Project description:Spatially resolved gene expression was prepard by dissociated hman prostate tissue to single cells, and collected & prepped for RNA-seq using the Visium Spatial Gene Expression kit. 5000 cells were collected and sequenced at a depth of 50k cells/gene on a 2X150nt lane in a NovaSeq 6000. SpaceRanger alignment was performed to produce the RAW files
Project description:Aberrant sterol lipid metabolism is associated with physiological dysfunctions in the aging brain and aging-dependent disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases. There is an unmet demand to comprehensively profile sterol lipids spatially and temporally in different brain regions during aging. Here, we develop an ion mobility-mass spectrometry based four-dimensional sterolomics technology leveraged by a machine learning-empowered high-coverage library (>2000 sterol lipids) for accurate identification. We apply this four-dimensional technology to profile the spatially resolved landscapes of sterol lipids in ten functional regions of the mouse brain, and quantitatively uncover ~200 sterol lipids uniquely distributed in specific regions with concentrations spanning up to 8 orders of magnitude. Further spatial analysis pinpoints age-associated differences in region-specific sterol lipid metabolism, revealing changes in the numbers of altered sterol lipids, concentration variations, and age-dependent coregulation networks. These findings will contribute to our understanding of abnormal sterol lipid metabolism and its role in brain diseases.
Project description:Using integrated genomics we identify a role for CLEC12A in antibacterial autophagy. Clec12a-/- mice are more susceptible to bacterial infection and CLEC12A deficient cells exhibit impaired antibacterial autophagy. We used transcriptional profilinf to understand the role of CLEC12A in the response to Salmonella and Listeria. Bone marrow-derived macrophages from WT or Clec12a-/- mice were infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium or Listeria monocytogenes. Cells were harvested at 0,3,6, and 24hours post-infection for RNA analysis. Please note that single-end sequencing was performed but two files: R1 files that contained the sample barcodes (19 or 17bp reads) and R2 files that contained the single-end-sequenced 46bp cDNA reads were generated. Since the barcode info is mostly redundant, only R2 reads were submitted (described in 'raw_file_readme.txt').
Project description:In this study, we screened 457 tissue samples of patients with various pancreatic neoplasms by transcriptional profiling. In the analysis, we focused particularly on the expression variations detected for genes that are associated with autophagy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and cystic tumors as well as the tumors macro-environment. The files contain both raw and normalized data.
Project description:Observational, Multicenter, Post-market, Minimal risk, Prospective data collection of PillCam SB3 videos (including PillCam reports) and raw data files and optional collection of Eneteroscopy reports
Project description:Developmental and homeostatic remodeling of cellular organelles is mediated by a complex process termed autophagy. The cohort of proteins that constitute the autophagy machinery function in a multistep biochemical pathway. Though components of the autophagy machinery are broadly expressed, autophagy can occur in specialized cellular contexts, and mechanisms underlying cell type-specific autophagy are poorly understood. We demonstrate that the master regulator of hematopoiesis GATA-1 directly activates transcription of genes encoding the essential autophagy component Microtubule Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3B (LC3B) and its homologs (MAP1LC3A, GABARAP, GABARAPL1, GATE-16). In addition, GATA-1 directly activates genes involved in the biogenesis/function of lysosomes, which mediate autophagic protein turnover. We demonstrate that GATA-1 utilizes the forkhead protein FoxO3 to activate select autophagy genes. GATA-1-dependent LC3B induction is tightly coupled to accumulation of the active form of LC3B and autophagosomes, which mediate mitochondrial clearance as a critical step in erythropoiesis. These results illustrate a novel mechanism by which a master regulator of development establishes a genetic network to instigate cell type-specific autophagy. Genome-wide maps of GATA1 factor occupancy in primary human PBMC derived erythroblasts
Project description:Using an experimental TBI rat model of mild/moderate Controlled Cortical Impact (CCI) injury, we combined large-scale proteomics identification and relative quantification using Spatially-Resolved Microproteomics with MALDI MS Imaging of Lipids. Spatially by studying different regions in the brain post injury in a coronal view, with main focus on the injury site itself. Temporally by studying the acute and subacute phase post injury, including injured rat brains at 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, and 10 days post injury. Direct on-tissue micro-digestion followed by micoextraction from 1 mm2 surface area within the injured cortical tissue were subjected to LC-MS & MS/MS analysis using HR MS. In addition, several identified potential biomarkers within our study were used to stimulate dorsal root ganglion (DRG), astrocyte, and macrophage cell lines to obtain a better understanding of their role and contribution in the injury.
Project description:Hypoxia is negatively associated with glioblastoma patient survival and contributes strongly to tumor resistance. Unfortunately novel anti-angiogenic therapy increases hypoxia and activates survival pathways in tumor cells leading to inevitable tumor relapse. Here we demonstrate that primary glioma cultures and cell lines depend on autophagy to survive severe hypoxia but also at normal oxygen levels. Positive regulators of autophagy are expressed at higher levels in tumor cells and induction in severe hypoxia is more prominent compared to normal brain cells. We demonstrate that autophagy is an essential/critical target for novel treatment in glioblastoma. We show ATG9A is induced by severe hypoxia and could be a novel player of the autophagic response in glioma cells. ATG9A targeting inhibited tumor growth, suggesting an essential role in glioma cell survival in vivo. While autophagy induction was also observed in normal astrocytes, glioma cells displayed a higher sensitivity towards autophagy inhibitors. Importantly, patient-derived cultures exhibited varying sensitivity towards anti-autophagy treatment, where certain cultures were dependent on autophagy already in normoxic conditions. The treatment of tumor bearing mice with the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine significantly increased mice survival, but combination treatment of the agent with bevacizumab did not reveal additive or synergistic effect. The present study demonstrates that inhibition of autophagy using chloroquine as a single agent provides a novel treatment strategy against glioblastoma. It remains to be seen whether autophagy inhibition will improve current standard of care treatment of newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients and whether more specific inhibitors will lead to stronger therapeutic outcome. (Provisional)
Project description:This study examined the effects of genetic knockdown of autophagy genes on vertebrate cardiac development We performed microarray studies comparing the hearts of control zebrafish embryos to the hearts of embryos with decreased expression of the autophagy genes atg5, becn1 or atg7. The results provide insight into the role of autophagy in developmental morphogenesis. Hearts were purified from 3 day-old zebrafish embryos injected with control or autophagy gene-specific morpholino oligonucleotides. RNA was prepared from all samples and hybridized to zebrafish-specific Affymetricx arrays.
Project description:During pneumonic plague, the bacterium Yersinia pestis elicits the development of inflammatory lung lesions that continue to expand throughout infection. This lesion development and persistence is poorly understood. Here, we examine spatially distinct regions of lung lesions using laser capture microdissection and RNAseq analysis to identify transcriptional differences between lesion microenvironments. We show that cellular pathways involved in leukocyte migration and apoptosis are down regulated in the center of lung lesions compared to the periphery. Probing for the bacterial factor(s) important for the alteration in neutrophil survival, we show both in vitro and in vivo that Y. pestis increases neutrophil survival in a manner that is dependent on the type-III secretion system effector YopM. This research explores the complexity of spatially distinct host - microbe interactions and emphasizes the importance of cell relevance in assays in order to fully understand Y. pestis virulence. We examine spatially distinct regions of lung lesions using laser capture microdissection and RNAseq analysis to identify transcriptional differences between lesion microenvironments. Sample types: uninfected BM-PMN, infected BM-PMN, lesion periphery, lesion center.