Ecological metagenomics of vampire bats
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB34487 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:Vampire bats and snakes have taken thermosensation to the extreme by developing specialized systems for detecting infrared radiation. As such, these creatures provide a window into the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying evolutionary tuning of thermoreceptors in a species or cell type specific manner. In each case, robust thermal sensitivity likely reflects specialized anatomical features of infrared sensing pit organs, as well as intrinsic heat sensitivity of trigeminal nerve fibers that innervate these structures. Here we show that vampire bats use a molecular strategy involving alternative splicing of the TRPV1 gene to generate a channel specifically within trigeminal ganglia that has a reduced thermal activation threshold. Selective expression of splicing factors in trigeminal, but not dorsal root ganglia, together with unique organization of the vampire bat TRPV1 gene underlies this mechanism of sensory adaptation. Comparative genomic analysis of the TRPV1 locus supports phylogenetic relationships within the proposed Pegasoferae clade of mammals. Gene expression measurements implicate a TRPV1 splice isoform as the heat-sensitive channel in vampire bats
2011-08-04 | E-GEOD-28243 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Vampire bats and snakes have taken thermosensation to the extreme by developing specialized systems for detecting infrared radiation. As such, these creatures provide a window into the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying evolutionary tuning of thermoreceptors in a species or cell type specific manner. In each case, robust thermal sensitivity likely reflects specialized anatomical features of infrared sensing pit organs, as well as intrinsic heat sensitivity of trigeminal nerve fibers that innervate these structures. Here we show that vampire bats use a molecular strategy involving alternative splicing of the TRPV1 gene to generate a channel specifically within trigeminal ganglia that has a reduced thermal activation threshold. Selective expression of splicing factors in trigeminal, but not dorsal root ganglia, together with unique organization of the vampire bat TRPV1 gene underlies this mechanism of sensory adaptation. Comparative genomic analysis of the TRPV1 locus supports phylogenetic relationships within the proposed Pegasoferae clade of mammals.
2011-08-04 | GSE28243 | GEO
Project description:Bats can harbor many pathogens without showing disease. However, the mechanisms by which bats resolve these infections or limit pathology remain unclear. To illuminate the bat immune response to coronaviruses, viruses with high public health significance, we will use serum proteomics to assess broad differences in immune proteins of uninfected and infected vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus). In contrast to global profiling techniques of blood such as transcriptomics, proteomics provides a unique perspective into immunology, as the serum proteome includes proteins from not only blood but also those secreted from proximal tissues. Here, we expand our recent work on the serum proteome of wild vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) to better understand CoV pathogenesis. Across 19 bats sampled in 2019 in northern Belize with available sera, we detected CoVs in oral or rectal swabs from four individuals. We used data independent acquisition-based mass spectrometry to profile and compare the undepleted serum proteome of these 19 bats. These results will provide much needed insight into changes in the bat serum proteome in response to coronavirus infection.
2022-01-19 | PXD031075 | Pride
Project description:Metagenomics of viral communities of vampire bats in Peru
| PRJEB28138 | ENA
Project description:Bats are increasingly studied as model systems for longevity and as natural hosts to some virulent viruses. Yet our ability to characterize immune mechanisms of viral tolerance and to quantify infection dynamics in wild bats is often limited by small sample volumes and few species-specific reagents. To address this, we demonstrate how proteomics can overcome these limitations by using data-independent acquisition-based shotgun proteomics (i.e., bottom-up proteomics) to survey the serum proteome of 17 vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) from Belize. We focused this work on vampire bats, a species that has an obligate diet of blood and feeds on prey as diverse as sea lions, tapirs, livestock, and even humans, providing numerous opportunities for transmission of viruses (e.g., rabies virus, adenovirus, herpesvirus) to and from these recipient hosts. Using just 2 μL of sample and relatively short separations of undepleted serum digests, we identified 361 proteins across five orders of magnitude. We also used known bat virus proteomes to identify Rh186 from Macacine herpesvirus 3 and ORF1a from Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, indicating that mass spectrometry-based techniques show promise for pathogen detection. Our results demonstrate the feasibility and capabilities of serum proteomic analyses in wild bats, including possibilities to simultaneously detect host immunological components and viral infection as well as to establish preliminary ranges of vampire bat proteins for comparison with other mammalian blood proteomes. Overall, these results can be used to design targeted mass-spectrometry assays to quantify immunological markers and detect pathogens. More broadly, our findings also highlight the application of proteomics in advancing wildlife immunology and pathogen surveillance.
2020-12-07 | PXD022885 | Pride
Project description:Jamaican fruit bats (Artibeus jamaicensis) naturally harbor a wide range of viruses of human relevance. These infections are typically mild in bats, suggesting unique features of their immune system. To better understand the immune response to viral infections in bats, we infected Jamaican fruit bats with the bat-derived influenza A virus H18N11. Using comparative single-cell RNA sequencing, we generated a single-cell atlas of the Jamaican fruit bat intestine and mesentery, the target organs of infection. Gene expression profiling showed that H18N11 infection resulted in a moderate induction of interferon-stimulated genes and transcriptional activation of immune cells. H18N11 infection was prominent in various leukocytes, including macrophages, B cells, and NK/T cells. Confirming these findings, human leukocytes, particularly macrophages, were also susceptible to H18N11, highlighting the zoonotic potential of this virus. Our study provides insight into the virus-host relationship and thus serves as a fundamental resource for further characterization of bat immunology.
2024-05-06 | GSE243982 | GEO
Project description:As the only truly flying mammals, bats use their unique wing formed from elongated digits connected by membranes to power their flight. The forelimb of bats consists of four elongated digits (digits II-V) and one shorter digit (digit I) that is morphologically similar to the hindlimb digits. Elongation of bat forelimb digits is thought to results from changes in the temporal and spatial expression of a number of developmental genes. As a result, comparing gene expression profiles between short and elongated digit morphologies of the fore- and hindlimbs may elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying digit elongation in bats. Here, we performed a large-scale analysis of gene expression of forelimb digit I, forelimb digits II-V, and all five hindlimb digits in Myotis ricketti using digital gene expression tag profiling approach. Results of this study not only implicate several developmental genes as robust candidates underlying digit elongation in bats, but also provide a better understanding of the genes involved in autopodial development in general. A large-scale analysis of gene expression of 3 different parts of autopods in Myotis ricketti using digital gene expression tag profiling approach.
2010-12-06 | E-GEOD-20038 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:As the only truly flying mammals, bats use their unique wing formed from elongated digits connected by membranes to power their flight. The forelimb of bats consists of four elongated digits (digits II-V) and one shorter digit (digit I) that is morphologically similar to the hindlimb digits. Elongation of bat forelimb digits is thought to results from changes in the temporal and spatial expression of a number of developmental genes. As a result, comparing gene expression profiles between short and elongated digit morphologies of the fore- and hindlimbs may elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying digit elongation in bats. Here, we performed a large-scale analysis of gene expression of forelimb digit I, forelimb digits II-V, and all five hindlimb digits in Myotis ricketti using digital gene expression tag profiling approach. Results of this study not only implicate several developmental genes as robust candidates underlying digit elongation in bats, but also provide a better understanding of the genes involved in autopodial development in general.
2010-12-06 | GSE20038 | GEO