Variability of Micrurus venom from Bahia_Brazil
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Q-Exactive (Thermo Fisher)
ORGANISM(S): Micrurus (ncbitaxon:8634)
SUBMITTER: 
Ilka Borges Biondi Luciana Casais-e-Silva Lucilene Delazari dos Santos
PROVIDER: MSV000098216 | MassIVE | Mon Jun 16 08:09:00 BST 2025
REPOSITORIES: MassIVE
Similar Datasets
Project description:Telomere DNA length is a complex trait controlled both by multiple loci and environmental factors. Even though the use of telomere DNA length measurement, as a method of assessing stress accumulation and predicting how this will influence survival, is currently being studied in numerous human cohort studies, the importance of telomere length for stress response in ecological studies remains at its infancy. Here, we investigated the telomere changes occurring in the symbiotic coral Stylophora pistillata that has experienced a continuous darkness over 6 months. This stress condition led to the loss of its symbionts, as what is also observed when bleaching occurs in the field at a large-scale due to climate changes and anthropogenic activities, threatening the worldwide reef ecosystem. We found that the continuous darkness condition was associated to telomere DNA length shortening and a downregulation of the expression of the telomere-associated protein POT2. These results pave the way for future studies on the role of telomere in coral stress response and the importance of telomere dysregulation in endangered coral species
2021-09-20 | GSE171268 | GEO
Project description:Bothrops moojeni has a wide distribution in Brazil and represents a serious medical concern at some localities. Previous works reported that the manifestations of snakebites caused by B. moojeni juveniles were mainly related to coagulation, while those caused by adults had more prominent local damage. In this work, we aimed to analyze the venoms of B. moojeni at different life stages to better understand how the venom shifts along the ontogeny. Snakes were grouped by age and sex, and venom pools were formed accordingly. Compositional analyses by one-dimensional electrophoresis (1-DE), chromatography and mass spectrometry revealed that ontogenetic changes may be mostly related to phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and metalloproteases. Regarding the functional aspect of the venoms, in vitro assays of proteolytic, L-amino acid oxidase, PLA2 and coagulant activities were assayed, but only the first and the last showed age-related changes, with the venom of younger snakes displaying lower proteolytic and higher coagulant activities up to 1 year-old; from 2 years-old onward, the venoms presented the opposite relation. The venoms of 3 years-old snakes were exceptions to the compositional and functional pattern of adults. Sex-related differences were observed at specific groups and not related to age. In vivo experiments (median lethal dose and hemorrhagic activity) were statistically similar between neonates and adults, but observation of the time each venom took to kill the mice revealed that the adult one seemed to act faster than the venoms of the neonates. All venoms were mostly recognized by the antibothropic serum and displayed similar profiles to 1-DE in western blotting. In conclusion, the venoms showed ontogenetic shift in composition and activities. Furthermore, this change occurred from 1 to 2 years-old, and interestingly the 3 years-old pools had particular characteristics, which highlight the importance of extending the studies to better understand venom variability.
2021-06-24 | PXD024447 | Pride
Project description:Venoms are ecological innovations that have evolved numerous times, on each occasion accompanied by the co-evolution of specialised morphological and behavioural characters for venom production and delivery. The close evolutionary interdependence between these characters is exemplified by animals that control the composition of their secreted venom. This ability depends in part on the production of different toxins in different locations of the venom gland, which was recently documented in venomous snakes. Here, we test the hypothesis that the distinct spatial distributions of toxins in snake venom glands is an adaptation that enables the secretion of venoms with distinct ecological functions.
2022-06-10 | PXD034174 | Pride
Project description:Genome scale metabolic model of Drosophila gut microbe Acetobacter fabarum
Abstract -
An important goal for many nutrition-based microbiome studies is to identify the metabolic function of microbes in complex microbial communities and their impact on host physiology. This research can be confounded by poorly understood effects of community composition and host diet on the metabolic traits of individual taxa. Here, we investigated these multiway interactions by constructing and analyzing metabolic models comprising every combination of five bacterial members of the Drosophila gut microbiome (from single taxa to the five-member community of Acetobacter and Lactobacillus species) under three nutrient regimes. We show that the metabolic function of Drosophila gut bacteria is dynamic, influenced by community composition, and responsive to dietary modulation. Furthermore, we show that ecological interactions such as competition and mutualism identified from the growth patterns of gut bacteria are underlain by a diversity of metabolic interactions, and show that the bacteria tend to compete for amino acids and B vitamins more frequently than for carbon sources. Our results reveal that, in addition to fermentation products such as acetate, intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, including 2-oxoglutarate and succinate, are produced at high flux and cross-fed between bacterial taxa, suggesting important roles for TCA cycle intermediates in modulating Drosophila gut microbe interactions and the potential to influence host traits. These metabolic models provide specific predictions of the patterns of ecological and metabolic interactions among gut bacteria under different nutrient regimes, with potentially important consequences for overall community metabolic function and nutritional interactions with the host.IMPORTANCE Drosophila is an important model for microbiome research partly because of the low complexity of its mostly culturable gut microbiota. Our current understanding of how Drosophila interacts with its gut microbes and how these interactions influence host traits derives almost entirely from empirical studies that focus on individual microbial taxa or classes of metabolites. These studies have failed to capture fully the complexity of metabolic interactions that occur between host and microbe. To overcome this limitation, we reconstructed and analyzed 31 metabolic models for every combination of the five principal bacterial taxa in the gut microbiome of Drosophila This revealed that metabolic interactions between Drosophila gut bacterial taxa are highly dynamic and influenced by cooccurring bacteria and nutrient availability. Our results generate testable hypotheses about among-microbe ecological interactions in the Drosophila gut and the diversity of metabolites available to influence host traits.
2021-07-01 | MODEL2002040002 | BioModels
Project description:Background: The molecular machinery underpinning the establishment of this relationship is not well understood. This is especially true of the symbiont side, as previous attempts to understand the interaction between coral larvae and Symbiodiniaceae have focused nearly exclusively on the host Results: In the current study, we utilised dual RNA-seq approach to study both symbiont and coral transcriptomes during symbiosis establishment. The transcriptomic response of C. goreaui to the symbiotic state was complex, the most obvious feature of which was extensive and generalized downregulation of gene expression. Included in this “symbiosis-derived transcriptional repression” were a range of stress response and immune-related genes. In contrast, a range of genes implicated in metabolism were upregulated in the symbiotic state. Consistent with previous ecological studies, this transcriptomic response of C. goreaui suggests that active translocation of metabolites to the host may begin early in the colonization process, and thus that the mutualistic relationship is established at the larval stage. The coral data imply the involvement of some SCRiP family members in the colonisation process and support the hypothesis that immune-suppression and arrest of phagosome maturation play important roles during the establishment of compatible symbioses. Conclusions: This study provides novel insights into the transcriptomic remodelling that occurs in C. goreaui during transition to a symbiotic lifestyle, with important implications for understanding the establishment of symbiosis between corals and their dinoflagellate partners.
2020-08-13 | GSE145030 | GEO
Project description:Since the discovery of Chromera velia as a novel coral-associated microalga, this organism has attracted interest because of its unique evolutionary position between the photosynthetic dinoflagellates and the parasitic apicomplexans. The nature of the relationship between Chromera and its coral host is controversial. Is it a mutualism, from which both participants benefit, or is Chromera a parasite, harming its host? To better understand the interaction, larvae of the common Indo-Pacific reef-building coral Acropora digitifera were experimentally infected with Chromera and the impact on the host transcriptome assessed at 4, 12, and 48 h post-infection using Illumina RNA-Seq technology. The transcriptomic response of the coral to Chromera was complex and implies that host immunity is strongly suppressed, and both phagosome maturation and the apoptotic machinery modified. These responses differ markedly from those described for infection with a competent strain of the coral symbiont Symbiodinium, instead resembling those of vertebrate hosts to parasites and/or pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Consistent with ecological studies suggesting that the association may be accidental, the transcriptional response of A. digitifera larvae leads us to conclude that Chromera is more likely to be a coral parasite, commensal, or accidental bystander, but certainly not a beneficial mutualist
2017-08-16 | GSE102664 | GEO
Project description:Snake venoms are complex protein mixtures with different biological activities that can act in both their preys and human victims. Many of these proteins play a role in prey capture and in the digestive process of these animals. It is known that some snakes are resistant to the toxicity of their own venom by mechanisms not yet fully elucidated. However, it was observed in the Laboratory of Herpetology of Instituto Butantan that some Bothrops moojeni individuals injured by the same snake species showed mortalities caused by envenoming effects. This study analyzed the biochemical composition of 13 venom and plasma samples from Bothrops moojeni specimens to assess differences in their protein composition. Application of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed distinct venom protein profiles, but very homogeneous plasma profiles. Western Blotting (WB) was performed with plasma samples, which were submitted to incubation with the respective venom. Some individuals showed an immunorecognized band zone around 25 kDa, indicating interaction between the same individual plasma and venom proteins. Crossed-WB assay using non-self-plasma and venom showed that this variability is due to venom protein composition instead of plasma composition. These venoms presented higher caseinolytic, collagenolytic and coagulant activities than the venoms without these regions recognized by WB. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that these individuals present, in addition to higher protein concentrations, other exclusive proteins in their composition. When these samples were tested in vivo, the results also showed higher lethality in these venoms, but lower hemorrhagic activity than in the venoms without these regions recognized by WB. In conclusion, some Bothrops moojeni specimens differ in venom composition, which may have implications in envenomation. Moreover, the high individual venom variability found in this species demonstrates the importance to work with individual analysis in studies involving intraspecific venom variability and venom evolution.
2019-09-26 | PXD012585 | Pride
Project description:Thsi is a study of anti-Candida activities of the fractions obtained from the fruits and leaves of two Lantana trifolia specimens collected in different sites of Minas Gerais State in Brazil
2023-04-19 | MSV000091744 | MassIVE
Project description:Background The phenotypic polymorphism in rattlesnake venoms has been thoroughly documented, showing a dichotomy between haemorrhagic (Type I) and neurotoxic (Type II) venoms. In South America, the Type II phenotype is predominant; however, evidence exists of Type I haemorrhagic venoms in C. d. ruruima, raising questions about the efficacy of the Crotalus antivenom prepared for the Type II phenotype in treating Crotalus Type I snakebite patients, for whom the administration of Bothrops-Crotalus antivenom has been proposed. Methodology/Principal Findings This study characterises the dichotomy of C. d. ruruima venom based on the structure of isoforms differentially expressed in Type I and Type II venoms, the biological activities of each phenotype, and the implications for the clinical management of snakebites in Northern Brazil. Four toxins were differentially expressed in Type I and Type II venoms: two PIII-class SVMPs, which were highly expressed in Type I venoms and associated with proteolytic and haemorrhagic activity, and two PLA2s, corresponding to Crotoxin A and B chains, identified in Type II venoms and associated with increased phospholipase A2, myotoxic activities, and heightened lethality. The structure of Crotoxin chains was well conserved compared to C. d. terrificus crotoxin. However, compared to Bothropasin, the SVMP sequences exhibited several substitutions in functional and immunoreactive regions, resulting in low haemorrhagic activity and slight reactivity/neutralisation by Bothrops antivenom. In opposition, Crotalus antivenom reacted with high antibody titres and neutralised all activities of both venom subtypes, except the low haemorrhagic activity induced by Type I venoms. Conclusions/Significance The efficacy of Bothrops antivenom in incidents involving snakes of the Type I phenotype remains uncertain, and we advocate for an urgent prospective study in Roraima to assess the outcomes and benefits for patients receiving either Bothrops-Crotalus or solely Crotalus antivenoms following rattlesnake bites. Meanwhile, administering Bothrops-Crotalus antivenom could be warranted. However, it is crucial to remain aware of the issues of injecting heterologous Bothrops antibodies with limited efficacy in treating Crotalus snakebite patients.
2025-07-04 | PXD060738 | Pride