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The Immediate Metabolomic Effects of Whole Genome Duplication in the Greater Duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza

ABSTRACT:

We use untargeted metabolomics to investigate the immediate phytochemical effects of autopolyploidy on our model system, the greater duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza, a small aquatic macrophyte from the family Lemnaceae. We compare metabolite abundances in four genetically distinct diploid-autotetraploid pairs to address potential implications for establishment and combine traditional dry mass normalization with nuclear density information to investigate the link with gene dosage. We found that autopolyploidy increases metabolite levels per cell, although there is considerable variation in the response of individual metabolites. However, the impact on metabolite level per biomass is limited because the increased cell size reduces metabolite concentration per cell. Nevertheless, whole genome duplication (WGD) still exerts a discernible quantitative and qualitative influence on the phytochemical composition of our strains, each with potential ecological implications. While some metabolite levels are consistently higher in all tetraploids, many effects are restricted to a single strain, reflecting the importance of genetic background.

INSTRUMENT(S): Liquid Chromatography MS - negative- reverse phase, Liquid Chromatography MS - positive- reverse phase, Gas Chromatography MS -

PROVIDER: MTBLS10435 | MetaboLights | 2024-09-16

REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights

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Project description:The section Oleifera (Theaceae) has attracted attention for the high levels of unsaturated fatty acids found in its seeds. Here, we report the chromosome-scale genome of the sect. Oleifera using diploid wild Camellia lanceoleosa with a final size of 3.00 Gb and an N50 scaffold size of 186.43 Mb. Repetitive sequences accounted for 80.63% and were distributed unevenly across the genome. Camellia lanceoleosa underwent a whole-genome duplication event approximately 65 million years ago (65 Mya), prior to the divergence of C. lanceoleosa and Camellia sinensis (approx. 6-7 Mya). Syntenic comparisons of these two species elucidated the genomic rearrangement, appearing to be driven in part by the activity of transposable elements. The expanded and positively selected genes in C. lanceoleosa were significantly enriched in oil biosynthesis, and the expansion of homomeric acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) genes and the seed-biased expression of genes encoding heteromeric ACCase, diacylglycerol acyltransferase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and stearoyl-ACP desaturase could be of primary importance for the high oil and oleic acid content found in C. lanceoleosa. Theanine and catechins were present in the leaves of C. lanceoleosa. However, caffeine can not be dectected in the leaves but was abundant in the seeds and roots. The functional and transcriptional divergence of genes encoding SAM-dependent N-methyltransferases may be associated with caffeine accumulation and distribution. Gene expression profiles, structural composition and chromosomal location suggest that the late-acting self-incompatibility of C. lanceoleosa is likely to have favoured a novel mechanism co-occurring with gametophytic self-incompatibility. This study provides valuable resources for quantitative and qualitative improvements and genome assembly of polyploid plants in sect. Oleifera.

			Action	DRS
	0013_DIP_R1.mzML	Mzml
	0013_DIP_R2.mzML	Mzml
	0013_DIP_R3.mzML	Mzml
	0013_DIP_R4.mzML	Mzml
	0013_DIP_R5.mzML	Mzml

Dataset Information

The Immediate Metabolomic Effects of Whole Genome Duplication in the Greater Duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza

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