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A phase-separated CO2-fixing pyrenoid proteome determined by TurboID in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

ABSTRACT: Mass spectrometry data generated from TurboID-based proximity labeling of the Chlamydomonas phase-separated pyrenoid

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Fusion

ORGANISM(S): Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii (ncbitaxon:3055)

SUBMITTER: Luke Mackinder

PROVIDER: MSV000091853 | MassIVE | Thu May 04 00:51:00 BST 2023

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PXD041970

REPOSITORIES: MassIVE

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A phase-separated CO2-fixing pyrenoid proteome determined by TurboID in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Project description:Phase separation underpins many biologically important cellular events such as RNA metabolism, signaling, and CO2 fixation. However, determining the composition of a phase-separated organelle is often challenging due to its sensitivity to environmental conditions, which limits the application of traditional proteomic techniques like organellar purification or affinity purification mass spectrometry to understand their composition. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Rubisco is condensed into a crucial phase-separated organelle called the pyrenoid that improves photosynthetic performance by supplying Rubisco with elevated concentrations of CO2. Here, we developed a TurboID-based proximity labeling technique in which proximal proteins in Chlamydomonas chloroplasts are labeled by biotin radicals generated from the TurboID-tagged protein. By fusing 2 core pyrenoid components with the TurboID tag, we generated a high-confidence pyrenoid proxiome that contains most known pyrenoid proteins, in addition to new pyrenoid candidates. Fluorescence protein tagging of 7 previously uncharacterized TurboID-identified proteins showed that 6 localized to a range of subpyrenoid regions. The resulting proxiome also suggests new secondary functions for the pyrenoid in RNA-associated processes and redox-sensitive iron-sulfur cluster metabolism. This developed pipeline can be used to investigate a broad range of biological processes in Chlamydomonas, especially at a temporally resolved suborganellar resolution.

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TurboID reveals the interaction network of VESICLE-INDUCING PROTEIN IN PLASTIDS (VIPPs) in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Project description:In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, VIPP1 and VIPP2 play a role in the sensing and coping with membrane stress and in thylakoid membrane biogenesis. To gain more insight into these processes, we aimed to identify proteins interacting with VIPP1/2 in the chloroplast under ambient and H2O2 stress conditions and chose proximity labeling (PL) for this purpose. While PL with APEX2 and BioID proved to be inefficient, TurboID resulted in significant biotinylation in vivo, which could be enhanced by exogenously added biotin. Using TurboID-mediated PL with VIPP1/2 as baits we could confirm known interactions of VIPP1 with VIPP2, HSP70B and CDJ2. Novel proteins in the VIPP1/2 interaction network can be grouped into proteins involved in the biogenesis of thylakoid membrane complexes and the regulation of photosynthetic electron transport. A third group comprises 11 proteins of unknown function whose genes are upregulated under chloroplast stress conditions. We named these proteins VIPP PROXIMITY LABELING (VPL1-11) and confirmed the proximity of VIPP1 and VPL2 in a reciprocal experiment. Our results demonstrate the robustness of TurboID-mediated PL for studying protein interaction networks in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas and pave the way for targeted analyses of the functions of VIPPs in thylakoid biogenesis and chloroplast stress responses.

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