Extracellular vesicles for parasite-parasite transmission by Giardiavirus
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Giardia Intestinalis Assemblage A
SUBMITTER: 
Pengtao Gong
PROVIDER: PXD053054 | iProX | Wed Jun 12 00:00:00 BST 2024
REPOSITORIES: iProX
Similar Datasets
Project description:Extracellular vesicles (EVs) comprise a novel mechanism for cellular communication by transferring protein and nucleic acid cargo between cells. By utilizing a sequential filtration protocol, we were able to effectively separate microvesicles (MVs), exosomes and membrane-unbound ribonuclear protein complexes (RNPs) released from EGFR- (Acquaviva, 2011) and PDGFR-driven (Jun, 2018) genetically engineered mouse glioblastoma (GMB) cell lines. Regardless of the oncogenic driver of the tumor, different species of RNA partition into different extracellular compartments, with the mRNA in MVs most closely representing the cellular transcriptome, while miRNAs and tRNA fragments segregate into exosomes and RNPs, respectively. This EV RNA profile, combined with the cognate proteomics data, also serves as a reference for future GBM biomarker discovery.
2018-12-07 | GSE123414 | GEO
Project description:Similar to bacterial proteins that are targeted to distinct macrophages organelles via extracellular vesicles, we propose that these vesicles also traffic small RNAs to modulate specific host factors. To test this, we aim to sequence extracellular vesicle derived sRNA, and whole bacterial small RNAs to determine selectivity, and to identify their bacterial and mammalian targets (Experimental Plan in Table-1). For this we will collect highly purified vesicles from N. gonorrhoeae (strain MS11A). We will also treat mouse derived primary macrophages with extracellular vesicles and compare their RNA response to untreated macrophages (Table-2). This will provide novel insights into how macrophages respond to N. gonorrhoeae infections. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/
2016-03-01 | E-ERAD-439 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics analysis of extracellular vesicles secreted by an environmental strain and a clinical strain of Acanthamoeba castellanii.
2024-04-05 | MSV000094477 | GNPS
Project description:Emerging evidence suggests that immune cells not only communicate with each other through cytokines, chemokines, and cell surface receptors, but also by releasing small membranous structures known as extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs carry a variety of different molecules that can be taken up by recipient cells. Parasitic worms are well known for their immunomodulatory properties, but whether they can affect immune responses by altering EV-driven communication between host immune cells remains unclear. Here we provide evidence that stimulation of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) with soluble products of Trichuris suis (TSPs), leads to the release of EVs with anti-inflammatory properties. Specifically, we found that EVs from TSP-pulsed BMDMs, but not those from unstimulated BMDMs can suppress TNFα and IL-6 release in LPS-stimulated BMDMs and BMDCs. However, no polarization toward M1 or M2 was observed in macrophages exposed to EVs. Moreover, EVs enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the exposed BMDMs, which was associated with a deregulated redox homeostasis as revealed by pathway analysis of transcriptomic data. Proteomic analysis identified cytochrome p450 (CYP450) as a potential source of ROS in EVs from TSP-pulsed BMDMs. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of CYP450 activity could suppress ROS production in those BMDMs. In summary, we find that TSPs can modulate immune responses not only via direct interactions but also indirectly by eliciting the release of EVs from BMDMs that exert anti-inflammatory effects on recipient cells.
| S-EPMC8365858 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Trichomonas vaginalis, the etiologic agent of the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection worldwide. With an estimated annual prevalence of 276 million new cases, mixed infections with different parasite strains are expected. Although it is known that parasites interact with their host to enhance their own survival and transmission, evidence of mixed infections call into question the extent to which unicellular parasites communicate with each other. Here, we demonstrated that different T. vaginalis strains can communicate through the formation of cytoneme-like membranous cell connections. We showed that cytonemes formation of an adherent parasite strain (CDC1132) is affected in the presence of a different strain (G3 or B7RC2). Our findings provide evidence that this effect is contact-independent and that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are responsible, at least in part, of the communication among strains. We found that EVs isolated from G3, B7RC2, and CDC1132 strains contain a highly distinct repertoire of proteins, some of them involved in signaling and communication, among other functions. Finally, we showed that parasite adherence to host cells is affected by communication between strains as binding of adherent T. vaginalis CDC1132 strain to prostate cells is significantly higher in the presence of G3 or B7RC2 strains. We also observed that a poorly adherent parasite strain (G3) adheres more strongly to prostate cells in the presence of an adherent strain. The study of signaling, sensing, and cell communication in parasitic organisms will enhance our understanding of the basic biological characteristics of parasites, which may have important consequences in pathogenesis.
| S-EPMC10270686 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Exosomes/microvesicles (hereafter referred to as extracellular vesicles) were isolated from the ULF of day 14 cyclic and pregnant ewes using ExoQuick-TC. Extracellular vesicle RNA was pooled (n=4 per status) and analyzed for small RNAs by sequencing on the Ion Torrent PGM platform and analysis with CLC Genomics Workbench small RNA workflow based on the miRBase (Release 19) Bos taurus database. Small RNA analysis of day 14 uterine luminal fluid extracellular vesicles isolated from pregnant and cyclic ewes.
2014-01-11 | E-GEOD-53974 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:BackgroundImproved diagnostic tools are needed for detecting active filarial infections in humans. Tests are available that detect adult W. bancrofti circulating filarial antigen, but there are no sensitive and specific biomarker tests for brugian filariasis or loiasis. Here we explored whether extracellular vesicles released by filarial parasites contain diagnostic biomarker candidates.MethodsVesicles were isolated using VN96-affinity purification from supernatants of short-term in vitro cultured B. malayi microfilariae (Mf) and analyzed by mass spectrometry (Bruker timsTOF). Parasite-specific proteins were identified by bioinformatic analysis and a protein was called present if supported by ≥ 2 spectra. After validation with cultures parasites, this approach was then used to analyze vesicles isolated from plasma of animals infected with B. malayi and from humans with heavy Loa loa infections.ResultsVesicles from Mf cultures contained more than 300 B. malayi proteins with high consistency across biological replicates. These included the known Mf excretory antigen BmR1 (AF225296). Over 150 B. malayi proteins were detected in vesicles isolated from plasma samples from two infected animals. Vesicles isolated from plasma from 10 persons with high L. loa Mf densities contained consistently 21 proteins, 9 of them were supported by at least 5 unique peptides and 7 with spectral counts above 10. The protein EN70_10600 (an orthologue of the B. malayi antigen BmR1, GenBank AF225296) was detected in all 10 samples with a total count of 91 spectra and a paralogue (EN70_10598) was detected in 6 samples with a total of 44 spectra.DiscussionExtracellular vesicles released by filarial parasites in vitro and in vivo contain parasite proteins which can be reliably detected by mass spectrometry. This research provides the foundation to develop antigen detection assays to improve diagnosis of active filarial infections in humans.
| S-EPMC11732158 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: There is some evidence demonstrating the effect of psychological interventions in improvements in health biological parameters. To best of our knowledge, no study had addressed the impact of any psychological intervention on extracellular vesicles. In addition, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Emotion Focused Therapy for Cancer Recovery (EFT-CR) in the group have never been explored regarding extracellular vesicles and the effectiveness of these was not compared yet.
Objectives:
1. To explore and compare the effect of MBCT and EFT-CR on biological parameters and psychological variables in distressed people who have had breast, prostate and colorectal cancer;
2. In addition, we will explore the acceptability through recruitment and retention rates of MBCT and EFT-CR in group and evaluate whether these interventions are appropriate for a larger clinical trial.
Methods: The design of this study is a parallel randomized controlled trial. Participants will be randomized into MBCT, EFT-CR or usual care. Outcome measures will be assessed before, at the end of the intervention (8 weeks) and follow-ups (24 and 52 weeks from the baseline moment).
Hypotheses: The researchers expected that both interventions will have an effect on extracellular vesicles and other study biomarkers as well as improvements in psychological outcomes, compared to treatment as usual (TAU) group. Regarding the comparative effectiveness, we did not have evidence to hypothesize which one of the interventions will be superior in both biological (extracellular vesicles) and psychological outcomes.
Contribution for practice: The results of this preliminary study would permit to know if there are benefits of these psychological interventions on changes in extracellular vesicles and on psychological outcomes related to health. In addition, this study will permit to determine the acceptability of conducting a larger randomized controlled trial.
| 2332322 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Exosomes/microvesicles (hereafter referred to as extracellular vesicles) were isolated from the ULF of day 14 cyclic and pregnant ewes using ExoQuick-TC. Extracellular vesicle RNA was pooled (n=4 per status) and analyzed for small RNAs by sequencing on the Ion Torrent PGM platform and analysis with CLC Genomics Workbench small RNA workflow based on the miRBase (Release 19) Bos taurus database.
2014-01-11 | GSE53974 | GEO
Project description:Most cancer-related deaths are caused by distant metastases, which are tumour cells that have escaped from a primary tumour and passed into the bloodstream to colonize a new organ. In this context, communication between tumour and stromal cells is essential. Indeed, tumor cells interact with cells in the tumor microenvironment and are able to modify them to their advantage. Both extracellular vesicles (EVs) and exosomes are heterogeneous populations of small vesicles present in the tumor microenvironment and in body fluids that have recently emerged as powerful mediators involved in this communication and their transport in fluids. Tumor cells release large quantities of exosomes containing tumor markers, which can then spread to distant locations.
The exosomes are of endosomal origin. They are composed of proteins, lipids, RNA and DNA, and they circulate in the bloodstream. They can be internalized by specific distant cells and thus deliver a functional message. It has recently been shown that tumor exosomes containing pro-metastatic factors form pre-metastatic niches, before the tumor cells actually arrive, while determining the metastatic organotropism of tumors. These properties are now opening up new avenues of research in tumor biomarkers. In recent years, several studies have highlighted different markers contained specifically in exosomes derived from cancer cells. Consequently, exosomes are considered as potential reservoirs of tumor biomarkers that could be clinically useful for the non-invasive diagnosis of cancer, with the advantage of being performed by liquid biopsy. The study of microRNA (miRNA) is of particular interest. Indeed, miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs (between 21 and 25 nucleotides) involved in the regulation of gene expression and which are frequently deregulated in cancer. Several studies underline that the variation of free miRNAs in the blood is correlated with the progression of the disease, particularly in colon cancer. However, the stability of free miRNAs is controversial. Therefore, exosomes represent a very advantageous means of transporting miRNAs in the blood, as they are able to protect miRNAs from degradation by RNAase.
The hypothesis of the project is that circulating exosomes derived from tumours contain markers including specific miRNAs that could be used as biomarkers of early prognosis (survival and progression), easily measured in blood samples from patients with colon cancer. But other molecules contained in exosomes could also be of interest.
| 2349603 | ecrin-mdr-crc