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A general non-self response as part of plant immunity

ABSTRACT: Plants, like other multicellular lifeforms, are colonized by microorganisms. How plants respond to their microbiota is currently not well understood. We used a phylogenetically diverse set of 39 endogenous bacterial strains from Arabidopsis thaliana leaves to assess host transcriptional and metabolic adaptations to bacterial encounters. We identified a molecular response, which we termed the general non-self response (GNSR) that involves the expression of a core set of 24 genes. The GNSR genes are not only consistently induced by the presence of most strains, they also comprise the most differentially regulated genes across treatments and are predictive of a hierarchical transcriptional reprogramming beyond the GNSR. Using a complementary untargeted metabolomics approach we link the GNSR to the tryptophan-derived secondary metabolism, highlighting the importance of small molecules in plant-microbe interactions. We demonstrate that several of the GNSR genes are required for resistance against the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. Our results suggest that the GNSR constitutes a defence adaptation strategy that is consistently elicited by diverse strains from various phyla, contributes to host protection and involves secondary metabolism.

INSTRUMENT(S): Liquid Chromatography MS - positive - hilic, Liquid Chromatography MS - positive - reverse phase, Liquid Chromatography MS - negative - hilic

SUBMITTER: Patrick Kiefer

PROVIDER: MTBLS2522 | MetaboLights | 2021-09-13

REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights

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A general non-self response as part of plant immunity.

Maier Benjamin A BA Kiefer Patrick P Field Christopher M CM Hemmerle Lucas L Bortfeld-Miller Miriam M Emmenegger Barbara B Schäfer Martin M Pfeilmeier Sebastian S Sunagawa Shinichi S Vogel Christine M CM Vorholt Julia A JA

Nature plants 20210517 5

Plants, like other multicellular lifeforms, are colonized by microorganisms. How plants respond to their microbiota is currently not well understood. We used a phylogenetically diverse set of 39 endogenous bacterial strains from Arabidopsis thaliana leaves to assess host transcriptional and metabolic adaptations to bacterial encounters. We identified a molecular response, which we termed the general non-self response (GNSR) that involves the expression of a core set of 24 genes. The GNSR genes a ...[more]

PMID: 34007033

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Project description:The Saccharomyces cerevisiae MYO1 gene encodes the myosin type II heavy chain (Myo1p), a protein required for normal cytokinesis in budding yeast. Deletion of the MYO1 gene prevents actomyosin-driven cytokinesis thereby activating an alternative mechanism that involves the synthesis of a remedial septum. Myo1p deficiency in yeast (myo1) also causes the formation of attached cells, abnormal budding patterns, formation of enlarged and elongated cells, increased osmotic sensitivity, delocalized chitin deposition, and increased chitin synthesis. To determine how the differential expression of genes is related to these diverse phenotypes, we analyzed the global mRNA expression profile of myo1 strains. Global mRNA expression profiles of myo1 strains and their corresponding wild type controls were obtained by hybridization to yeast oligonucleotide microarrays. Results for selected genes were confirmed by real time RT-PCR. A total of 547 differentially expressed genes were identified with 263 up-regulated and 284 down regulated genes in the myo1 strains. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed the significant over-representation of genes in the protein biosynthesis and stress response categories. Genes involved in cell wall assembly (GAS1, PSA1, CIS3, FIT1, WSC2), MAP kinase activity (SLT2), Rho1p Guanine Exchange Factor (ROM1), and regulation of cell proliferation (RAS1) were also differentially expressed in myo1 strains. Conclusions: We have presented a global mRNA expression analysis of yeast myo1 strains and hypothesized about possible correlations with morphological and biochemical phenotypes observed in these strains. We report 547 differentially regulated genes in the myo1 mutant strains. Genes involved in the control of cell proliferation, protein synthesis and maturation, DNA replication, and cell division processes were largely down regulated, suggesting a mechanism for delayed cell cycle progression and growth that involves coordinated regulation of these processes in myo1 strains. Other genes involved in the cellular response to cell wall stress and cell wall organization were largely up-regulated suggesting that cell wall biogenesis is important for the completion of cytokinesis and cell wall morphogenetic processes that may also be affected by myosin II deficiency. Gene set enrichment analysis indicates that stress response and protein biosynthesis gene categories are inversely correlated in this mutant. Keywords: Comparative genomic hybridization

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A general non-self response as part of plant immunity

Publications

A general non-self response as part of plant immunity.

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