Phaleria nisidai extracts and fractions
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Q-Exactive Focus
ORGANISM(S): Phaleria Nisidai
SUBMITTER: 
Jean-Luc Wolfender
PROVIDER: MSV000098436 | MassIVE | Fri Jul 04 23:54:00 BST 2025
REPOSITORIES: MassIVE
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Project description:Illuminating the mechanisms controlling glucose homeostasis may deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of T2DM and provide new therapeutic strategies for T2DM in future. As reported, Dyrk1b is a pleiotropic protein and its genetic mutations associate with blood glucose levels. Yet, its role in glucose metabolism remains to be established. Herein, we invetigate the role of Dyrk1b in glucose metabolism and the underlying mechanisms. We find that hepatic Dyrk1b overexpression in mice impairs the glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, whereas global Dyrk1b deficiency improves glucose metabolism of mcie. Dyrk1b overexpression in vitro blunts insulin signalling and glucose uptake. Quantitative proteomic analyses further reveal that Wbp2 is a putative target of Dyrk1b. Importantly, hepatic Wbp2 restoration rescues the glucose homeostasis in Dyrk1b overexpression mice. Additionally, ATAC-seq analyses indicate Dyrk1b’s role in remodelling hepatic chromatin landscape. Collectively, our study uncovers a novel link between hepatic Dyrk1b and whole body glucose homeostasis via modulation of hepatic Wbp2 expression.
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2015-02-23 | E-GEOD-60158 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This experiment was conducted to identify target genes of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARa) in skeletal muscle of transgenic mice that overexpressed PPARa. The following abstract from the published manuscript describes the major findings of this work. A potential link between muscle peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor-alpha signaling and obesity-related diabetes.Finck BN, Bernal-Mizrachi C, Han DH, Coleman T, Sambandam N, LaRiviere LL, Holloszy JO, Semenkovich CF, Kelly DP. The role of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) in the development of insulin-resistant diabetes was evaluated using gain- and loss-of-function approaches. Transgenic mice overexpressing PPARalpha in muscle (MCK-PPARalpha mice) developed glucose intolerance despite being protected from diet-induced obesity. Conversely, PPARalpha null mice were protected from diet-induced insulin resistance in the context of obesity. In skeletal muscle, MCK-PPARalpha mice exhibited increased fatty acid oxidation rates, diminished AMP-activated protein kinase activity, and reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake without alterations in the phosphorylation status of key insulin-signaling proteins. These effects on muscle glucose uptake involved transcriptional repression of the GLUT4 gene. Pharmacologic inhibition of fatty acid oxidation or mitochondrial respiratory coupling prevented the effects of PPARalpha on GLUT4 expression and glucose homeostasis. These results identify PPARalpha-driven alterations in muscle fatty acid oxidation and energetics as a potential link between obesity and the development of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Experiment Overall Design: RNA from two wild-type (non-transgenic (NTG)) and two PPARalpha overexpressing (MCK-PPARa) mice was analyzed. Two replicates of each are provided.
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Project description:Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes has increased dramatically in recent decades. Increasing brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass and activity has recently emerged as an interesting approach to not only increase energy expenditure, but also improve glucose homeostasis. BAT can be recruited by prolonged cold exposure in lean, healthy humans. Here, we tested whether cold acclimation could have therapeutic value for patients with type 2 diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity. Methods: Eight type 2 diabetic patients (age 59.3±5.8 years, BMI 29.8±3.2 kg/m2) followed a cold acclimation protocol, consisting of intermittent cold exposure (6 hours/day, 14-14.5 °C) for 12 consecutive days. Before and after cold acclimation, cold-induced BAT activity was assessed by [18F]FDG-PET/CT scanning, insulin sensitivity at thermoneutrality by a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, and muscle and WAT biopsies were taken. Results: Cold-induced BAT activity was low, but increased in all patients upon cold acclimation (SUV from 0.40±0.29 to 0.63±0.78, p<0.05). Interestingly, insulin sensitivity showed a very pronounced 40% increase upon cold acclimation (glucose rate of disappearance from 14.9±4.1 to 20.5±6.9 μmol kg-1 min-1, p<0.05). A 40% increase in insulin sensitivity cannot be explained by BAT glucose uptake, in fact basal skeletal muscle GLUT4 content and translocation was markedly increased after cold acclimation, without effects on insulin signaling or AMPk activation. Conclusions: Regular mild cold exposure has marked effects on insulin sensitivity, which are accompanied by small increases in BAT activity and more pronounced effects on skeletal muscle. These data suggest a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Microarray analysis was performed on abdominal subcutaneous white adipose tissue samples from human type 2 diabetic patients before, and after 10 days of cold acclimation. A total of 14 samples, from 7 subjects, were used for the microarray analysis.
2015-07-05 | E-GEOD-67297 | biostudies-arrayexpress