from Western regions. Ancestry analysis indicated that the majority of the accessions were hybrids of Marañon lineage but also had Amelonado and Iquitos genetic backgrounds. These findings are consistent with the history of the movement of cacao into Uganda. A core collection of 18 individuals to represent the genetic diversity as well as 12 additional trees with possible advantageous traits is proposed.
| S-EPMC6419697 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Theobroma cacao is one of the most economically important tropical trees, being the source of chocolate. As part of an ongoing study to understand the diversity of the badnavirus complex, responsible for the cacao swollen shoot virus disease in West Africa, evidence was found recently of virus-like sequences in asymptomatic cacao plants. The present study exploited the wealth of genomic resources in this crop, and combined bioinformatic, molecular, and genetic approaches to report for the first time the presence of integrated badnaviral sequences in most of the cacao genetic groups. These sequences, which we propose to name eTcBV for endogenous T. cacao bacilliform virus, varied in type with each predominating in a specific genetic group. A diagnostic multiplex PCR method was developed to identify the homozygous or hemizygous condition of one specific insert, which was inherited as a single Mendelian trait. These data suggest that these integration events occurred before or during the species diversification in Central and South America, and prior to its cultivation in other regions. Such evidence of integrated sequences is relevant to the management of cacao quarantine facilities and may also aid novel methods to reduce the impact of such viruses in this crop.
| S-EPMC8050207 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Theobroma cacao reduced representation libraries
| PRJNA486150 | ENA
Project description:Haplotype genome assemblies of ICS1 Cacao group
| PRJNA1136499 | ENA
Project description:Theobroma cocoa Illumina paired end sequencing data
| PRJNA158015 | ENA
Project description:Pervasive effects of an endophytic fungus on host genetic and phenotypic expression in a tropical tree (part 1)
| PRJNA237517 | ENA