Dataset Information

Detoxification metabolic adaptation of Bombyx mori to artificial diet and functional study of key detoxification gene BmGSTd2

ABSTRACT:

The exceptional adaptability of insects to diverse food sources is central to their survival and evolutionary success. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this rapid adaptation remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, adaptive phenotypic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic differences in silkworms fed mulberry leaves versus artificial diets were investigated. The results showed that dietary changes induced enrichment of multiple detoxification pathways in the fat body, midgut, and Malpighian tubules, accompanied by significant accumulation of secondary metabolites and xenobiotics such as flavonoids, terpenoids and saponins in these tissues. Stimulation experiments with nine upregulated metabolites in silkworm BmE cells revealed that most metabolites inhibited cell viability and induced detoxification genes such as GST, UGT and CYP upregulated, with flavonoids like genistein and daidzin exhibiting obvious inductive effects. Among the upregulated genes, GSTd2 frequently responded and was significantly upregulated in artificial diet-fed silkworms. Notably, overexpressing GSTd2 in BmE cells enhanced cell tolerance to genistein and daidzin. Furthermore, silkworms overexpressing GSTd2 showed higher flavonoid tolerance and better adaptability to artificial diets. In conclusion, this study provides valuable genetic targets for improving silkworm rearing efficiency on artificial diets, providing reference to optimize feed formulations and theoretical basis for understanding metabolic adaptation mechanisms to artificial diets in silkworms.

INSTRUMENT(S): Liquid Chromatography MS - negative - reverse-phase, Liquid Chromatography MS - positive - reverse-phase

PROVIDER: MTBLS13782 | MetaboLights | 2026-01-27

REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights

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			Action	DRS
	a_MTBLS13782_LC-MS_negative_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling.txt	Txt
	a_MTBLS13782_LC-MS_positive_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling.txt	Txt
	i_Investigation.txt	Txt
	m_MTBLS13782_LC-MS_negative_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling_v2_maf.tsv	Tabular
	m_MTBLS13782_LC-MS_positive_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling_v2_maf.tsv	Tabular

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Project description:Background: The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a major generalist agricultural pest of field and horticultural crops world-wide. Despite its importance, the molecular bases of defense mechanisms in B. tabaci against major plant secondary defense compounds, such as the phenylpropanoids, remain unknown. Results: Our experimental system utilized transgenic Nicotiana tabacum plants constitutively expressing the PAP1 M-bM-^AM-^D AtMYB75 transcription factor which activates specifically the phenylpropanoid / flavonoids biosynthetic pathway. Our study used suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and cDNA microarray approaches to compare gene expression between B. tabaci adults subjected to wild-type or transgenic plants for six hours. A total of 2880 clones from the SSH libraries were sequenced. Both the SSH and cDNA microarray analyses indicated a complex interaction between B. tabaci and secondary defense metabolites produced by the phenylproapnoids / flavonoids pathway, involving enhanced expression of detoxification, immunity, oxidative stress and general stress related genes as well as general metabolism and ribosomal genes. Quantitative PCR revealed significant changes in the expression of several of these genes in response to feeding on artificial diet containing the flavonol quercetin. The elevated transcriptional activity was not accompanied by reduced reproductive performance, indicating high adaptability of B. tabaci to this large group of plant secondary defense metabolites. Conclusion: Results of this study allows first insight into the molecular mechanisms underlining polyphagy in B. tabaci. Our analyses revealed many candidate genes related to the insect's various defense systems capable of neutralizing a broad range of plant toxins. Future technological developments allowing silencing or over-expression of selected target genes in B. tabaci, will enable determining a specific linkage between gene expression and host related performance in this species. 3 hybridizations were performed for RNA extracted from Bemisia tabaci adults that fed on PAP Purple transgenic tobacco plants for 6hr, labeled with Cy5 and directly hybridized against 3 samples from B. tabaci adults that fed on wild type plants as a control and labeled with Cy3. Another 3 swap dye hybridizations were performed in which adults that fed on wild type plants for 6hr were coupled with the Cy5 and adults that fed on PAP Purple transgenic plants were coupled with Cy3.

Project description:Background: The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a major generalist agricultural pest of field and horticultural crops world-wide. Despite its importance, the molecular bases of defense mechanisms in B. tabaci against major plant secondary defense compounds, such as the phenylpropanoids, remain unknown. Results: Our experimental system utilized transgenic Nicotiana tabacum plants constitutively expressing the PAP1 ⁄ AtMYB75 transcription factor which activates specifically the phenylpropanoid / flavonoids biosynthetic pathway. Our study used suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and cDNA microarray approaches to compare gene expression between B. tabaci adults subjected to wild-type or transgenic plants for six hours. A total of 2880 clones from the SSH libraries were sequenced. Both the SSH and cDNA microarray analyses indicated a complex interaction between B. tabaci and secondary defense metabolites produced by the phenylproapnoids / flavonoids pathway, involving enhanced expression of detoxification, immunity, oxidative stress and general stress related genes as well as general metabolism and ribosomal genes. Quantitative PCR revealed significant changes in the expression of several of these genes in response to feeding on artificial diet containing the flavonol quercetin. The elevated transcriptional activity was not accompanied by reduced reproductive performance, indicating high adaptability of B. tabaci to this large group of plant secondary defense metabolites. Conclusion: Results of this study allows first insight into the molecular mechanisms underlining polyphagy in B. tabaci. Our analyses revealed many candidate genes related to the insect's various defense systems capable of neutralizing a broad range of plant toxins. Future technological developments allowing silencing or over-expression of selected target genes in B. tabaci, will enable determining a specific linkage between gene expression and host related performance in this species.

Dataset Information

Detoxification metabolic adaptation of Bombyx mori to artificial diet and functional study of key detoxification gene BmGSTd2

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