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Fish-specific piscidins MsPiscidin1 and MsPiscidin3 enhance antiviral defense through immunomodulation in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

ABSTRACT: Fish-specific piscidins are important antimicrobial peptides in teleost innate immunity, but their host-directed antiviral mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the immune-priming effects of largemouth bass MsPiscidin1 and MsPiscidin3 in MSDF cells. Because these peptides protect host cells from MSRV infection without strong evidence of direct virucidal activity, we performed phosphoproteomic analysis of MSDF cells treated with MsPiscidin1, MsPiscidin3, or vehicle control for 24 h. The aim was to define phosphorylation-associated cellular changes induced by peptide priming before viral challenge. The resulting dataset identified phosphoprotein signatures related to membrane remodeling, vesicle trafficking, autophagy, PI3K–mTOR signaling, ubiquitin-dependent regulation, and innate immune-related pathways. These data provide a useful reference for exploring how piscidins establish an antiviral-ready cellular state and for identifying candidate regulators of fish AMP-mediated immune priming.

ORGANISM(S): Micropterus Salmoides Salmoides

SUBMITTER: Chenjie Fei

PROVIDER: PXD081152 | iProX | Wed Jul 15 00:00:00 GMT+01:00 2026

REPOSITORIES: iProX

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Project description:Live fish transport often results in mass mortality, but the underlying mechanisms are not well known. Largemouth bass (LMB, Micropterus salmoides) juveniles were subjected to 4-hour transportation followed by 5 days of recovery. Mortality (33.61 ± 10.58 %) of the transported fish mainly occurred between 2 and 3 days of recovery. Except for the dead fish, the survivors demonstrating abnormal symptoms were considered more sensitive to the transport stress than the normal ones. Liver of the abnormal fish had significantly (p < 0.05) lower glutathione (GSH) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and irregular cellular morphology. The liver and spleen collected before transportation (T0), at the end of transportation (Te), after 1 day of recovery (R1d), and after 3, 4 and 5 days of recovery (R3d, R4d and R5d, from both the normal and abnormal fish) were subjected to RNA-sequencing. Time series gene expression data of the T0, Te, R1d, R3d-R5d (from the normal fish) samples were analyzed to explore transcriptional responses elicited by the transport stress. Transportation-activated transcriptional regulations could be classified as immediate response (Te), and early (R1d) and late recovery (R3d to R5d) phase in both tissues. High tissue specificity was found for functional enrichments of the up-regulated genes. The up-regulated genes of the liver are highly enriched in cholesterol, sterol and steroid biosynthesis, while those of the spleen are primarily associated with hemopoiesis and immune response. However, large numbers of functional enrichments were shared by the down-regulated genes of the liver and spleen, especially during the recovery phase. Representatives of the depressed processes included neurogenesis, angiogenesis and cell migration, etc. Moreover, large numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the normal and abnormal fish. Functional enrichment analyses for the DEGs revealed that failing to terminate the stress responses in the spleen and over depression of the physiological roles of the liver are critical for stress susceptibility of the abnormal fish. Furthermore, an array of core genes associated with stress susceptibility were identified. Our data provide novel insights into the genetic factors underlying susceptibility of LMB to the transport stress.

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Fish-specific piscidins MsPiscidin1 and MsPiscidin3 enhance antiviral defense through immunomodulation in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

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