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Exploratory Multi-Omics Analysis of Gut Microbiota and Fecal Metabolites in Relation to Serum S-Equol Levels in Older Adults with Osteoporosis from a Tropical Community: A Pilot Study

ABSTRACT:

This study aimed to investigate fecal metabolomic profiles associated with osteoporosis and serum S-equol levels in community-dwelling older adults from a tropical region of China. Fecal samples were collected from participants classified as osteoporosis or non-osteoporosis based on bone mineral density measurements. Untargeted metabolomics analysis was performed to characterize metabolic differences between groups and to explore associations between fecal metabolites and circulating S-equol levels. The generated metabolomic data were further integrated with gut microbiota profiling and clinical parameters to provide an exploratory assessment of microbial–metabolic features related to bone health.

INSTRUMENT(S): Liquid Chromatography MS - negative - reverse-phase, Liquid Chromatography MS - positive - reverse-phase

PROVIDER: MTBLS13855 | MetaboLights | 2026-02-10

REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights

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			Action	DRS
	a_MTBLS13855_LC-MS_negative_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling.txt	Txt
	a_MTBLS13855_LC-MS_positive_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling.txt	Txt
	i_Investigation.txt	Txt
	m_MTBLS13855_LC-MS_negative_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling_v2_maf.tsv	Tabular
	m_MTBLS13855_LC-MS_positive_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling_v2_maf.tsv	Tabular

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Project description:Background: Primary osteoporosis has increasingly become one of the risk factors affecting human health, and the clinical effect and action mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of primary osteoporosis have been widely studied. Previous studies have confirmed that in traditional Chinese medicine , Drynaria rhizome has a role in improving bone density. In this study, TMT-based proteomic analysis was conducted to derive potential targets for Drynaria rhizome treatment in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods: The model group (OVX) and experimental group (OVXDF) for menopausal osteoporosis were established using the universally acknowledged ovariectomy method, and the latter group received intragastric administration of 8.1 g /kg-1 of Drynaria rhizome for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, femurs of rats selected for this study were examined with a bone mineral density (BMD) test, Micro-CT, ELISABiochemical testing, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and immunohistochemistry. A certain portion of the bone tissue was studied with a TMT-based proteomic analysis and functional and pathway enrichment analysis. Finally, key target genes were selected for Western blotting for validation. Results: The comparison of the OVXDF and OVX groups indicated that Drynaria rhizome could improve bone density. In the TMT-based proteomic analysis, the comparison of these two groups revealed a total of 126 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), of which 62 were upregulated and 64 were downregulated. Further, by comparing the differential genes between the OVXDF and OVX groups and between the OVX and SHAM groups, we concluded that the 27 differential genes were significantly changed in the rats selected for the osteoporosis model after Drynaria rhizome intragastric administration. The gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of DEPs showed that molecular function was mainly involved in biological processes, such as glucose metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, immune responses, and aging. A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of DEPs revealed that multiple differential genes were enriched in the estrogen and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathways. Relationships with nitrogen metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, secretion systems, and tumor diseases were also observed. Western blotting was consistent with the analysis. Conclusions: We used TMT-based proteomics to analyze the positive effects of TCM Drynaria rhizome, which can regulate related proteins through the unique roles of multiple mechanisms, targets, and pathways. This treatment approach can regulate oxidative stress, improve lipid metabolism, reduce the inflammatory response mechanism, and improve bone density. These benefits highlight the unique advantages of TCM in the treatment of primary osteoporosis.

Dataset Information

Exploratory Multi-Omics Analysis of Gut Microbiota and Fecal Metabolites in Relation to Serum S-Equol Levels in Older Adults with Osteoporosis from a Tropical Community: A Pilot Study

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