Project description:we employed human miRNA Microarray assay to identify differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs in response to HSV-1 infection of SH-SY5Y and U87MG cells. The significantly DE miRNAs existed in U87MG but not SH-SY5Y cells at 4 hours post-infection (hpi), HSV-1 latency-associated transcripts (LAT)-derived miRNAs were not abundantly expressed in both SH-SY5Y and U87MG cells, meanwhile, HSV-1 replication was significantly inhibited in U87MG but not SH-SY5Y. Pathway enrichment analysis results showed that target genes of 10 down-regulated DE miRNAs were significantly enriched in Janus kinase-signal transducers and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling and Herpes simplex virus infection in U87MG cells at 4 hpi. These results indicated that DE of miRNAs may contribute to the HSV-1 replication inhibition in U87MG cells and also may be linked to HSV-1 latency in neurons.
Project description:Primary human fetal foreskin fibroblasts (HFFF) were infected with the ICP22-null mutant of HSV-1 and HSV-1 Wt strain F at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 10 for 8 and 12 hpi. Cells were treated for 8 or 12 hours with the phosphonoacetic acid (PAA) (350ug/ml). Total cellular RNA was isolated using Trizol. T-HF cells were grown either in the presence or absence of DOX. Upon DOX exposure, cells expressed either HA-ICP22 or HA-ICP22 and V5-ICP27. T-HF HA-ICP22 cells were treated with 80 mM KCl (salt stress) for 2 hours before collecting the total RNA. Total cellular RNA was isolated using Trizol.
Project description:The sperm energy restriction and recovery (SER) treatment developed in our laboratory was shown to improve fertilization and blastocyst development following in vitro fertilization (IVF) in mice. Here, we investigated the effects of SER on early embryogenesis. Developmental events observed during the first cell cycle indicated that progression through the pronuclear stages of SER-generated embryos is advanced in comparison with control-generated embryos. These findings prompted further analysis of potential effects of SER on pronuclear chromatin dynamics, focusing on the key H3K4me3 and H3K27ac histone modifications. Nearly all the SER-generated embryos displayed H3K4me3 in the male pronuclei at 12 hours post-insemination (HPI), while a subset of the control-generated embryos did not. Additionally, SER-generated embryos dis-played a more homogenous intensity of H3K27ac at 8 and 12 HPI compared to control embryos. These changes in histone modifications during the first cell cycle were accompanied by differences in gene expression at the two-cell stage; both of these changes in early embryos could potentially play a role in the improved developmental outcomes of these embryos later in development. Our results indicate that sperm incubation conditions have an impact on early embryo develop-ment and can be useful for the improvement of assisted reproductive technology outcomes.
Project description:After HSV-1 infection, ribosomal protein RPSA can recognize viral DNA. To further verify the biological function of RPSA, we constructed the RPSA-deficient RAW264.7 macrophage cell line with the inducible CRISPR-Cas9 system, then found that the deletion of RPSA could effectively reduce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and TNFα induced by HSV-1 infection.
Project description:For Samples 1-8 and 11-18: The innate immune sensor retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) detects double-stranded RNA derived from RNA viruses, and recent studies have demonstrated that RIG-I also plays a role in the antiviral response to DNA viruses. To identify the physiological RNA species that are recognized by RIG-I during HSV-1 infection, we purified the RNAs that co-immunoprecipitated with FLAG-tagged RIG-I in transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells that had been infected with a recombinant HSV-1 (hereafter referred to as HSV-1 mut) containing a mutation (K220A) in the viral serine/threonine protein kinase US3 that abolishes its catalytic activity, as the viral kinase is known to antagonize type-I IFN responses. As controls, RNA species bound to FLAG-RIG-I in uninfected cells and RNA bound to FLAG-GFP from both HSV-1 mut-infected and uninfected cells were also purified. RIG-I-bound RNA and total RNA extracted from uninfected and HSV-1 mut-infected cells were analyzed by RNAseq, and the resulting sequences were mapped to both the HSV-1F-strain and human genome (hg38). This analysis revealed that several human transcripts were highly enriched in the RIG-I-bound fraction from infected cells; in contrast, the enrichment of viral sequences was low. The cellular transcripts that were most abundant in the RIG-I fraction were predominantly non-coding RNAs from different subclasses, as well as some coding RNAs. For Samples 9 and 10: HSV-1 infection is known to induces changes in the transcriptional profile of the infected cell. To analyze global changes in RNA transcript levels in infected cells, total RNA was extracted from HEK 293T cells that were infected with wild-type (WT) HSV-1. For comparison, total RNA was extracted from HEK 293T cells that remained uninfected. Next, RNAseq analysis was performed. The resulting sequences were mapped to the human genome, and gene inductions were calculated and normalized to uninfected samples to determine changes in gene expression upon infection.
Project description:Administration of recombinant interferons to 3D brain organoid cultures infected with HSV reveals a strong antiviral effect of IFN-alpha against HSV
Project description:We found that the germline transcription factor double homeobox 4 (DUX4) is upregulated upon infection with wild-type herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). The goal of this experiment was to compare the cellular transcriptome of HEK293T cells that were infected with HSV-1 (KOS strain), or transfected with a plasmid encoding human DUX4.
Project description:In this study, we investigated the effects of HSV-1 infection on tau phosphorylation in human brain cortical organoids. Our findings demonstrate that HSV-1 triggers nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated tau in neurons within the developing cortical plate as well as in neural precursor cells (NPCs) in the ventricular/subventricular-like zones of these differentiating cortical structures. Antiviral treatment effectively inhibited nuclear tau accumulation in both KOS- and 17syn+-infected organoids. Importantly, for the first time we provide evidence of a potential interaction of phosphorylated tau with HSV-1 genome. Furthermore, we ruled out the involvement of the Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) in the nuclear phosphorylation of tau. Finally, we show that HSV-1 causes a significant alteration in the abundance of components of nuclear speckles and proteins known to be associated with neurodegenerative diseases.