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Marine Biodiscovery Ireland 2017 Samples

ABSTRACT: Over the last 60 years, marine natural products have had major economic and commercial importance. The development of a National Marine Biodiscovery Laboratory in Ireland (NMBLI), located at the Marine Institute (Oranmore), aims to strengthen Ireland’s capacity as research leaders in marine biotechnology and in particularly marine natural products chemistry. The NMBLI houses an Irish marine repository derived from marine macro-organisms collected in Irish coastal waters. The aim of this project is to collect organisms for the marine repository and identify samples of interest for chemical investigation. Other than the development of the laboratory at the marine institute (Oranmore) with the appropriate facilities and procedure to undertake biodiscovery research, the outcomes of this project are to identify bioactive marine natural products from Irish marine life.

INSTRUMENT(S): Liquid Chromatography MS - negative - reverse phase, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) -, Liquid Chromatography MS - alternating - reverse phase, Liquid Chromatography MS - positive - reverse phase

PROVIDER: MTBLS874 | MetaboLights | 2020-02-12

REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights

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Project description:Anaerobic fungi (class Neocallimastigomycetes) thrive as low-abundance members of the herbivore digestive tract. The genomes of anaerobic gut fungi are poorly characterized and have not been extensively mined for the biosynthetic enzymes of natural products such as antibiotics. Here, we investigate the potential of anaerobic gut fungi to synthesize natural products that could regulate membership within the gut microbiome. Complementary 'omics' approaches were combined to catalog the natural products of anaerobic gut fungi from four different representative species: Anaeromyces robustus (A. robustus), Caecomyces churrovis (C. churrovis), Neocallimastix californiae (N. californiae), and Piromyces finnis (P. finnis). In total, 146 genes were identified that encode biosynthetic enzymes for diverse types of natural products, including nonribosomal peptide synthetases and polyketide synthases. In addition, N. californiae and C. churrovis genomes encoded seven putative bacteriocins, a class of antimicrobial peptides typically produced by bacteria. During standard laboratory growth on plant biomass or soluble substrates, 26% of total core biosynthetic genes in all four strains were transcribed. Across all four fungal strains, 30% of total biosynthetic gene products were detected via proteomics when grown on cellobiose. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) characterization of fungal supernatants detected 72 likely natural products from A. robustus alone. A compound produced by all four strains of anaerobic fungi was putatively identified as the polyketide-related styrylpyrone baumin. Molecular networking quantified similarities between tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) spectra among these fungi, enabling three groups of natural products to be identified that are unique to anaerobic fungi. Overall, these results support the finding that anaerobic gut fungi synthesize natural products, which could be harnessed as a source of antimicrobials, therapeutics, and other bioactive compounds. See publication: https://www.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2019855118. This research was performed under the Facilities Integrating Collaborations for User Science (FICUS) program (proposal:https://doi.org/10.46936/fics.proj.2018.50386/60000039) and used resources at the DOE Joint Genome Institute (https://ror.org/04xm1d337) and the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (https://ror.org/04rc0xn13), which are DOE Office of Science User Facilities operated under Contract Nos. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (JGI) and DE-AC05-76RL01830 (EMSL).

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Marine Biodiscovery Ireland 2017 Samples

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