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Label free proteomic and complementary metabolomic analysis of leaves of the resurrection plant Xerophyta schlechteri during dehydration

ABSTRACT: Vegetative desiccation tolerance, the ability to survive loss of ~ 95% relative water content (RWC) is rare in angiosperms, these being commonly called resurrection plants. It is a complex multigenic and multi-factorial trait, its understanding requiring a comprehensive systems biology approach. The aim of the current study was to conduct a label-free proteomic analysis of leaves of the res-urrection plant Xerophyta schlechteri in response to desiccation. A targeted metabolomics approach validated and correlated to the proteomics, contributing the missing link in studies on this species. Three physiological stages were identified. An early response to drying, during which the leaf tissues decline from full turgor to a relative water content (RWC) of ~ 80 - 70%, a mid-response in which RWC declines to 40% and a late response where tissues decline to 10% RWC. We identified 517 distinct proteins that were differentially expressed, of which 253 proteins were upregulated and 264 were downregulated in response to the three drying stages. Metabolomics analyses, which included monitoring levels of a selection of phytohormones, amino acids, sugars, sugar alcohols, fatty acids and organic acids in response to dehydration, correlated with some of the proteomic differences, giving insight into the biological processes apparently involved in desiccation tol-erance of this species.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive

ORGANISM(S): Xerophyta Schlechteri (ncbitaxon:1289414)

SUBMITTER: Mohammed Suhail Rafudeen

PROVIDER: MSV000088279 | MassIVE | Thu Oct 28 19:32:00 BST 2021

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PXD029411

REPOSITORIES: MassIVE

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Project description:Sporobolus stapfianus is a desiccation tolerant (DT) grass and a member of the Poaceae family alongside prominent crop and forage species. Despite the worldwide distribution of this family, most of its species are vulnerable to water loss within their vegetative tissues. As a DT species, S. stapfianus, could, therefore, serve as a model species for identifying the molecular changes that enabled such a rare occurrence of the DT phenotype in resurrection grasses and the implications of such a unique adaptation for agriculture. A comprehensive gene expression profiling was performed in plants subjected to a dehydration/rehydration cycle using NimbleGen microarrays hybridization method. Our results showed that most transcripts were high in the hydrated state of S. stapfianus leaf tissues and that minor dehydration (> 60% relative water content; RWC) did not induce most transcripts, but did repress photosynthetic activity, which show the importance of curtailing the production of toxic elements to the DT phenotype. It took a loss of 40% RWC for induction of most transcripts. This shows that this species is pre-equipped to deal with mild dehydration, but requires stress-induced activation mechanisms to prepare for desiccation. In agreement with our transcriptomic data, a global metabolic analysis conducted in this species has shown that most metabolites accumulate to their highest levels below 45% RWC, which suggests the importance of those late stages of dehydration in preparing resurrection grasses for desiccation and for early stages of rehydration. In most cases, a 12-h rehydration was sufficient to reinstate pre-stress expression levels, which shows that only partial damage occurred during drying. Unlike during dehydration, our metabolomic data profiled after rehydration showed that there is no clear correlation between gene expression and metabolic abundance, which suggests that most of the compounds that are produced during rehydration are quickly utilized in active metabolism of restoration. The findings of the paper show that S. stapfianus is primed to respond to mild dehydration, although severe dehydration require inducible response, with 40-30% RWC being the peak of gene expression. As for photosynthesis, this species cease its photosynthetic activity even at high water levels (85% RWC) alleviating the need to activate antioxidants activity during mild dehydration.

Dataset Information

Label free proteomic and complementary metabolomic analysis of leaves of the resurrection plant Xerophyta schlechteri during dehydration

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