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Rich organic nitrogen impacts clavulanic acid biosynthesis through the arginine metabolic pathway in Streptomyces clavuligerus F613-1

ABSTRACT:

Clavulanic acid (CA) is the preferred clinical drug for the treatment of infections by β-lactam antibiotic-resistant bacteria. CA is produced by Streptomyces clavuligerus, and although there have been many reports on the effects of carbon and nitrogen sources on CA production, the mechanisms involved remain unclear. In this study, we found that CA accumulation in S. clavuligerus F613-1 was increased significantly in MH medium, which is rich in organic nitrogen, compared with that in ML medium, which contains half the amount of organic nitrogen present in MH medium. Transcriptome analysis revealed that genes involved in CA biosynthesis, such as ceas1, ceas2, bls1, bls2, cas2, pah2, gcaS, and cad, and arginine biosynthesis, such as argB, argC, argD, argG, argH, argJ, and argR, were upregulated under rich organic nitrogen. Metabolome data revealed notable differences between cultures of F613-1 grown in MH and ML media with regard to levels of key intracellular metabolites, most of which are involved in arginine metabolic pathways, including arginine, glutamine, and glutamic acid. Additionally, supplementation of ML medium with arginine, glutamine, or glutamic acid resulted in increased CA production by S. clavuligerus F613-1. Our results indicate that rich organic nitrogen mainly affects CA biosynthesis by increasing the levels of amino acids associated with the arginine metabolic pathway and activating the expression of the CA biosynthetic gene cluster. These findings provide important insights for improving medium optimization and engineering of S. clavuligerus F613-1 for high-yield production of CA.

INSTRUMENT(S): Liquid Chromatography MS - positive, Liquid Chromatography MS - negative

SUBMITTER: Guangxiang Cao

PROVIDER: MTBLS5744 | MetaboLights | 2022-12-08

REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights

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Project description:To ensure that the pool of precursor amino acids utilized for protein synthesis is completely labeled prior to the first labeling time-point, we conducted an isotopomer analysis. After adaption to media, cells were plated at a density of 500,000 cells per 10 cm plate. 8 days after plating, the confluent quiescent cultures were switched to 15N labeling medium. Cells were collected after 0h, 6h, 1d, 2d, 4d of labeling, washed with PBS and cell pellets were frozen prior to further analysis. 15N labeling medium was made from “Cell free” Amino Acid Mix (20AA, U-15N, 96-98%)(Cambridge Isotope Laboratories) and supplemented with 15% dialyzed fetal bovine serum (Thermo Scientific), 100U/mL penicillin, 100U/mL streptomycin. 1g is used for making 702mL labeling medium. The final amino acids concentrations in 15N labeling medium are as following: Alanine: 0.1140 g/L, Arginine: 0.0499 g/L, Asparagine: 0.0940 g/L, Aspartic acid: 0.1353 g/L, Cystine: 0.01140 g/L, Glutamic acid: 0.1852 g/L, Glutamine: 0.0869 g/L, Glycine: 0.0698 g/L, Histidine: 0.0157 g/L, Isoleucine: 0.0698 g/L, Leucine: 0.1211 g/L, Lysine: 0.0527 g/L, Methionine: 0.0228 g/L, Phenylalanine: 0.0541 g/L, Proline: 0.0299 g/L, Serine: 0.0541 g/L, Threonine: 0.0741 g/L, Tryptophan: 0.0456 g/L, Tyrosine: 0.0613g/L, Valine: 0.0798 g/L. LC-MS/MS and quantitative analysis of isotopic envelopes and 15N incorporation of peptides was conducted as described in (Zhang et al., 2014). The data indicate that when exposed to fully 15N-labeled media (where all 20 natural amino acids are isotopically labeled), the fraction of proteins that are synthesized within the first day are almost fully labeled. Thus, the extent of fractional labeling is almost exclusively influenced by the kinetics of protein turnover rather than amino acid uptake and recycling within the cell. Table of files Cells Time points Labeling Fractionation Raw Data Filenames Wildtype 0d, 1d,2d,4d,7d13C 6Lys, 6Arg& 15N No 0d.raw 1d.raw 2d.raw 4d.raw 7d.raw

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Rich organic nitrogen impacts clavulanic acid biosynthesis through the arginine metabolic pathway in Streptomyces clavuligerus F613-1

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