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Glycolysis/TCA/Nucleotide_Wt_KO_TimeCourse_LPS

ABSTRACT: Wild type and AMPK KO bone marrow derived macrophage were stimulated with LPS (100ng/ml) for various time period and plates were frozen in liquid nitrogen after washing with sodium acetate (200uM) solution and kept in deep freezer for further analysis.

ORGANISM(S): Mouse Mus Musculus

TISSUE(S): Macrophages

SUBMITTER: Maureen Kachman

PROVIDER: ST000209 | MetabolomicsWorkbench | Thu Jun 11 00:00:00 BST 2015

REPOSITORIES: MetabolomicsWorkbench

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Project description:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as novel regulators of macrophage biology and related inflammatory cardiovascular diseases. However, studies focused on lncRNAs in human macrophage subtypes, particularly human lncRNAs that are not conserved in rodents, are limited. Through RNA-seq of human monocyte-derived macrophages, we identified Suppressor of Inflammatory Macrophage Apoptosis lncRNA (SIMALR), a human macrophage-specific long intergenic noncoding RNA, to be highly induced in LPS/IFNγ-stimulated macrophages. Treatment of LPS/IFNγ stimulated THP1 human macrophages with SIMALR antisense oligonucleotides induced apoptosis of inflammatory macrophages, as shown by increased protein expression of cleaved PARP, caspase 9, caspase 3, and Annexin V+. RNA-seq of control versus SIMALR knockdown in LPS/IFNγ-stimulated human monocyte derived macrophages showed NTN1 to be significantly decreased upon SIMALR knockdown. As expected, NTN1 knockdown in LPS/IFNγ-stimulated macrophages induced apoptosis. This apoptotic phenotype was attenuated by adding recombinant NTN1 after SIMALR knockdown. Furthermore, NTN1 promoter-luciferase reporter activity was increased in HEK293T cells treated with lentiviral overexpression of SIMALR. NTN1 promoter activity is known to require HIF1α. RNA immunoprecipitation and microscopy studies suggest that SIMALR may interact with HIF1α to regulate NTN1 transcription, thereby regulating apoptosis of macrophages. In translational studies, SIMALR was found to be expressed in macrophages in human carotid atherosclerotic plaques of symptomatic patients. SIMALR is a non-conserved, human macrophage lincRNA expressed in human atherosclerosis that regulates macrophage apoptosis. SIMALR partners with HIF1α to regulate NTN1, which is a known macrophage survival factor. This work illustrates the importance of interrogating the functions of non-conserved human lincRNAs and exploring their translational and therapeutic potential in human atherosclerosis.

Dataset Information

Glycolysis/TCA/Nucleotide_Wt_KO_TimeCourse_LPS

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