Project description:This study sough to understand the differential gene expression profile of Pkd1 mutant mice kidneys in the setting of miR 17~92 deletion
Project description:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common cause of ESRD. Affected individuals inherit a defective copy of either the PKD1 or PKD2 gene, encoding the proteins polycystin?1 (PC1) or polycystin?2 (PC2) respectively. PC1 and PC2 are secreted on urinary exosome?like vesicles (ELVs) (100nm diameter vesicles), where PC1 is present in a cleaved form and may be complexed with PC2. Label free quantitative proteomic studies of urine ELVs in an initial discovery cohort (13 PKD1 and 18 Normals), revealed that of 2008 ELV proteins, nine (0.32%) showed a statistically significant difference between PKD1 and normals at a p<0.025. PC1 was reduced to 54% of the normal level (p<0.02) and PC2 reduced to 53% (p<0.001). TMEM2, a protein with homology to fibrocystin, the product of the polycystic hepatic and kidney disease (PKHD1) gene, is increased 2.1 fold (p<0.025). The PC1/TMEM2 ratio correlated inversely with height adjusted total kidney volume (HtTKV) in the discovery cohort and the ratio of PC1/TMEM2 or PC2/TMEM2 could be used to distinguish PKD1 from normals in a confirmation cohort. In summary, this study suggests that a test based on the urine exosomal PC1/TMEM2 or PC2/TMEM2 ratio may have utility in the diagnosis and perhaps monitoring of PKD1.
Project description:The Pkd1 gene was inactivated by tamoxifen at postnatal day 30 (P30) to generate a chronic-onset conditional Pkd1 gene knockout mouse model. Without any intervention, micro cysts could be detected adjacent to renal medulla-corticomedullary junction in Pkd1-/- mice until P180 and cystic phenotype is severe at P300. However, under dehydration situation, the cyst growth was more accelerated and progressive. The dehydration protocol resulted in Pkd1-/- mice varying degrees of sweating and weight loss. Mice that were not provided water during the day (water at night (D-WAN)) and mice that had access to water during the day (water all time (D-WAT)) showed significantly more weight loss compared with the control Pkd1-/- mice, although they drank more water at night. Interestingly, although D-WAN Pkd1-/- mice and D-WAT Pkd1-/- mice lost approximately body weights after one-day dehydration, while cyst enlargement and renal dysfunction was much more severe in the D-WAN Pkd1-/- mice after two-month intervention.
Project description:Melanoma is a highly metastatic type of cancer which requires novel and effective targeted therapies. Annexin A10 (ANXA10), a member of annexin family, is a calcium and phospholipid binding protein. Considerable evidences indicate that ANXA10 is involved in tumor progression, but little is known about the involvement of ANXA10 in melanoma. In this study, we reported that ANXA10 expression was significantly up-regulated and correlated with melanoma progression. Knockout of ANXA10 profoundly reduced cell migration and metastatic activity of melanoma. Mechanistic investigations showed that ANXA10 knockout induced N- to E-cadherin switch by upregulating SMAD6, an inhibitory SMAD in TGF-β/ SMAD pathway. The negative regulation of ANXA10 on SMAD6 was dependent on PKD1. We demonstrated that ANXA10 interacted with PKD1 and inhibited E3 ligase TRIM41-mediated PKD1 degradation. In B16F10 melanoma cells, the protein levels of ANXA10 and PKD1 were negatively correlated with SMAD6, but positively related to cell migration. In addition, a negative correlation of ANXA10 and SMAD6 levels was also observed in clinical samples, which was associated with melanoma progression. Our findings suggest that ANXA10/PKD1/ SMAD6 axis might be new targets of therapeutic strategies for melanoma metastasis.
Project description:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common cause of ESRD. Affected individuals inherit a defective copy of either the PKD1 or PKD2 gene, encoding the proteins polycystin?1 (PC1) or polycystin?2 (PC2) respectively. PC1 and PC2 are secreted on urinary exosome?like vesicles (ELVs) (100nm diameter vesicles), where PC1 is present in a cleaved form and may be complexed with PC2. Label free quantitative proteomic studies of urine ELVs in an initial discovery cohort (13 PKD1 and 18 Normals), revealed that of 2008 ELV proteins, nine (0.32%) showed a statistically significant difference between PKD1 and normals at a p<0.025. PC1 was reduced to 54% of the normal level (p<0.02) and PC2 reduced to 53% (p<0.001). TMEM2, a protein with homology to fibrocystin, the product of the polycystic hepatic and kidney disease (PKHD1) gene, is increased 2.1 fold (p<0.025). The PC1/TMEM2 ratio correlated inversely with height adjusted total kidney volume (HtTKV) in the discovery cohort and the ratio of PC1/TMEM2 or PC2/TMEM2 could be used to distinguish PKD1 from normals in a confirmation cohort. In summary, this study suggests that a test based on the urine exosomal PC1/TMEM2 or PC2/TMEM2 ratio may have utility in the diagnosis and perhaps monitoring of PKD1.
Project description:ADPKD (Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease) is the most common inherited disorders and is characterized by growth of numerous cysts filled with fluid in the kidneys. Ultimately, it leads to kidney failure. The mutations of PKD1 and PKD2 account for approximately 85 and 15 percent of ADPKD, respectively. However, the mechanisms related to genetic mutation of PKD1 and PKD2 are still unclear. To investigate altered gene expression levels, Affymetrix microarray was performed using the kidney tissue from normal and ADPKD patients.
Project description:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is an important cause of end stage renal disease for which there is no proven therapy 1. Mutations at PKD1 are the principal cause of disease. The disease begins in utero2 and is slowly progressive but it is not known whether cystogenesis is an ongoing process during adult life. We now show that inactivation of Pkd1 in mice prior to post-natal day 13 results in severely cystic kidneys within three weeks, whereas inactivation at day 14 and later results in cysts only after five months. We found that cellular proliferation was not appreciably higher in cystic specimens than in age-matched controls but that the abrupt change in response to Pkd1 inactivation corresponded with a previously unrecognized brake point during renal growth and significant changes in gene expression. These findings suggest that the effects of Pkd1 inactivation are defined by a developmental switch that signals the end of the terminal renal maturation process. These studies show that Pkd1 regulates tubular morphology in both developing and adult kidney but the pathologic consequences of inactivation are defined by the organ’s developmental status, with important clinical implications for our understanding of disease and our approach to therapy. Keywords: Developmental status comparison