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Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Drought Resistance Mechanisms in Sorghum Varieties

ABSTRACT: This study explored the drought resistance of sorghum through metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis. Screening drought tolerant variety GL220 and drought sensitive variety GL98 revealed significant differences in metabolite and gene expression under drought conditions. Through database annotation, up-regulated and down regulated metabolites and genes were identified, involving metabolic pathways such as amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, etc. KEGG and GO analysis revealed the enrichment of pathways such as flavonoid biosynthesis and carbon metabolism, as well as the importance of cellular structure and molecular function in response to drought. These results contribute to understanding the drought resistance mechanism of sorghum and provide scientific basis for improving sorghum varieties.

INSTRUMENT(S): Liquid Chromatography MS - negative - reverse phase, Liquid Chromatography MS - positive - reverse phase

PROVIDER: MTBLS11479 | MetaboLights | 2025-05-29

REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights

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Project description:Background: Drought stress is the major environmental stress that affects plant growth and productivity. It triggers in plants a wide range of responses detectable at different scales: molecular, biochemical and physiological levels. At the molecular level the response to drought stress results in the differential expression of several metabolic pathways. For this reason, explore the subtle differences existing in gene expression of drought sensitive and drought tolerant genotypes allows to identify drought-related genes that could be used for selection of drought tolerance traits. Genome-wide RNA-Seq technology was used to compare the drought response of two sorghum genotypes characterized by contrasting water use efficiency. Results: the physiological measurements carried out confirmed the drought sensitivity of IS20351 and the drought tolerance of IS22330 previously studied. The expression of drought-related genes was more abundant in the sensitive genotype IS20351 compared to the tolerant IS22330. The Gene Ontology enrichment highlighted a massive increase in transcript abundance in “response to stress” and “abiotic stimulus”, “oxidation-reduction reaction” in the sensitive genotype IS20351 under drought stress. “Antioxidant” and “secondary metabolism”, “photosynthesis and carbon fixation process”, “lipids” and “carbon metabolism” were the pathways most affected by drought in the sensitive genotype IS20351. The sensitive genotype IS20351 showed under well-watered conditions a lower constitutive expression level of “secondary metabolic process” (GO:0019748) and “glutathione transferase activity” (GO:000004364). Conclusions: RNA-Seq analysis revealed to be a very useful tool to explore differences between sensitive and tolerant sorghum genotypes. The transcriptomic results supported all the physiological measurements and were crucial to clarify the tolerance of the two genotypes studied. The connection between the differential gene expression and the physiological response to drought states unequivocally the drought tolerance of the genotype IS22330 and the strategy adopted to cope with drought stress.

			Action	DRS
	BJ409-ZX01-0201-neg-QC-1.raw.zip	Raw
	_CHRO001.DAT	Other
	_CHRO002.DAT	Other
	_FUNC001.DAT	Other
	_FUNC002.DAT	Other

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Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Drought Resistance Mechanisms in Sorghum Varieties

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