Project description:Plant architecture greatly depends on its branching patterns. Branches are formed from meristems initiated in the axils of leaves. Axillary meristems may develop immediately giving new shoots or they may become arrested after a short period of growth as dormant axillary buds. This decision is affected by endogenous and environmental factors. We are studying two Arabidopsis genes coding for TCP transcription factors, BRANCHED1 (BRC1) and BRANCHED2 (BRC2) that control this key decision. Several endogenous and environmental stimuli affect this process one of them is the quality of ambient light. Plants have developed sophisticated mechanisms that allow them to detect the presence of nearby plants and trigger responses of development to avoid the shade. This set of responses is known as shade avoidance. One response to this syndrome, with high agronomic relevance, is the suppression of branching. The genetic basis of this response is still largely unknown. Our goal is to carry out, in Arabidopsis, a systematic study of the genetic control of the removal of branching during the escape response of the shadow. We found that Arabidopsis plants produce fewer branches when grown at high density. We also found that the removal of high-density branch is accompanied by up-regulation of BRC1. On the other hand, short light treatment enriched in far-red (which simulate the shade plant) also cause an accumulation of BRC1 mRNA levels in plants grown at low density. Besides initial data off transcriptomic analysis (wt vs. brc1-2) indicate that BRC1 could be involved in signaling / response to light in the axillary buds. In this study we have identified several potential target genes of BRC1 involved in the response to light. One is PIL2 (PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 3-LIKE 2), a gene that encodes a bHLH transcription factor that interacts with APRR1/TOC1. We are currently characterizing in more detail at the genetic and molecular level the BRC1 relationship with this and other potential target genes and their role in the control of branching patterns.

Project description:Plant architecture greatly depends on its branching patterns. Branches are formed from meristems initiated in the axils of leaves. Axillary meristems may develop immediately giving new shoots or they may become arrested after a short period of growth as dormant axillary buds. This decision is affected by endogenous and environmental factors. We are studying two Arabidopsis genes coding for TCP transcription factors, BRANCHED1 (BRC1) and BRANCHED2 (BRC2) that control this key decision. Several endogenous and environmental stimuli affect this process one of them is the quality of ambient light. Plants have developed sophisticated mechanisms that allow them to detect the presence of nearby plants and trigger responses of development to avoid the shade. This set of responses is known as shade avoidance. One response to this syndrome, with high agronomic relevance, is the suppression of branching. The genetic basis of this response is still largely unknown. Our goal is to carry out, in Arabidopsis, a systematic study of the genetic control of the removal of branching during the escape response of the shadow. We found that Arabidopsis plants produce fewer branches when grown at high density. We also found that the removal of high-density branch is accompanied by up-regulation of BRC1. On the other hand, short light treatment enriched in far-red (which simulate the shade plant) also cause an accumulation of BRC1 mRNA levels in plants grown at low density. Besides initial data off transcriptomic analysis (wt vs. brc1-2) indicate that BRC1 could be involved in signaling / response to light in the axillary buds. In this study we have identified several potential target genes of BRC1 involved in the response to light. One is PIL2 (PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 3-LIKE 2), a gene that encodes a bHLH transcription factor that interacts with APRR1/TOC1. We are currently characterizing in more detail at the genetic and molecular level the BRC1 relationship with this and other potential target genes and their role in the control of branching patterns. The microarray analysis was performed using RNA samples obtained from three independent plant pools grown under identical conditions. The cDNA synthesized from RNA of wild type or brc1-2 plants grown either in white lightÂ (WT-WL, brc1-2-WL) or red+far red light (WT-FR, brc1-2-FR) was hybridized.

Project description:The cold acclimation process is regulated by many factors like ambient temperature, day length, light intensity, or hormonal status. Experiments with plants grown under different light-quality conditions indicate that the plant response to cold is also a light-quality-dependent process. Here, the role of light quality in the cold response was studied in one-month-old Arabidopsis thaliana (Col‐0) plants exposed for one week to 4 °C at short‐day conditions under white (100 and 20 μmol m‐2s‐1), blue or red (20 μmol m‐2s‐1) light conditions. An upregulated expression of CBF1, an inhibition of photosynthesis, and an increase in membrane damage showed that blue light enhanced the effect of low temperature. Interestingly, cold-treated plants under blue and red light showed only limited freezing tolerance compared to white light cold-treated plants. Next, the specificity of the light quality signal in cold response was evaluated in Arabidopsis accessions originating from different and contrasting latitudes. In all but one Arabidopsis accessions, blue light increased the effect of cold on photosynthetic parameters and electrolyte leakage. This effect was not found for Ws-0, which lacks functional CRY2 protein, indicating its role in the cold response. Proteomics data confirmed significant differences between red and blue light treated plants at low temperature and showed that the cold response is highly accession specific. In general, blue light increased mainly the cold-stress related proteins and red light induced higher expression of chloroplast-related proteins, which correlated with higher photosynthetic parameters in red light cold-treated plants. Altogether, our data suggest that light modulates two distinct mechanisms during the cold treatment - red light driven cell function maintaining program and blue light activated specific cold response. The importance of mutual complementarity of these mechanisms was demonstrated by significantly higher freezing tolerance of cold-treated plants under white light.

Project description:Purpose: Overexpression of VDE, ZEP and PsbS (VPZ) in plants confers enhanced dynamics of non-photochemical quenching of NPQ under FL light. VPZ overexpression in tobacco has been reported to increase plant biomass under fluctuating light. However, our work demonstrates that such strategy had no advantageous effect when asssayed in Arabidopsis thaliana. To investigate whether this observation is due to impairements in signaling pathways due to the expression of VPZ in Arabidopsis thaliana, transcriptome profiles of VPZ plants exposed to fluctuating light or high light were conducted. Methods: mRNA-Seq libraries were prepared from 21-d-old Col0 plants and VPZ lines #2 and #4 cultivated under standard control conditions and then exposed to fluctuating light or high light for 6h and 30 h. Standard Illumina protocols were used for mRNA-Seq sequencing. Triplicates for 3 independent plants were used. Adaptor sequences were removed with Trimmomatic and resulting reads mapped to the Arabidopsis genome (Araport11) with Tophat 2.1.1. Normalised counts reads were quantified with featureCounts to provide processed data files and differential expression analysis were conducted with the DEseq2 pipeline. Results: mRNA-Seq libraries contained app. 9 milion reads each. Transcript analysis for differential gene expression was conducted according to the Tophat/featureCounts/DESeq2 pipeline. To declare significant differences, a cut-off for absolute log2(FC) ≥ 1 compared to the initial timepoint (0h) and FDR ≤ 0.05 was applied. Significant transcripts exclusively found for Col0 and both VPZ lines in each time-point were considered for subsequent analysis. Accordingly, 528 and 415 transcripts (6h and 30h) were found for Col0, and 326 and 896 (6h and 30h) for the VPZ under control conditions. For FL, 490 and 591 transcripts qualified as specific (6h and 30h) for Col0 and 938 and 401 (6h and 30h) for VPZ. Strikingly, the amount of transcripts raised to 2847 and 2902 DEGs (6h and 30h) for Col0, whereas only 546 and 304 (6h and 30h) were detected for VPZ under HL. transcripts). Conclusions: the overexpression of VPZ in Arabidopsis leads to particular transcriptome response under fluctuating light related to changes in photosynthesis and response to abscisic acid, among all. However, Col0 displayed wider transcriptome responses than VPZ after exposure to high light .

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Protein Expression Changes in Response to different light quality of Industrial Hemp Plants Using DIA Technology

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