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Transcriptomic and metabolomic comparison of two Kandelia obovata cultivas in response to cold wave

ABSTRACT: Temperature is the primary environmental factor that restricts the growth and distribution of mangrove plants. With the escalating severity of global climate change, Kandelia obovata has gained widespread recognition as an ideal species for investigating the response mechanisms of mangroves to cold stress. Although previous studies have explored the genetic and molecular aspects of cold response in K. obovata, there is a paucity of reports focusing on its response to freezing stress and its adaptive mechanisms during recovery periods. In this study, we subjected two cultivars of K. obovata, namely southern F-J (Fu-Jian) and northern Z-J (Zhe-Jiang), located in the southeast coastal area of China, to controlled temperature drops below freezing point followed by recovery periods simulating typical cold waves. We conducted phenotype analyses along with comparative transcriptomics and metabolomics investigations on these two cultivars, which exhibited differential tolerance towards lethal freezing challenges. Our findings revealed stronger transcriptional and metabolic induction in both cultivars during recovery stages compared to freezing processes, highlighting candidate genes and metabolites that may enhance adaptability and survival capacity of K. obovata when exposed to cold waves. Furthermore, significant differences were observed between these two cultivars in various pathways related to cold responses such as photosynthesis and jasmonic acid synthesis/transduction; while F-J cultivar failed to resume growth due to irreversibly damaged photosystems/cell structures after exposure to extreme low temperatures, Z-J cultivar demonstrated resistance by adjusting JA synthesis as well as accumulating soluble amino acids during their respective recovery periods. This study provides novel insights into understanding the survival mechanisms employed by K. obovata against cold waves, which are crucial for introducing mangroves into more northern coastal areas.

INSTRUMENT(S): Liquid Chromatography MS - negative - reverse phase, Liquid Chromatography MS - positive - reverse phase

PROVIDER: MTBLS9845 | MetaboLights | 2024-09-27

REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights

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Project description:The sustainable production of perennial grasses in Northern Norway is at risk due to the ongoing climate change. The predicted increase in temperatures and variable weather patterns are further expected to create challenges for winter survival of timothy. Therefore, knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying freezing tolerance is crucial for developing robust cultivars. The current study is aimed at identifying genes involved in the freezing stress response of Timothy and studying gene expression differentiation due to field selection in contrasting environments. Four timothy cultivars, namely Engmo, Noreng, Grindstad and Snorri were field tested for three years at locations Tromsø and Vesterålen in Northern Norway. The surviving material from the field tests along with plants raised from the original seed lots were subjected to freezing tests. Following the tests, crown tissue was collected for RNA extraction. All samples from different treatment points were paired-end sequenced at 20 million reads/sample. LT50 values varied across cultivars and materials. Plant material from cold-acclimated (CA) samples was used as controls, while two pools for each cultivar were made of plant material from temperature points below the LT50, one with the higher temperatures termed Treatment 1 (T1) and one with the lower temperatures termed Treatment 2 (T2). Many genes coding for transcription factors and proteins which are known to play an important role in freezing tolerance like dehydrins, c-repeat binding factors, late embryogenesis abundant proteins are upregulated with decreasing temperatures. Moreover, genes associated with glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, TCA cycle, glutathione metabolism, proteasome, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism pathways and genes encoding heat shock proteins, autophagy-related, plasma membrane-associated proteins, sugar and amino acid transporters had elevated expression in field survivors compared to plants raised from the original material. These DEGs might be crucial for winter survival of timothy in a changing climate. Furthermore, differences in freezing stress response between northern and southern adapted cultivars, and surviving material from two field trial locations are discussed briefly

Project description:During low temperature exposure, temperate plant species increase their freezing tolerance in a process termed cold acclimation. During deacclimation in response to warm temperatures cold acclimated plants lose freezing tolerance and resume growth and development. While considerable effort has been directed toward understanding the molecular and metabolic basis of cold acclimation, much less information is available about the regulation of deacclimation. Here, we report metabolic (GC-MS) and transcriptional (microarrays, qRT-PCR) responses underlying deacclimation during the first 24 h after a shift of cold acclimated Arabidopsis thaliana (Columbia-0) plants to warm temperature. The data revealed a faster response of the transcriptome than of the metabolome and provided evidence for tightly regulated temporal responses at both levels. Metabolically deacclimation is associated with decreasing contents of sugars, amino acids and glycolytic and TCA cycle intermediates, indicating an increased need for carbon sources and respiratory energy production associated with growth resumption under warm temperature conditions. Deacclimation also involves extensive down-regulation of protein synthesis and changes in the metabolism of lipids and cell wall components. Altered hormonal regulation appears particularly important during deacclimation, with changes in the expression of genes related to auxin, gibberellin, brassinosteroid, jasmonate and ethylene metabolisms. Several transcription factor families controlling fundamental aspects of plant development are significantly regulated during deacclimation, emphasizing that loss of freezing tolerance and growth resumption are interrelated processes that are transcriptionally highly interrelated. Expression patterns of some clock oscillator components during deacclimation resembled those under warm conditions, indicating at least partial re-activation of the circadian clock. This study provide the first comprehensive analysis of the regulation of deacclimation in cold acclimated plants. The data indicate cascades of rapidly regulated genes and metabolites that underly the developmental switch resulting in reduced freezing tolerance and the resumption of growth. They constitute a reference dataset of genes, metabolites and pathways that are crucial during the first rapid phase of deacclimation and will be useful for the further analysis of this important but under-researched plant process. We used whole genome microarrays to monitor changes in gene expression in the Arabidopsis thaliana accession Columbia-0 during the first 24 h after a shift of cold acclimated plants to warm temperature.

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			Action	DRS
	NEG_FJ1_T1.raw	Raw
	NEG_FJ1_T2.raw	Raw
	NEG_FJ1_T3.raw	Raw
	NEG_FJ1_T4.raw	Raw
	NEG_FJ1_T5.raw	Raw

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Transcriptomic and metabolomic comparison of two Kandelia obovata cultivas in response to cold wave

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