Project description:Elevated circulating lipid levels are known risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In order to examine the effects of quercetin on hepatic lipid metabolism and detailed serum lipid profiles, mice received a mild-high-fat diet without (control) or with supplementation of 0.33% (w/w) quercetin for 12 weeks. Gas chromatography and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance were used to measure quantitatively serum lipid profiles and whole genome microarray analysis was used to identify the responsible mechanisms in liver. There were no significant differences found in mean body weight, energy intake and hepatic lipid accumulation between the quercetin and control group. In serum of quercetin-fed mice, TG levels were decreased with 15%, poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were increased with 14% and saturated fatty acids were decreased. Palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid were all decreased in quercetin-fed mice by 9-15%. Both palmitic acid and oleic acid can be oxidized by omega-oxidation. Indeed, gene expression profiling showed that quercetin increased hepatic lipid metabolism, especially omega-oxidation. At the gene level, this was reflected by the up regulation of cytochrome P450 (Cyp) 4a10, Cyp4a14, Cyp4a31 and Acyl-CoA thioesterase 3 (Acot3). Two relevant regulators, Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (Por, rate limiting for cytochrome P450s) and the transcription factor Constitutive androstane receptor (Car; official symbol Nr1i3) were also up regulated in the quercetin-fed mice. We conclude that quercetin intake increased hepatic lipid omega-oxidation and lowered corresponding circulating lipid levels, a process that may involve Por and Car, and results in a potential beneficial CVD preventive effect. Liver samples were obtained from 36 C57BL/6J male adult mice. All mice started with a three week adaptation phase, in which they were fed a mild-high-fat diet. 12 mice were sacrificed immediately after the adaptation phase (t=0). The other 24 mice received the mild-high-fat diet without (HF) or with supplementation of 0.33% (w/w) quercetin (HF-Q) for 12 weeks.

Project description:An essential tissue involved in the development and regulation of lipid metabolism in animals is adipose tissue. The “fat-tail” can supply energy for sheep during migration and winter when a low amount of dry matter intake is available. Tail fat content affects meat quality and varies significantly among the different breeds of sheep. Ghezel (fat-tailed) and Zel (thin-tailed) are two important local Iranian sheep breeds that show different patterns of fat storage. The current study presents the transcriptome characterization of tail fat using RNA-sequencing in order to get a better comprehension of the molecular mechanism of lipid storage in the two sheep breeds. The results of sequencing were analyzed with bioinformatics methods, including differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identification, functional enrichment analysis, structural classification of proteins, protein–protein interaction (PPI), network analysis and module analysis. The results revealed a total of332 DEGs between the Zel and Ghezel breed, with78 up-regulated and 254 down-regulated DEGs in the Zel breed. Identification of differential genes showed that some DEGs, such as IL-6, LIPG, SAA1, SOCS3 and HIF-1α, with the largest fold change had close association with lipid deposition. Also, important lipid storage genes such as FASN and SCPEP1 had high levels of expression. Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis revealed some pathways associated with fat deposition, such as “Fatty acid metabolism”, “Fatty acid biosynthesis” and“HIF-1 signaling pathway”. In addition, structural classification of proteins showed major DEGs in transcription factor classes such as JUNB, NR4A3, FOSL1, MAFF, NR4A1, CREB3L1 and ATF3 were up-regulated in the Zel breed. IL-6, JUNB, and related DEGs were up-regulated in the PPI network.HMGCS1, SUCLA2 and STT3B and related DEGs were down-regulated in the PPI network and had high topology scores as hub genes. This implies the DEGs of these modules are important candidate genes for tail fat metabolism and, therefore, can be further studied.

Dataset Information

MetaboLights MTBLS322 - GNPS Genomic and lipidomic actions of nandrolone on detached rotator cuff muscle in sheep.

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