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Chemical Probing Discovers New Insights into the Native Assembly State of a Bacterial Microcompartment

ABSTRACT: Bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) are widespread in bacteria and are used for a variety of metabolic purposes, including catabolism of host metabolites. A suite of proteins self-assembles into the shell and cargo layers of BMCs. However, the native assembly state of these large complexes remains to be elucidated. Herein, chemical probes were used to discover structural features of a native BMC. While the exterior could be demarcated with fluorophores, the interior was unexpectedly permeable, suggesting the shell layer may be more dynamic than thought. This allowed access to cross-linking chemical probes, which were analyzed for discovery of the protein interactome. These cross-links revealed a complex multivalent network among cargo proteins that contained encapsulation peptides and demonstrated that the shell layer follows discreet rules in its assembly. These results are consistent overall with a model where biomolecular condensation drives interactions of cargo proteins prior to envelopment by shell layer proteins.

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Eclipse

ORGANISM(S): Salmonella Enterica (ncbitaxon:28901)

SUBMITTER: Beatrix Ueberheide

PROVIDER: MSV000088460 | MassIVE | Sat Nov 27 09:29:00 GMT 2021

REPOSITORIES: MassIVE

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Chemical Probing Discovers New Insights into the Native Assembly State of a Bacterial Microcompartment

Project description:Microcompartments (BMCs) are widespread in bacteria and are used for a variety of metabolic purposes, including catabolism of host metabolites. A suite of proteins self-assembles into the shell and cargo layers of BMCs. However, the native assembly state of these large complexes remains to be elucidated. Herein, chemical probes were used to discover structural features of a native BMC. While the exterior could be demarcated with fluorophores, the interior was unexpectedly permeable, suggesting the shell layer may be more dynamic than thought. This allowed access to cross-linking chemical probes, which were analyzed for discovery of the protein interactome. These cross-links revealed a complex multivalent network among cargo proteins that contained encapsulation peptides and demonstrated that the shell layer follows discreet rules in its assembly. These results are consistent overall with a model where biomolecular condensation drives interactions of cargo proteins prior to envelopment by shell layer proteins.

2022-08-19 | PXD029675 | Pride

Global Analysis of Yeast mRNPs

Project description:Proteins regulate gene expression by controlling mRNA biogenesis, localization, translation and decay. Identifying the composition, diversity and function of mRNPs (mRNA protein complexes) is essential to understanding these processes. In a global survey of S. cerevisiae mRNA binding proteins we identified 120 proteins that cross-link to mRNA, including 66 new mRNA binding proteins. These include kinases, RNA modification enzymes, metabolic enzymes, and tRNA and rRNA metabolism factors. These proteins show dynamic subcellular localization during stress, including assembly into stress granules and P-bodies (Processing-bodies). CLIP (cross-linking and immunoprecipitation) analyses of the P-body components Pat1, Lsm1, Dhh1 and Sbp1 identified sites of interaction on specific mRNAs revealing positional binding preferences and co-assembly preferences. Taken together, this work defines the major yeast mRNP proteins, reveals widespread changes in their subcellular location during stress, and begins to define assembly rules for P-body mRNPs. CLIP-seq analysis of Dhh1, Lsm1, Pat1 and Sbp1

2013-04-18 | E-GEOD-46142 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Global Analysis of Yeast mRNPs

2013-04-18 | GSE46142 | GEO

Pseudouridine-chemical probes-Nanopore direct RNA sequencing

Project description:Pseudouridine-chemical probes-Nanopore direct RNA sequencing

| PRJEB51316 | ENA

Transcriptome and proteome analysis revealed tyrosine oxidation involved in the periostracum formation of the green mussel Perna viridis (Linnaeus)

Project description:Mollusk secretes a periostracum layer prior to the underlying calcified shell. This organic membrane serves as the first line of protection and primary template for shell orchestration. However, the chemical composition and formation mechanism of the periostracum layer is largely unknown. In this study, we applied transcriptomic, proteomics, physical and chemical analysis to unravel the mysteries of the periostracum formation in the green mussel Perna viridis (Linnaeus). Scanning electron microscopy examination and FTIR analysis showed that the periostracum layer was a multilayered organic membrane composed of polysaccharides, lipids and proteins. Interestingly, proteomic study identified components enriched in tyrosine and some enzymes evolved in tyrosine oxidation, indicating that tyrosine oxidation might play an important role in the periostracum formation. Moreover, comparative transcriptomics suggested that tyrosine-rich proteins were intensively synthesize in the periostracum groove. After being secreted, the periostracum proteins were gradually tanned by oxidation in the sea water, and the level of crosslink increased significantly as revealed by the ATR-FTIR. Our present study sheds light on the chemical composition and putative tanning mechanism of the periostracum layer in bivalve mollusk.

2022-10-20 | GSE215890 | GEO

Assigning functionality to cysteines by base editing of cancer dependency genes

Project description:Chemical probes are lacking for most human proteins. Covalent chemistry represents an attractive strategy for expanding the ligandability of the proteome, and chemical proteomics has revealed numerous electrophile-reactive cysteines on diverse proteins. Determining which of these covalent binding events impact protein function, however, remains challenging. Here, we describe a base-editing strategy to infer the functionality of cysteines by quantifying the impact of their missense mutation on cell proliferation. We show that the resulting atlas, which covers >13,800 cysteines on >1,750 cancer dependency proteins, correctly predicts the essentiality of cysteines targeted by cancer therapeutics and, when integrated with chemical proteomic data, identifies essential, ligandable cysteines on >110 cancer dependency proteins. We finally demonstrate how measurements of reactivity in native versus denatured proteomes can further discriminate essential cysteines amendable to chemical modification from those buried in protein structures, providing a valuable resource to prioritize the pursuit of small-molecule probes with high function-perturbing potential.

2023-09-06 | PXD038232 | Pride

Assigning functionality to cysteines by base editing of cancer dependency genes

2023-09-06 | PXD038239 | Pride

EucalyptWood

Project description:* In response to gravitational stresses, angiosperm trees form tension wood in the upper sides of branches and leaning stems in which cellulose content is higher, microfibrils are typically aligned closely with the fibre axis and the fibres often have a thick inner gelatinous cell wall layer (G-layer). * Gene expression was studied in Eucalyptus nitens branches oriented at 45Â° using microarrays containing 4 900 xylem cDNAs, and wood fibre characteristics revealed by X-ray diffraction, chemical and histochemical methods. * Xylem fibres in tension wood (upper branch) had a low microfibril angle, contained few fibres with G-layers and had higher cellulose and decreased Klason lignin compared to lower branch wood. Expression of two closely related fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins and a B-tubulin was inversely correlated with microfibril angle in upper and lower xylem from branches. * Structural and chemical modifications throughout the secondary cell walls of fibres sufficient to resist tension forces in branches can occur in the absence of G-layer enriched fibres and some important genes involved in responses to gravitational stress in eucalypt xylem are identified. Keywords: tissue comparison Two nine-year-old Eucalyptus nitens trees were used as a source of biological material. RNA was isolated from xylem from the vertical main stem and from the upper and lower quarter of branches oriented at approximately 45Â° from vertical. For each tree, slides were hybridized with probes synthesized from vertical xylem and one or other of upper or lower branch xylem.

2011-05-19 | E-GEOD-8816 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Array-based cross-species hybridization between genera of Rhabditidae (Nematoda)

Project description:The objective of this work was to determine the effectiveness of cross-hybridization of gDNA from five native soil nematodes to an Affymetrix Caenorhabditis elegans tiling array. Cross-hybridization experiments using C. briggsae, for which genome information is available, allowed hybridisation intensities to be correlated with known sequence differences. Initial analysis of data by conventional array-based Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) techniques at the chip level lead to misleading results due to an artefact from the combination of scaling, bandwidth smoothing, and differential GC content in exon and intron regions. To circumvent this artefact, individual probes were instead normalized and centered by adjusting for probe-specific thermodynamic binding affinity. However, cross-hybridization of C. briggsae DNA revealed that the resultant probe intensities alone were still uncorrelated to sequence similarity below 90% identity. Below 90% similarity, all probes hybridize uniformly poorly, and above 90% similarity the hybridization differences are not large enough to detect over background, therefore, no 'threshold' ratio of hybridization intensity was successful at identifying probes with similarity to the heterologous genome. In light of the observations described here, we suggest that the criteria for replication and verification of gene expression profiles generated from cross-species microarray hybridizations be more stringent than typically adopted for con-specific hybridizations.

2010-08-18 | GSE23667 | GEO

Ligand and Target Discovery by Fragment-Based Screening in Human Cells

Project description:Advances in the synthesis and screening of small-molecule libraries have accelerated the discovery of chemical probes for studying biological processes. Still, only a small fraction of the human proteome has chemical ligands, and the full complement of proteins with potential to be targeted by small molecules remains unknown. Here, we describe a platform that marries fragment-based ligand discovery with quantitative chemical proteomics to map thousands of reversible small molecule-protein interactions directly in human cells, many of which can be site-specifically determined. We advance this knowledge to create ligands that affect the activity of proteins heretofore lacking chemical probes and to identify by phenotypic screening small molecules that promote adipocyte differentiation by engaging the poorly characterized membrane protein PGRMC2. Fragment-based screening in human cells thus provides an extensive proteome-wide map of protein ligandability and facilitates the coordinated discovery of bioactive small molecules and their molecular targets.

2017-01-24 | GSE90731 | GEO

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