Growth heterosis in maize is associated with expression heterosis of chloroplast ribosomes
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive HF
ORGANISM(S): Zea Mays (ncbitaxon:4577)
SUBMITTER: 
Steven P Briggs
PROVIDER: MSV000085916 | MassIVE | Wed Aug 05 13:28:00 BST 2020
REPOSITORIES: MassIVE
Similar Datasets
Project description:Intercropping is a vital technology in resource-limited agricultural systems with low inputs. Peanut/maize intercropping enhances iron (Fe) nutrition in calcareous soil. Proteomic studies of the differences in peanut leaves, maize leaves and maize roots between intercropping and monocropping systems indicated that peanut/maize intercropping not only improves Fe availability in the rhizosphere but also influences the levels of proteins related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Moreover, intercropping may enhance stress resistance in the peanut plant (Xiong et al. 2013b). Although the mechanism and molecular ecological significance of peanut/maize intercropping have been investigated, little is known about the genes and/or gene products in peanut and maize roots that mediate the benefits of intercropping. In the present study, we investigated the transcriptomes of maize roots grown in intercropping and monocropping systems by microarray analysis. The results enabled exploration differentially expressed genes in intercropped maize. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. cv. Luhua14) and maize (Zea mays L. cv. Nongda108) seeds were grown in calcareous sandy soil in a greenhouse. The soil was enhanced with basal fertilizers [composition (mg·kg−1 soil): N, 100 (Ca (NO3)2·4H2O); P, 150 (KH2PO4); K, 100 (KCl); Mg, 50 (MgSO4·7H2O); Cu, 5 (CuSO4·5H2O); and Zn, 5 (ZnSO4·7H2O)]. The experiment consisted of three cropping treatments: peanut monocropping, maize monocropping and intercropping of peanut and maize. After germination of peanut for 10 days, maize was sown. Maize samples were harvested after 63 days of growth of peanut plants based on the degree of Fe chlorosis in the leaves of monocropped peanut. The leaves of monocropped peanut plants exhibited symptoms of Fe-deficiency chlorosis at 63 days, while the leaves of peanut plants intercropped with maize maintained a green color.
2017-01-24 | GSE93771 | GEO
Project description:As maize (Zea mays) plants undergo vegetative phase change from juvenile to adult, they both exhibit heteroblasty, an abrupt change in patterns of leaf morphogenesis, and gain the ability to produce flowers. Both processes are under the control of microRNA 156, whose levels decline at the end of the juvenile phase. Gain of ability to flower is conferred by expression of miR156 targets that encode Squamosa Promoter-Binding (SBP) transcription factors, which when derepressed in the adult phase induce the expression of MADS-box transcription factors that promote maturation and flowering. What gene expression differences underlie heteroblasty, as well as what regulates miR156 levels, remain open questions. Here, we compare gene expression in primordia that will develop into juvenile or adult leaves to identify genes that define these two developmental states and may influence vegetative phase change. In comparisons among successive leaves at the same developmental stage of plastochron 6, three-fourths of approximately 1,100 differentially expressed genes were more highly expressed in primordia of juvenile leaves. This juvenile set was enriched in photosynthetic genes, particularly those associated with cyclic electron flow at photosystem I, and in genes involved in oxidative stress and retrograde redox signaling. Pathogen- and herbivory-responsive pathways including jasmonic acid and salicylic acid were also up-regulated in juvenile primordia and indeed, exogenous application of jasmonic acid both delayed the appearance of adult traits and the decline of miR156 levels in maize seedlings. The successful amelioration of stress signals thus plays an important role in inducing vegetative phase change in maize.
2015-10-24 | GSE74295 | GEO
Project description:Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the major cereal crops worldwide. Increasing planting density is an effective way to improve crop yield. However, plants grown under high-density conditions compete for water, nutrients, and light, which often leads to changes in productivity. To date, few studies have determined the transcriptomic differences in maize leaves in response to different planting densities. This study examined the whole-genome expression patterns in the leaves of maize planted under high and low densities to identify density-regulated genes. Leaves at upper, ear, and lower stem nodes were collected at the grain-filling stage of the maize hybrid Xianyu335 grown under low-density planting and high-density planting. In total, 72, 733, and 1,739 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the respective upper, ear, and lower leaves under HDP. Upregulated and downregulated DEGs in the upper and lower leaves were similar in number, whereas upregulated DEGs in the ear leaves were significantly higher in number than the downregulated DEGs. Functional analysis indicated that genes responding to HDP-related stresses were mediated by pathways involving four phytohormones responsible for metabolism and signaling, osmoprotectant biosynthesis, transcription factors, and fatty acid biosynthesis and protein kinases, which suggested that these pathways are affected by the adaptive responses mechanisms underlying the physiological and biochemical responses of the leaves of maize planted at high density.
2020-06-29 | GSE152107 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: The goal of this analysis is that to reveal the different expression pattern in chilling-tolerant and chilling susceptible lines under chilling stress.Chilling is a major stress to plants of subtropical and tropical origins including maize. To reveal molecular mechanisms underlying chilling tolerance and chilling survival, we investigated maize transcriptome responses to chilling stress in differentiated leaves and roots as well as in crowns with meristem activity for survival. Chilling stress on maize shoots and roots is found to each contribute to seedling lethality in maize. Comparison of maize lines with different chilling tolerance capacity reveals that chilling survival in maize is highly associated with upregulation in leaves and crowns of abscisic acid response pathway, transcriptional regulators and metal ion transporters as well as downregulation of heat response in crowns. Comparison of chilling treatment on whole and part of the plants reveals that response to distal-chilling is very distinct from, and sometimes opposite to, response to local- or whole-plant chilling in both leaves and roots, suggesting a communication between shoots and roots in environmental perception. In sum, this study details chilling responses in leaves, roots and crowns and reveals potential chilling survival mechanism in maize, which lays ground for further understanding survival and tolerance mechanisms under low but non-freezing temperatures in tropical and subtropical plants.
2023-02-19 | GSE167156 | GEO
Project description:As maize (Zea mays) plants undergo vegetative phase change from juvenile to adult, they both exhibit heteroblasty, an abrupt change in patterns of leaf morphogenesis, and gain the ability to produce flowers. Both processes are under the control of microRNA 156, whose levels decline at the end of the juvenile phase. Gain of ability to flower is conferred by expression of miR156 targets that encode Squamosa Promoter-Binding (SBP) transcription factors, which when derepressed in the adult phase induce the expression of MADS-box transcription factors that promote maturation and flowering. What gene expression differences underlie heteroblasty, as well as what regulates miR156 levels, remain open questions. Here, we compare gene expression in primordia that will develop into juvenile or adult leaves to identify genes that define these two developmental states and may influence vegetative phase change. In comparisons among successive leaves at the same developmental stage of plastochron 6, three-fourths of approximately 1,100 differentially expressed genes were more highly expressed in primordia of juvenile leaves. This juvenile set was enriched in photosynthetic genes, particularly those associated with cyclic electron flow at photosystem I, and in genes involved in oxidative stress and retrograde redox signaling. Pathogen- and herbivory-responsive pathways including jasmonic acid and salicylic acid were also up-regulated in juvenile primordia and indeed, exogenous application of jasmonic acid both delayed the appearance of adult traits and the decline of miR156 levels in maize seedlings. The successful amelioration of stress signals thus plays an important role in inducing vegetative phase change in maize. 12 untreated samples (8mm primordia of leaves 1-12) and 1 treated sample (leaf 5 primordium, 15mM JA treatment). 2 or more technical replicates per sample
2015-10-24 | E-GEOD-74295 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Chilling is a major stress to plants of subtropical and tropical origins including maize. To reveal molecular mechanisms underlying chilling tolerance and chilling survival, we investigated maize transcriptome responses to chilling stress in differentiated leaves and roots as well as in crowns with meristem activity for survival. Chilling stress on maize shoots and roots is found to each contribute to seedling lethality in maize. Comparison of maize lines with different chilling tolerance capacity reveals that chilling survival in maize is highly associated with upregulation in leaves and crowns of abscisic acid response pathway, transcriptional regulators and cold response as well as downregulation of heat response in crowns. Comparison of chilling treatment on whole and part of the plants reveals that response to distal-chilling is very distinct from, and sometimes opposite to, response to local- or whole-plant chilling in both leaves and roots, suggesting a communication between shoots and roots in environmental perception. In sum, this study details chilling responses in leaves, roots and crowns and reveals potential chilling survival mechanism in maize, which lays ground for further understanding survival and tolerance mechanisms under low but non-freezing temperatures in tropical and subtropical plants.
2023-07-14 | GSE167881 | GEO
Project description:ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: While changes in chromosome number that result in aneuploidy are associated with phenotypic consequences such as Down syndrome and cancer, the molecular causes of specific phenotypes and genome-wide expression changes that occur in aneuploids are still being elucidated. RESULTS: We employed a segmental aneuploid condition in maize to study phenotypic and gene expression changes associated with aneuploidy. Maize plants that are trisomic for 90% of the short arm of chromosome 5 and monosomic for a small distal portion of the short arm of chromosome 6 exhibited a phenotypic syndrome that includes reduced stature, tassel morphology changes and the presence of knots on the leaves. The knotted-like homeobox gene knox10, which is located on the short arm of chromosome 5, was shown to be ectopically expressed in developing leaves of the aneuploid plants. Expression profiling revealed that ~40% of the expressed genes in the trisomic region exhibited the expected 1.5 fold increased transcript levels while the remaining 60% of genes did not show altered expression even with increased gene dosage. CONCLUSIONS: We found that the majority of genes with altered expression levels were located within the chromosomal regions affected by the segmental aneuploidy and exhibits dosage-dependent expression changes. A small number of genes exhibit higher levels of expression change not predicted by the dosage, or display altered expression even though they are not located in the aneuploid regions. Keywords: Genotype comparison of wild-type and segmental aneuploid
2008-01-24 | GSE10243 | GEO
Project description:Small RNAs (sRNAs) are hypothesized to contribute to hybrid vigor because they maintain genome integrity, contribute to genetic diversity, and control gene expression. We used Illumina sequencing to assess how sRNA populations vary between two maize inbred lines (B73, Mo17) and their hybrid. We sampled sRNAs from the seedling shoot apex and the developing ear, two rapidly growing tissues that program the greater growth of maize hybrids. We found that parental differences in siRNAs primarily originate from repeat regions. Although the maize genome contains greater number and complexity of repeats compared to Arabidopsis or rice, we confirmed that like these simpler plant genomes, 24-nt siRNAs whose abundance differs between maize parents also show a trend of downregulation following hybridization. Surprisingly, hybrid vigor is fully maintained when 24-nt siRNAs are globally reduced by mutation of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase2 (RDR2) encoded by modifier of paramutation1 (mop1). We also discovered that 21-22nt siRNAs derived from a number of distinct retrotransposon families differentially accumulate between B73 and Mo17 as well as their hybrid. Thus, maize possesses a novel source of genetic variation for regulating both transposons and genes at a genomic scale, which may contribute to its high degree of observed heterosis.
2012-05-26 | GSE37411 | GEO
Project description:Comparative proteomics of ER-Golgi membranes from etiolated coleoptiles of maize (Zea mays) and young leaves of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) isolated by flotation centrifugation demonstrate differences in the complement of synthases and glycosyl transferases unique to the type of wall made. Additionally, maize Golgi membranes enriched by flotation were separated further by free-flow electrophoresis (FFE), yielding 3009 proteins, of which 229 were known to function in cell wall synthesis or metabolism. A subset of proteins identified after flotation centrifugation were identified in Golgi membranes but failed to enrich in them. Individual classes of proteins associated with cell wall synthesis were asymmetrically distributed across the fractions of Golgi membranes separated by FFE.
2019-04-11 | PXD007612 | Pride
Project description:Background: Maize plants developed typical gray leaf spot disease (GLS) symptoms initiating at the lower leaves and progressing to upper leaves through the season. Leaf material was collected at 77 days after planting, at which stage there were a large number of GLS disease necrotic lesions on lower leaves (8% surface area on average determined by digital image analysis), but very few lesions and only at chlorotic stage on leaves above the ear (average of 0.2% lesion surface area). Method:To collect material that reflected a difference between C.zeina infected B73 leaves and control B73 leaf material, samples were collected from two lower GLS infected leaves (second and third leaf internode below ear) , and two upper leaves with minimal GLS symptoms (second and third internode above ear), respectively. The two lower leaves from each plant were pooled prior to RNA extraction, and the two upper leaves from each plant were pooled prior to RNA extraction. Upper and lower leaf samples from three maize B73 plants were subjected to RNA sequencing individually. The three maize plants were selected randomly as one plant per row from three rows of ten B73 plants each. Result: A systems genetics strategy revealed regions on the maize genome underlying co-expression of genes in susceptible and resistance responses, including a set of 100 genes common to the susceptible response of sub-tropical and temperate maize.
2016-10-15 | GSE81344 | GEO