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Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas syringe uniquely alter the exometabolomic profile of the Arabidopsis leaf surface

ABSTRACT: To successfully colonize healthy plants, bacterial pathogens must overcome stressful conditions on the leaf surface before entering the leaf tissues through natural openings. In this study, we developed an approach to examine the exometabolomic profiles of the leaf surface when exposing plants with the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) and the human pathogen Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium 14028s (STm 14028s). Our data indicate clear differences in metabolic dynamics in the phyllosphere as Pst DC3000 and STm 14028s colonize this niche, where STm 14028s induced the largest changes in the metabolite accumulation. Specifically, we detected a reduction of several monosaccharides and organic acids that STm 14028s may consume as sources of energy. Furthermore, STm 14028s alters several amino acids and nucleic acids that promote growth and survival by providing essential substrates and serving as signaling molecules under stressful conditions. In addition, we identified differential accumulation of amino acids and other metabolites, such as phytohormones, which could potentially contribute to plant defense against biotic stresses. Overall, we gained valuable insights into the metabolites secreted onto the leaf surface, which might facilitate bacterial transitioning to an endophytic lifestyle and the unique response of Arabidopsis towards these bacteria.

INSTRUMENT(S): Gas Chromatography MS -

PROVIDER: MTBLS9884 | MetaboLights | 2025-06-17

REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights

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Project description:To study basal resistance we inoculated tobacco plants with Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae 61 hrcC mutants (gift of A. Collmer). To compare the expression profiles of basal resistance to hypersensitive response, we used P. syringae pv. syringae 61. Gene activation triggered by the live compatible pathogen P. syringae pv. tabaci was compared to kanamycine-inactivated P. tabaci (10 min in 100 ug/ml KM, then washed 2x in H2O). Water-infiltrated control leaves were used. The aim of another set of experiments was to investigate the influence of various signal transduction pathways on basal resistance. Control plants were infiltrated with P. syringae pv syringae hrcC mutant bacteria. These were compared to treatments, in which the bacterial suspensions were supplemented with inhibitors that can block a specific type of signal transduction pathway. The inhibitors represented Ca2+ signaling, lipid derived signals generated by phospholipase C and A, protein phosphorilation (kinases) and protein degradation (degradation of transcription repressors or activators). The used inhibitors were LaCl3, neomycin, aristolochic acid, K252a and MG115 respectively. 2-2.5 months old tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun nn) were grown in a greenhouse in soil with cca. 16/8 hr light/dark period at 20°C, then in a growth chamber 2 days before and during experiments, under identical conditions. A syringe was used for the injection of bacteria or chemical solutions into the tobacco leaves. At 6 or 48 hours post inoculation, leaf samples were taken, and frozen in liquid nitrogen. Every experiment was carried out in 3 independent replicates. Total RNA was extracted using the Quiagen RNeasy Plant Mini kit and the Quiagen Rnase-free Dnase Set, then re-purified and concentrated on Microcon-30 (Millipore) columns. The concentration and quality of isolated RNA was estimated by measuring its absorbency at 260 and 280 nm and running on 1% agarose gel. Keywords: Direct comparison

			Action	DRS
	210708aZTsa01_1.cdf	Other
	210708aZTsa02_1.cdf	Other
	210708aZTsa03_1.cdf	Other
	210708aZTsa04_2.cdf	Other
	210708aZTsa05_2.cdf	Other

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Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas syringe uniquely alter the exometabolomic profile of the Arabidopsis leaf surface

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