Gut Microbiota Orchestrates Thermoregulatory Adaptation in Broilers via a Hypothalamic 5-HT–TRPC4 Pathway
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ABSTRACT: The gut microbiota is being increasingly recognized as a pivotal regulator of thermal adaptation in homeothermic rodents. However, it remains unclear whether similar mechanisms operate in other homeothermic species, such as birds, which exhibit higher basal body temperature and limited heat tolerance. This study investigated the contribution and underlying mechanisms of the gut microbiota in thermoadaptation remodeling in broilers.
INSTRUMENT(S): Liquid Chromatography MS - alternating - reverse-phase
PROVIDER: MTBLS13794 | MetaboLights | 2026-01-28
REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights
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Project description:An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of rye, a model ingredient to increase gut viscosity, between 14 and 28 days of age on immune competence related parameters and performance of broiler. A total number of 960 one-day-old male Ross 308 chicks were weighed and randomly allocated to 24 pens (40 birds per pen), and the birds in every 8 replicate pens were assigned to one of three experimental diets including graded levels, 0%, 5%, and 10% of rye. Tested immune competence related parameters were composition of the intestinal microbiota, genes expression in gut tissue, and gut morphology. The inclusion of 5% or 10% rye in the diet (d14-28) resulted in decreased performance and litter quality, but in increased villus height and crypt depth in the small intestine (jejunum) of the broilers. Relative bursa and spleen weights were not affected by dietary inclusion of rye. In the jejunum, no effects on number and size of goblet cells, and only trends on microbiota composition in the digesta were observed. Dietary inclusion of rye affected expression of genes involved in cell cycle processes of the jejunal enterocyte cells, thereby influencing cell growth, cell differentiation and cell survival, which in turn were consistent with the observed differences in the morphology of the gut wall. In addition, providing rye-rich diets to broilers affected the complement and coagulation pathways, which are parts of the innate immune system. These pathways are involved in eradicating invasive pathogens. Overall, it can be concluded that inclusion of 5% or 10% rye to the grower diet of broilers had limited effects on performance. Ileal gut morphology, microbiota composition of jejunal digesta, and gene expression profiles of jejunal tissue, however, were affected by dietary rye inclusion level, indicating that rye supplementation to broiler diets might affect immune competence of the birds.
2017-04-19 | GSE94095 | GEO
Project description:The intestinal microbiome forms dynamic ecosystem whose balanced composition and functioning are essential for maintaining overall gut health and well-being in living organisms. In broilers, dysbiosis disrupts the microbiota-host balance, often without obvious clinical symptoms but with intestinal inflammation, leading to impaired animal performance and significant economic losses. This study utilizes an in vivo model of dysbiosis to investigate the blood proteome response of broilers to intestinal imbalance. Microscopic histological changes in the gut (shorter villi, increased crypt depth, p<0.0001) were observed in the duodenal and jejunal tissue of challenged birds. Elevated levels of permeability markers faecal ovotransferrin (p < 0.0001) and serum iohexol (p= 0.0009) additionally indicated increased intestinal permeability in challenged group compared to control. The MS/MS-based proteomics analysis was performed on broilers’ blood plasma enabling identification of 388 proteins, 25 of which demonstrated significant difference between the groups. Functional analysis showed activation of immune response, signalling, and interspecies interaction, while proteins related to cellular physiology, cell-cell communication, and extracellular matrix (ECM) processes were suppressed. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis revealed two clusters of downregulated proteins involved in ECM organization and cell adhesion. These results suggest that the dysbiosis challenge alters plasma protein expression as the host prioritizes immune defense over structural maintenance. The activation of immune processes and suppression of ECM pathways highlight potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for addressing dysbiosis.
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Project description:The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of short-term antibiotic treatment in early life on both early microbial colonization of the gut and functional development of intestinal tissue. From both control and antibiotic treated birds intestinal content samples were taken for microbiota analyzes and intestinal tissue samples were extracted for gene expression analyzes, both at three subsequent time-points (days 1, 5, and 14).
2016-01-29 | GSE67452 | GEO
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2009-09-01 | E-GEOD-14759 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Necrotic enteritis is a disease caused by Clostridium perfringens, which threatens poultry production in the absence of dietary antibiotics. A total number of 144 Ross broilers were reared in 12 pens with each hosting 12 birds. Each 6 pens of birds were fed medicated (bacitracin at 55 ppm) or non-medicated starter diets (Nutreco Canada Agresearch) immediately after the chicks were placed. At day 18, birds were challenged with C. perfringens (107 cfu per ml mixed with feed). Spleens were collected from 12 birds of each group at day 18 (before infection), 19, 20, and 22. A low-density chicken immune microarray was used to study gene expression profiling of host response to C. perfringens infection. Six biological replicates (2 birds per biological replicate) for each treatment group were labeled with either Cy5 or Cy3 with dye swap. A total of 24 arrays were used for this study. Gene signal intensity was globally normalized by LOWESS and expressed as log2 ratios. A mixed model including treatment, time, array, subgrid (random effect), dye, and all interactions among treatment and time was used to identify differentially expressed genes between post-infection vs. pre-infection, among post-infections, and between medication treatments, at the 5% significance level. The results indicated subtle medication effects on gene expression of these immune-related genes compared to bacterial infection effect. Our findings strongly suggest that both cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immune responses via MHC class I and II systems were actively involved in the host defense against C. perfringens infection in broilers. The unique cytokine signaling pathway and apoptosis cascade found in the study provide a new insight of molecular regulation of host immune response. Collectively, the findings of the present study will shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying C. perfringens infection in broilers.
2009-03-01 | GSE13085 | GEO
Project description:We wanted to infer the contribution of host vs symbiotic microbiota plasticities on thermal acclimation of the holobiont. We long-term acclimated anymals of the same clonal line to 3 different temperatures (15, 20 and 25°C) and monitored along time the changes in fitness, microbiota composition, and host transcriptome.
2022-02-04 | GSE168938 | GEO
Project description:Necrotic enteritis is a disease caused by Clostridium perfringens, which threatens poultry production in the absence of dietary antibiotics. A total number of 144 Ross broilers were reared in 12 pens with each hosting 12 birds. Each 6 pens of birds were fed medicated (bacitracin at 55 ppm) or non-medicated starter diets (Nutreco Canada Agresearch) immediately after the chicks were placed. At day 18, birds were challenged with C. perfringens (107 cfu per ml mixed with feed). Spleens were collected from 12 birds of each group at day 18 (before infection), 19, 20, and 22. A low-density chicken immune microarray was used to study gene expression profiling of host response to C. perfringens infection. Six biological replicates (2 birds per biological replicate) for each treatment group were labeled with either Cy5 or Cy3 with dye swap. A total of 24 arrays were used for this study. Gene signal intensity was globally normalized by LOWESS and expressed as log2 ratios. A mixed model including treatment, time, array, subgrid (random effect), dye, and all interactions among treatment and time was used to identify differentially expressed genes between post-infection vs. pre-infection, among post-infections, and between medication treatments, at the 5% significance level. The results indicated subtle medication effects on gene expression of these immune-related genes compared to bacterial infection effect. Our findings strongly suggest that both cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immune responses via MHC class I and II systems were actively involved in the host defense against C. perfringens infection in broilers. The unique cytokine signaling pathway and apoptosis cascade found in the study provide a new insight of molecular regulation of host immune response. Collectively, the findings of the present study will shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying C. perfringens infection in broilers. There were two groups: medicated and non-medicated. Spleen were collected to isolate total RNA for gene expression profiling.For the microarray study, two birds from each pen were pooled within each group. To account for any bias inherent to the fluorescent dyes, three of the six medicated replicates were labeled with Cy3 and the other three were labeled with Cy5 at each time point. The same design was applied for the non-medicated group. There were six hybridizations between medicated and non-medicated replicates at each time point. Twenty-three out of 24 arrays were used (data from one array were discarded due to poor quality).
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