Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiling of original, Delta, or Omicron strain SARS-CoV-2-infected lung of rhesus macaque

ABSTRACT: The Omicron variant, mutated from the original SARS-CoV-2 strain, is still circulating worldwide. We performed LC-MS based proteome and phosphoproteome analysis using lung tissues separated from rhesus monkeys, which were infected with Omicron, the original virus or one of the VOCs, the Delta variant, respectively.

ORGANISM(S): Macaca Mulatta

SUBMITTER: Juntao Yang

PROVIDER: PXD047779 | iProX | Tue Dec 12 00:00:00 GMT 2023

REPOSITORIES: iProX

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

Proteomics and Phosphoproteomics Characteristics of the Rhesus Macaque Lung Infected With Original SARS-CoV-2, Delta, and Omicron Variants.

Tang XiaoYue X Zhou YaNan Y Sun Yan Y Ding Tao T Wang QiaoChu Q Shi Chunmei C Zhang Zhiyi Z Yang YeHong Y Wu Yue Y Liu JiangFeng J Lu ShuaiYao S Yang JunTao J

Journal of medical virology 20250601 6

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains mutate rapidly, making it crucial to study their molecular mechanisms for swift vaccine and drug development. Here, we utilized host lung proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiling to investigate the underlying pathology caused by the variants. Lung tissues infected with wild-type GD108, Delta, or Omicron BA.1 variants showed overexpression of proteins and phosphoproteins linked to the innate immune pathway, particularly in t ...[more]

PMID: 40536091

Similar Datasets

Proteomic and phosphoproteomic characteristics of multiple brain regions in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain-infected rhesus

Project description:Compared to the original Alpha variant, the novel coronavirus Omicron variant, as the main pathogen causing the global COVID-19 pandemic, exhibits stronger transmissibility. Although its pathogenicity has weakened, studies have shown that infection with the Omicron variant can still lead to neurological sequelae such as brain fog, taste and smell disorders, and headaches. To further investigate the molecular mechanisms of COVID-19 neurological sequelae such as brain fog and to advance drug target discovery, in this project, we conducted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses on the frontal lobe, occipital lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, cerebellum, and brainstem of rhesus monkeys infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. We found that the six brain regions showed specificity in their response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, but all exhibited immune responses. The differentially expressed proteins and predicted kinases identified in this study can serve as targets for screening candidate therapeutic drugs for COVID-19.

| PXD056745 |

Stealth replication of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in the nasal epithelium at physiological temperature

Project description:The COVID-19 pandemic was marked by successive waves of SARS-CoV-2 variants with distinct properties. The Omicron variant that emerged in late 2021 showed a major antigenic shift and rapidly spread worldwide. Since then, Omicron-derived variants have maintained their global dominance, for reasons that remain incompletely understood. We report that the original Omicron variant BA.1 evolved several traits that converged in facilitating viral spread. First, Omicron displayed an early replicative advantage over previous variants when grown in a reconstructed nasal epithelium model based on primary human cells. The increase in Omicron replication was more marked at the 33°C temperature characteristic of human nasal passages, resulting in a physiologically relevant advantage. Omicron also caused a decrease in epithelial integrity, as measured by transepithelial electrical resistance and caspase-3 activation. Furthermore, Omicron caused a more marked loss of motile cilia at 33°C than other variants, suggesting a capacity to impair mucociliary clearance. RNAseq analysis showed that Omicron induced a broad transcriptional downregulation of ciliary genes but only a limited upregulation of host innate defense genes at 33°C. The lower production of type I and type III interferons in epithelia infected by Omicron compared to those infected by the Delta variant, at 33°C as well as 37°C, confirmed the increased capacity of Omicron to evade the innate antiviral response. Thus, Omicron combined replication speed, motile cilia impairment, and limited induction of innate antiviral responses when propagated in reconstructed nasal epithelia at physiological temperature. Omicron has the capacity to propagate efficiently but stealthily in the upper respiratory tract, which likely contributed to the evolutionary success of this SARS-CoV-2 variant.

2025-12-13 | GSE295759 | GEO

The Receptor Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants Targets Siglec-9 to Decrease the Immunogenicity by Preventing Phagocytosis of Macrophages

Project description:SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection results in a milder clinical feature compared to the Delta strain. The development of Omicron specific vaccine has also been hampered due to the low immunogenicity. By reverse-mutating the amino acids in the Omicron receptor binding domain (RBD), we identified that the mutation from Phenylalanine 375 (F375) in the Omicron spike to Serine 375 (S375) in Delta and other early strains significantly enhances the immune response in the manner of vaccines. Interestingly, the new evolution of the 371FAPF375FAF sequence in Omicron exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on macrophage uptake of the RBD nanoparticle or spike-pseudovirus particles. Omicron RBD enhances binding to Siglec-9 on macrophages to reduce the immunogenicity and increase the immune evasion, which could be abrogated by Serine 375 mutation. Based upon these observations, we further developed a bivalent Omicron RBD with S375 mutation and Delta RBD nanoparticle vaccine, which elicited potent and broad neutralizing antibodies in mice, rabbits, and rhesus macaques. Our research suggests that manipulating the Siglec-9 pathway could be a promising approach to enhancing vaccine response. Importantly, our findings suggest that Omicron subvariants have developed a new strategy to evade immune surveillance by impairing the phagocytosis and antigen presentation processes of macrophages.

2023-12-28 | GSE251973 | GEO

Immunological and Metabolic Characteristics of the Omicron Variants Infection

Project description:The Omicron variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), first identified in November 2021 in South Africa, has initiated the 5th wave of global pandemics. Here, we systemically examined immunological and metabolic characteristics of Omicron variants infection. We found Omicron resisted to neutralizing antibody targeting receptor binding domain (RBD) of wild-type SARS-CoV-2. Omicron could not be neutralized by sera of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) convalescent individuals who were infected with the Delta variant. Through mass spectrometry on MHC-bound peptidomes, we found that the spike protein of the Omicron variants could generate additional CD8+ T cell epitopes, compared with Delta. These epitopes could induce robust CD8+ T cell responses. Moreover, we found booster vaccination increased the cross-memory CD8+ T cell responses against Omicron. Metabolic regulome analysis of Omicron-specific T cell showed a metabolic profile that promoted memory T cell responses. Consistently, a higher fraction of memory CD8+ T cells were found in Omicron stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In addition, CD147 was also a receptor for the Omicron variants, and CD147 antibody inhibited infection of Omicron. CD147-mediated Omicron infection in a human CD147 transgenic mouse model induced exudative alveolar pneumonia. Taken together, our data suggested that vaccination booster and receptor blocking antibody are two effective strategies against Omicron.

2023-03-11 | PXD037955 | Pride

Differential pathogenic and molecular features in neurological infection of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5.2 and BA.2.75 and Delta

Project description:The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a global threat, exacerbated by the emergence of viral variants. Two variants of SARS-CoV-2, Omicron BA.2.75 and BA.5, led to global infection peaks between May 2022 and May 2023, yet their precise characteristics in pathogenesis are not well understood. In this study, we compared these two Omicron sublineages with the previously dominant Delta variant using a human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 knock-in mouse model. As expected, Delta exhibited higher viral replication in the lung and brain than both Omicron sublineages which induced less severe lung damage and immune activation. In contrast, the Omicron variants especially BA.5.2 showed a propensity for cellular proliferation and developmental pathways. Both Delta and BA.5.2 variants, but not BA.2.75, led to decreased pulmonary lymphocytes, indicating differential adaptive immune response. Neuroinvasiveness was shared with all strains, accompanied by vascular abnormalities, synaptic injury, and loss of astrocytes. However, Immunostaining assays and transcriptomic analysis showed that BA.5.2 displayed stronger immune suppression and neurodegeneration, while BA.2.75 exhibited more similar characteristics to Delta in the cortex. Such differentially infectious features could be partially attributed to the weakened interaction between Omicron Spike protein and host proteomes decoded via co-immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry in neuronal cells. Our present study supports attenuated replication and pathogenicity of Omicron variants but also highlights their newly infectious characteristics in the lung and brain, especially with BA.5.2 demonstrating enhanced immune evasion and neural damage that could exacerbate neurological sequelae.

2025-04-17 | GSE234799 | GEO

high-throughput transciptome study for rhesus macaque

Project description:In this study, we successfully identified the causal gene underlying the phenotype of extreme high insulin level in a founder population of rhesus macaque. To further reveal the molecular mechanism, especially the effect of mutated gene on transcriptome profile, we performed paired-end, strand-specific, polyA-postive RNA-Seq in two tissues (fat and muscle) of both case and control monkeys.

2018-04-23 | GSE79223 | GEO

Distinct Core Glycan and O-Glycoform Utilization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Spike Protein RBD Revealed by Top-Down Mass Spectrometry

Project description:The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant possesses numerous spike (S) mutations particularly in the S receptor-binding domain (S-RBD) that significantly improve transmissibility and evasion of neutralizing antibodies. But exactly how the mutations in the Omicron variant enhance viral escape from immunological protection remains to be understood. The S-RBD remains the principal target for neutralizing antibodies and therapeutics, thus new structural insights into the Omicron S-RBD and characterization of the post-translational glycosylation changes can inform rational design of vaccines and therapeutics. Here we report the molecular variations and O-glycoform changes of the Omicron S-RBD variant as compared to wild-type (WA1/2020) and Delta (B.1.617.2) variants using high-resolution top-down mass spectrometry (MS). A novel O-glycosite (Thr376) unique to the Omicron variant is identified. Moreover, we have directly quantified the Core 1 and Core 2 O-glycan structures and characterized the O-glycoform structural heterogeneity of the three variants. Our findings reveal high resolution detail of Omicron O-glycoforms and their utilization to provide direct molecular evidence of proteoform alterations in the Omicron variant which could shed light on how this variant escapes immunological protection.

2022-08-08 | MSV000090098 | MassIVE

Merkt2024 - SEIR based model of SARS-CoV-2 variant spread and cross-immunity in Ethiopia

Project description:Spanning August 2020 to July 2022, this model reconstructs SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection dynamics across multiple variants — mainly wildtype, Alpha, Delta, and Omicron BA.4/5. It describes how each variant spread through the population, incorporating cross-immunity between variants. The model is calibrated using seroprevalence data, PCR positivity rates, and variant sequencing, providing insights into how prior infections shaped susceptibility to future waves.

2025-04-12 | MODEL2504120001 | BioModels

Structural dynamics in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein: HDX-MS analysis of the spike of alpha, beta, delta and omicron variants - in apo state and in complex with the ACE2 receptor

Project description:The spike glycoprotein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mediates binding to the ACE2 receptor and subsequent membrane fusion. It exists in a range of conformations, including a closed state unable to bind the ACE2 receptor, and an open state that does so but displays more exposed antigenic surface. Spikes of variants of concern (VOCs) acquired amino acid changes linked to different opening probabilities, increased SARS-CoV-2 virulence and immune evasion. Here, using hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS), we analyzed the spike of the original Wuhan isolate, G614 mutant, spike of alpha, beta, delta and omicron VOCs and the isolated ancestral receptor binding domain (RBD) - in apo state and in complex with the ACE2 receptor. We identified changes in spike dynamics that we associated with the transition from closed to open conformation, to ACE2 binding, and to specific mutations in VOCs. We show that the RBD-associated subdomain plays a role in spike opening, whereas the NTD acts as a hotspot of conformational divergence of VOC spikes driving immune evasion. Alpha, beta and delta spikes assume predominantly open conformations and a strong ACE2 binding increases the dynamics of their core helices, priming spikes for fusion. Conversely, substitutions in omicron spike lead to predominantly binding-incompetent closed conformations, presumably enabling it to escape antibodies. At the same time, its core helices show characteristics of being pre-primed for fusion even in the absence of ACE2. These data inform on SARS-CoV-2 evolution and omicron variant emergence.

2023-03-15 | PXD039762 | Pride

Transcriptomic response of human primary astrocytes to two different variants of SARS-CoV-2

Project description:A pivotal role of astrocytes in the pathophysiology of CNS disorders during the SARS-CoV-2 infection of brain has been proposed. Thus, the study was performed to reveal astrocyte response to infection caused by either Omicron or Delta variant.

2025-03-01 | E-MTAB-14745 | biostudies-arrayexpress

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data