Microbial transformation of dietary xenobiotics shapes gut microbiome composition

ABSTRACT:

Diet is a major determinant of gut microbiome composition, and variation in diet-microbiome interactions may contribute to variation in their health consequences. Understanding individual differences requires mechanistic understanding of dietary xenobiotics-microbiome interactions. Here, we map interactions between ~150 small molecule dietary xenobiotics and the gut microbiome, including community composition, compound metabolism, growth inhibitory effects and interindividual variation in these traits. Integrating these measures highlights mechanisms for community remodelling. We identify dietary xenobiotics with growth inhibitory activity and demonstrate how these compounds alter community composition. Microbial metabolism both toxifies and detoxifies these compounds, producing emergent interactions. We identify the gene and enzyme responsible for detoxification of one such dietary xenobiotic, resveratrol, and demonstrate that this enzyme contributes to interindividual variation in community remodelling. Together, these results systematically map interactions between dietary xenobiotics and the gut microbiome and suggest how toxification and detoxification contributes to interpersonal differences in microbiome response to diet.

INSTRUMENT(S): Liquid Chromatography MS - negative - reverse phase

PROVIDER: MTBLS9221 | MetaboLights | 2024-08-06

REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights